Detection of Colletotrichum coccodes and Helminthosporium solani in soils by bioassay

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Carnegie ◽  
J. W. Choiseul ◽  
A. M. I. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Helminthosporium Solani

Effects of windrowing, irrigation and defoliation of potatoes on silver scurf (Helminthosporium solani) disease

1993 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Firman ◽  
E. J. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Potato Variety ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Silver Scurf ◽  
Helminthosporium Solani ◽  
Black Dot ◽  
Early Crop ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
One Year ◽  
Drying Conditions

SUMMARYField experiments with the potato variety Desiree at Cambridge, UK, in 1988–90 examined the effects of windrowing on the development of blemishing diseases during storage on tubers from crops grown with differing irrigation regimes and dates of defoliation and harvest. Irrigation reduced levels of silver scurf (Helminthosporium solani) at harvest in all three years and increased black dot (Colletotrichum coccodes) in one year. Early crop defoliation slightly increased silver scurf at harvest in one year only. Silver scurf developed less during storage at 3 °C than at 7 °C and disease levels on tubers after storage were related to levels present at harvest. The effects of leaving tubers for up to 6 h in a windrow at harvest on silver scurf after storage were small and inconsistent between years despite similar drying conditions. The results suggest that windrowing may be of little practical use in controlling silver scurf during storage.

Colletotrichum coccodes. [Distribution map].

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
New South ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) Hughes. Hosts: Potato (Solanum tuberosum), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Asia, Afghanistan, Brunei, Burma, China, India, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Indonesia, Java, Iran, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Korea, Lebanon, Malaysia, Sabah, Pakistan, Syria, Turkey, USSR, Caucasus, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia, Victoria, Tasmania, New Zealand, Europe, Austria, Belgium, Britain & Northern Ireland, Channel Islands, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Azores, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, USSR, Estonia, Lithuania, Byelorussia, Leningrad, Yugoslavia, North America, Bermuda, Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Ontario, USA, Central America & West Indies, Barbados, Jamaica, South America, Brazil, Peru, Venezuela.

scholarly journals Weather Variables Associated with Infection of Tomato Fruit by Colletotrichum coccodes

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 753-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sanogo ◽  
S. P. Pennypacker ◽  
R. E. Stevenson ◽  
A. A. MacNab
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Central Pennsylvania ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Relationship Of

Field experiments were conducted to determine the relationship of tomato anthracnose to weather variables. Sixteen potted tomato plants were exposed to field conditions within rows of tomato plants for 4 consecutive days at various time periods during the 1993 and 1994 summer growing seasons. Incidence of fruit infection by Colletotrichum coccodes was correlated with rain variables (amount and duration of rain) alone and in combination with other meteorological factors. The best fitting regression equation, accounting for 72% of the variation in anthracnose incidence (arcsine-square root transformed), was Y = 111.77 - 1.16 HNRo, in which HNRo is the numbers of hours during which no rainfall occurs within 4-day intervals that tomato fruit were exposed to field conditions in central Pennsylvania.

scholarly journals Occurrence and epidemiological aspects of potato silver scurf in California

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 690-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos G. Cunha ◽  
David M. Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Silver Scurf ◽  
Inoculum Potential ◽  
Helminthosporium Solani ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Commercial Potato ◽  
Tuber Disease ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Over Time

A new potato tuber disease has been observed in the Tulelake region, California, USA, since 1995, with tuber symptoms suggestive of silver scurf disease (Helminthosporium solani). In this work we isolated, identified and demonstrated the nature of the causal agent of this potato disease in California. In addition, the distribution of H. solani in potato fields and the inoculum potential at harvest time were investigated. Disease progress and H. solani spore populations were also characterised under commercial storage conditions. The main fungal genera associated with potato tubers in storage were Helminthosporium solani, Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp., and Rhizoctonia sp. The results of Koch's postulates indicated that H. solani is responsible for the outbreak of silver scurf in the Tulelake region. In a disease survey in three commercial potato fields naturally infested, H. solani infections occurred in all fields. However, the extension of the infections differed significantly between the fields. During potato storage, silver scurf usually increased over time. The percentage of the tuber surface covered by silver scurf varied from 3.5% up to 35.5% during the storage period. The number of H. solani lesions per tuber also progressively increased from 6% up to 35%, six months after storage. H. solani spore populations also increased over time in all studied potato stores; nevertheless, they followed no consistent pattern, exhibiting multiple and variable peaks of increase and reduction during the period of storage.

scholarly journals First Report of Anthracnose of Onion Caused by Colletotrichum coccodes in Ohio

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 1271-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Baysal-Gurel ◽  
N. Subedi ◽  
D. P. Mamiro ◽  
S. A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Its Region ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Academic Press ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
First Report ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Total Dna

Dry bulb onion (Allium cepa L. cvs. Pulsar, Bradley, and Livingston) plants with symptoms of anthracnose were observed in three commercial fields totaling 76.5 ha in Huron Co., Ohio, in July 2013. Symptoms were oval leaf lesions and yellowing, curling, twisting, chlorosis, and death of leaves. Nearly half of the plants in a 32.8-ha field of the cv. Pulsar were symptomatic. Concentric rings of acervuli with salmon-colored conidial masses were observed in the lesions. Conidia were straight with tapered ends and 16 to 23 × 3 to 6 μm (2). Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) S. Hughes was regularly isolated from infected plants (2). Culturing diseased leaf tissue on potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with 30 ppm rifampicin and 100 ppm ampicillin at room temperature yielded white aerial mycelia and salmon-colored conidial masses in acervuli. Numerous spherical, black microsclerotia were produced on the surface of colonies after 10 to 14 days. To confirm pathogen identity, total DNA was extracted directly from a 7-day-old culture of isolate SAM30-13 grown on PDA, using the Wizard SV Genomic DNA Purification System (Promega, Madison, WI) following the manufacturer's instructions. The ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified by PCR using the primer pair ITS1 and ITS4 (2), and sequenced. The sequence, deposited in GenBank (KF894404), was 99% identical to that of a C. coccodes isolate from Michigan (JQ682644) (1). Ten onion seedlings cv. Ebenezer White at the two- to three-leaf stage of growth were spray-inoculated with a conidial suspension (1 × 105 conidia/ml containing 0.01% Tween 20, with 10 ml applied/plant). Plants were maintained in a greenhouse (21 to 23°C) until symptoms appeared. Control plants were sprayed with sterilized water containing 0.01% Tween 20, and maintained in the same environment. After 30 days, sunken, oval lesions each with a salmon-colored center developed on the inoculated plants, and microscopic examination revealed the same pathogen morphology as the original isolates. C. coccodes was re-isolated consistently from leaf lesions. All non-inoculated control plants remained disease-free, and C. coccodes was not re-isolated from leaves of control plants. C. coccodes was reported infecting onions in the United States for the first time in Michigan in 2012 (1). This is the first report of anthracnose of onion caused by C. coccodes in Ohio. Unusually wet, warm conditions in Ohio in 2013 likely contributed to the outbreak of this disease. Timely fungicide applications will be necessary to manage this disease in affected areas. References: (1) A. K. Lees and A. J. Hilton. Plant Pathol. 52:3. 2003. (2) L. M. Rodriguez-Salamanca et al. Plant Dis. 96:769. 2012. (3) T. J. White et al. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1990.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis of Phytophthora infestans and Colletotrichum coccodes in tomato to reveal resistance mechanisms

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Abbas Saidi ◽  
Zahra Hajibarat ◽  
Zohreh Hajibarat
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Organic Substance ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Tata Box ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Cis Elements ◽  
Study Gene Expression

Tomato is considered as an important commercial crop and protective food and it’s yield is extremely affected by different pathogens. Such harmful pathogens severely affecting tomato include Phytophthora infestans (oomycete) and Colletotrichum coccodes (fungi). In this study, gene expression analysis was performed using the microarray datasets available in the public database to investigate differentially expressed genes DEGs under developmental and anatomy conditions and consequently constructing the predicted PPI (Protein-protein interaction) network. Here, a comparison of abundances revealed that 51 genes were differentially expressed due to oomycete and fungi stresses in tomato. Expression analysis revealed that Solyc06g007510.3 was up-regulated whereas Solyc05g008850.3 was down-regulated in all developmental stages and anatomy conditions to manage auxin metabolism under fungi and oomycete infections in tomato. The gene ontology included cellular metabolic and organic substance metabolic processes, cellular biosynthetic, organic substance biosynthetic, and cellular macromolecule metabolic process, chloroplast, intracellular membrane-bounded organelle, heterocyclic compound binding, organic cyclic compound binding, ion binding, binding, and catalytic activity. Analysis of cis-elements illustrated that 12 most general cis-regulatory elements (CATT-box, TATA-box, MYB, MYC, ABRE, G-box, Box 4, AAGAA-motif, MBS, as-1, TGACG-motif, and CGTCA-motif) were identified in promoter region. The highest frequency of cis-elements included CATT-box and TATA-box in response to the pathogens at different growth stages in tomato. Our findings can provide a better insight to the regulatory mechanisms involved in response to fungi and oomycete infection in tomato which can aid to improve the efficiency of developing tomato varieties.

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