scholarly journals Natural reforestation of Kuzbass dumps

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 00012
Author(s):  
Olga Klimova ◽  
Andrei Kupriyanov
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Invasion Species

We study the restoration of coal mining dumps through reforestation in the forest-steppe zone of Kuzbass. 3 main forest-forming species (Betula pendula, Pinus sylvestris and Populus tremula) and 11 accompanying tree species were involved in the formation of forest stands. The main forest-forming species was Betula pendula. The amount of renewal was found to be 10.7, 3.1 and 1.0 thousand pcs/ha in sites with favourable, moderate favourable and unfavourable environmental conditions, respectively. The level of natural reforestation on dumps in the southern forest-steppe zone can be described as weak. The renewal of the Acer negundo invasion species was determined by a continuous drift of seeds on the dumps; however, its seedlings and young undergrowth did not reach a generative age.

Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Composition of the Wood of Pinus sylvestris, Betula pendula and Populus tremula

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 819-824
Author(s):  
P. Yu. Voronin ◽  
V. A. Mukhin ◽  
T. A. Velivetskaya ◽  
A. V. Ignatiev ◽  
Vl. V. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope Composition

scholarly journals ФІТОТОКСИЧНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ ДЕЯКИХ ДЕРЕВНИХ РОСЛИН

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3(43)) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Мегалінська Г. П. ◽  
Пакірбаєва Л. В. ◽  
Білик Ж. І. ◽  
Даниленко Є. В. ◽  
Гатальська Є. О.
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Carpinus Betulus ◽  
Phytotoxic Activity

The results of the study of phytotoxic effects of water extracts from Pinus sylvestris L., Betula pendula Roth, Quercus robur L., Picea abies (L.) Karst. P. excelsa Link, Carpinus betulus L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Populus tremula L., Crataegus submollis L. are presented. For а comparison of the phytotoxic activity of the investigated plants was used to measure the change in the intensity of the mitotic division, depending on the concentration of aqueous extraction of plant material (tangent trend curve of cytostatic activity). According to this parameter, the following row of phytotoxic activity of wood species can be ordered: Populus tremula, Betula pendula, Robinia pseudoacacia, Carpinus betulus, Acer platanoides, Tilia cordata, Pinus sylvestris. Water extract Quercus robur and Picea abies have discovered a phyto-stimulating effect. The results of the study allow us to discuss the possibility of introducing the parameter of the phytotoxicity coefficient to determine the allelopathic effect in the tree-tree system.

scholarly journals Effect of climatic factors on forest succession in the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irek Singatullin ◽  
Zulfiya Khakimova ◽  
Vasily Chernov ◽  
Rustam Davletshin
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
Forested Area ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Forest Rehabilitation

The paper analyzes the effect of climatic factors on forest succession in the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Tatarstan. A reliable relationship was revealed between a decrease of the oak forested area and extremely low frosts in 1939–1940, 1941–1942 and 1978–1979, and a decrease in the area of birch after the 2010 drought. Birch and oak are replaced by maple, linden and aspen. Insignificant amount of young trees and the predominance of ripe and overripe plantations of oak and birch will lead to the continuation of forest succession in the forest-steppe zone. Impossibility of reverse succession at this stage by natural rehabilitation is associated with the biological characteristics of these species. Oak and birch forest rehabilitation is only possible with measures to promote natural or artificial regeneration with due regard to the biological characteristics of tree species.

scholarly journals Complex Geochemical Characteristics of Soils and Plants in Natural Reserve Zones of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-24
Author(s):  
N.O. Kryuchenko ◽  
◽  
Ya. Zhovinsky ◽  
P.S. Paparyga ◽  
O.A. Zhuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Mobile Forms

The results of a comprehensive analysis of the microelement composition of soils — B, Co, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Zn and plants — Ag, Co, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Zn (oak (Quercus robur L.), pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) perennial grasses — Kupena (Polygonatum multiflorum (L.) All.), wheatgrass (Elymus repens (L.) Gould)) of natural reserve belonging to different physical and geographical zones — Polessky reserve (mixed forest zone), Roztochya reserve (broad-leaved forest zone), Kanevsky reserve (forest-steppe zone), the reserve «Askania Nova» (steppe zone), the Chernogorsk massif of the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (KBR, Ukrainian Carpathians), which are proposed to be considered as background. It was found that in the soils of mixed and broad-leaved forests and the Chernogorsk massif KBR with an increase in the content of gross forms of Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, the content of their mobile forms increases, this dependence is inverse in the soils of the steppe zone, which is associated with a decrease in soil acidity and mobility microelements A positive correlation was revealed between the humus content in soils and Zn, Co (gross and mobile forms) and negative — B, Mo in the soils of all reserve zones. It was found that the greatest biogeochemical activity is characteristic of plants in the zone of deciduous forests — oak leaves (Quercus robur L.) and pine needles (Pinus sylvestris L.).

scholarly journals Polygon «Ural-carbon» (Severka)

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
С.В. Залесов ◽  
В.В. Фомин ◽  
Е.П. Платонов ◽  
Г.А. Годовалов ◽  
К.А. Башегуров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Southern Taiga Subzone ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Mature Stands

На основе баз данных лесорастительных материалов проанализированы таксационные показатели насаждений, произрастающих на территории карбонового научно-исследовательского по- лигона, расположенного в Уральском учебно-опытном лесхозе (УУОл) Уральского государственного лесотехнического университета (УГлТУ). Отмечается, что основными лесными формациями на поли- гоне являются сосняки и березняки. Доля насаждений с доминированием в составе древостоев других пород-лесообразователей невелика. Помимо сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.) и березы повислой (Betula pendula Roth.), другие виды произрастают, как правило, в примеси с указанными. Среди дре- востоев преобладают среднеполнотные спелые и перестойные насаждения. большинство древостоев характеризуется относительно высокими классами бонитета. Насаждения, произрастающие на террито- рии полигона, относятся к 13 типам леса, что свидетельствует о разнообразии лесорастительных усло- вий. В целом можно отметить, что видовое разнообразие древесных пород и лесорастительных условий на карбоновом научно-исследовательском полигоне УУОл УГлТУ обеспечивает возможность изучения широкого спектра вопросов депонирования углерода лесными экосистемами в условиях подзоны южной тайги Урала. The taxation indicators of plantations growing on the territory of the carbonic research polygon located in the Ural educational experimental forest enterorize (UEEF) of the Ural State Forest Engineering University were analyzed on the base of the forestry materials database. It is noted that the main forest formations on the polygons are pine and birch forest stands. The share of stands with other species of forest formers dominating in composition of forest stands is small. In addition to scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.), other species usually grow in admixtures with the specified. Among the stands mature and over mature stands of average density prevails. Most of the stands are characterized by relatively high bonitet classes. Plantations growing on the territory of the polygon belong to 13 types of forest, which indicates a variety of forest growing conditions. In general, it can be noted that the species diversity of tree species and forest growing conditions at the carboniferous research sity (UEEF) provides an opportunity to study a wide range of problems of carbon deposing forest ecosystems in conditions of the Southern Taiga subzone in the Urals.

scholarly journals Influence of climatic conditions on productivity and adaptability of Camelina sativa

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
E L Turina ◽  
T Ya Prakhova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The Crimea

The purpose of the research is to assess the productivity and adaptability of Camelina sativa depending on the natural and climatic conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region and the steppe Crimea. The researches were conducted in two regions (Penza and Crimea) with contrasting hydrothermal conditions in 2015–2019 years. Climate conditions in the years of researches were characterized by significant variability in both the degree of humidity and temperature regime in both regions. The hydrothermal coefficient in the Crimea varied in the range of 0.23–1.11, in the conditions of Penza - from 0.45 to 1.10. The index of environmental conditions varied from -0.58 to 1.28 units depending on the natural and climatic zone. On average, in 2015–2019, the productivity of Camelina changed from 1.45 to 1.79 t/ha in Penza and from 0.56 to 1.66 t/ha in Crimea. The highest yield of Camelina sativa was recorded in 2016 in Penza and in 2017 in the Crimea and amounted to 1.79 and 1.66 t/ha, respectively. The value of the index of environmental conditions is 1.17 and 1.28 with hydrothermal coefficient of 0.82 and 0.61, respectively. Depending on the conditions of the year and the region, the oil content varied from 33.9 to 43.9 %. At the same time, there is a tendency to decrease the amount of oil for all years of study in the direction from the Crimea to the zone of the Penza region. Camelina sativa is characterized by a high level of resistance to stressful conditions (0.49– 1.10), differs in environmental adaptability (bi=1.15–1.17), has a high fitness criterion, 41.2–41.5 g/m2, depending on the region.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL PLASTICITY OF SPRING OATS IN THE CONDITIONS OF WESTERN SIBERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
M. A. Kozyrenko ◽  
V. N. Pakul ◽  
D. E. Androsov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Plasticity ◽  
The Usa

The works presents the results of studying 165 specimen of spring oats from the world collection The N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. The research was conducted in the northern forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia in 2014-2016. The soil on which the research was done can be characterized as leached chernozem, heavy loam by texture and particle size distribution, of medium capacity. The content of humus equals 7.8%, reaction of soil solution is close to neutral, рН is 6.0. In the horizon of 0-40 cm the content of N-NO3 is 35.4mg/kg, P2O5 – 122 mg/kg, K2O – 98 mg/kg. An assessment is given to spring oat specimen by the parameters of ecological plasticity bi and yield stability Si2 . The research was conducted in the conditions characterized in accordance with the index of environmental conditions Ij. The most favourable conditions developed in 2016, when the environment index Ij equaled 109.2. Adverse conditions were identifi ed in 2014, when Ij equaled -46.25, and in 2015, when Ij equaled -62.99. By the results of the dispersion analysis the dominating infl uence of environmental conditions on the yield of spring oat specimen is established at 85.3%, the share of genotype infl uence is 2.6%. Eight specimen of spring oats proved to exceed Creole standard variety by yield with the trait variability being from 29.3% to 87.1%. Sources for creation of intensive type varieties, with high responsiveness to favorable conditions for growth and development are identifi ed: IL 86-1158 (to 14316, the USA), Jumbo (to 14702, Germany), Hamilton (to 14761, the USA), Talisman (to 14785, Russia), Omikho (to 14827, Russia), OA 269 (to 14992, Canada), Stayer (to 15181, Russia), Eclipse (to 15187, Russia). High-yielding genotypes which react to environmental conditions to a medium degree (bi is nearing a unit), and have high yield stability (Si2 is nearing zero) are defi ned, namely Express (to 14505, Russia), bi = 1.04, Si2 = 0.053, Yubilyar (to 14723, Belarus), bi = 0.92, Si2 = 0.070, C.I. 7321 (to 14737, the USA), bi = 1.09, Si2 = 0.076, Vallntin (to 15189, Slovakia), bi = 1.13, Si2 = 0.050, CDC Bell (to 14805, Canada), bi = 0.62, Si2 = 0.0065.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of successional processes taking place in artificial phytocenoses on the Kuzbass coal mining dumps

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 00015
Author(s):  
Tatiana Lamanova ◽  
Natalia Sheremet ◽  
Vladimir Doronkin
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Kuznetsk Basin ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Arrhenatherum Elatius ◽  
Zonal Soils

The article presents results of the long-term studies of the structure and production of agrophytocenoses, established on the coal mining dumps in the Kuznetsk basin forest steppe zone. Agrophytocenoses were established on the leveled dumps by seeding grasses and legumes. Another set of control agrophytocenoses was established by the same technic on zonal soil. Seeds were provided by the laboratories of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS, Novosibirsk. After 30 yrs of observations it was found that agrophytocenoses on the coal mining dumps did not have initial stage, as well as stage of spontaneous species invasion. Elimination of Trifolium pratense and Arrhenatherum elatius from coal mining dumps phytocenoses took place 3-4 yrs later than from agrophytocenoses on zonal soils. Species did not eliminate totally, but remained in communities with increased or decreased relative abundances. Significant number of species displayed fluctuation, rather than succession in course of 30 yrs development on the coal mining dumps. These phytocenoses It was also found that agrophytocenoses on the coal mining dumps have high long-term production potential.

On the insect fauna of dead wood at the early stage of decay

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Э. Хумала ◽  
М.Ю. Мандельштам ◽  
Н.Б. Никитский ◽  
А.В. Полевой
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Trunk Diameter

Мертвая древесина является основным местообитанием для огромного числа лесных видов насекомых, которые используют ее как пищу, субстрат для развития или временное убежище, одновременно участвуя в ее разложении. Видовой состав комплекса насекомых-разрушителей древесины в бореальной зоне довольно хорошо изучен, но до сих пор значительная часть типичных лесных групп представлена видами, биология и пищевая специализация которых изучены недостаточно. В 2015 г. нами исследована фауна насекомых на валеже текущего года трех пород деревьев: береза (Betula pendula), осина (Populus tremula) и ель (Picea abies x fennica). Исследования проводились в заповеднике «Кивач» (Республика Карелия) с использованием специализированных ловушек – стволовых эклекторов. В сборах идентифицировано 107 видов насекомых из 34 семейств отрядов Coleoptera, Hymenoptera и Diptera. Видовое разнообразие сильно варьировало на различных стволах, не зависело от породы и типа отпада (ветровал/бурелом), но имело тенденцию к росту с увеличением диаметра ствола. Видовой состав был довольно специфичен на всех породах, но достоверно отличался только на ели. Анализ распределения видов насекомых на стволах выявил несколько их ассоциаций как на березе, так и на ели, что позволяет говорить о совместной встречаемости некоторых видов (не связанных друг с другом прямыми трофическими связями), а возможно и о существовании более тесных связей между ними. Отмечен ряд видов, редко встречающихся в Фенноскандии, а также ранее не регистрировавшихся в Карелии. Приводится список видов, для которых удалось выявить не известные ранее особенности биологии, а также видов, находки которых интересны в фаунистическом плане. Dead wood is the main habitat for a large number of forest-dwelling insects that use it as a food source, development substrate, or temporary shelter, simultaneously contributing to its disintegration. Species composition of wood-inhabiting insects is well studied in the boreal zone, however a significant part of the typical forest-living groups is represented by species with poorly studied biology and trophic relationships. In 2015, we studied insect fauna on freshly fallen trees of birch (Betula pendula), aspen (Populus tremula) and spruce (Picea abies x fennica). The studies were conducted in the Nature Reserve Kivach (Republic of Karelia) using specially designed trunk emergence traps. Altogether, 107 species, representing 34 families of Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera were identified. Species diversity varied significantly on different trunks. It did not depend on the tree species or a type of strap (windfall/windbreak), but tended to increase with increasing trunk diameter. The species composition of insects was quite distinctive on different tree species, but differed significantly only on spruce. Analysis of the species distribution revealed several associations on birch and spruce, which suggests at least co-occurrence of some insect species (not assuming direct trophic link) and possibly existence of a closer relationships between them. The range remarkable of species has been observed, including rare representatives of Fennoscandian fauna and species not registered before in the Republic of Karelia. We provide a selective list of species with notes on previously unknown ecological peculiarities, as well as species that represent valuable faunistic findings.

PRODUCTIVITY OF STANDS AND EVALUATION OF NATURAL RESTORATION IN COASTAL FORESTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ульданова ◽  
Railya Uldanova ◽  
Сабиров ◽  
Ayrat Sabirov
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Coastal Forests ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Insufficient Amount ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Coniferous Ecosystems

Taxation characteristics of stands of coastal forest ecosystem of the Volga region of the Republic of Tatarstan. The generally accepted methods of a research in forest taxation, constant and the temporary trial areas. The researched forest formations: oak, lime, birch, maple, willow, pine, larch. High productivity of pine (Ia-I quality class) and larch (Ia-I), lime (I-II) and birch (Ia-II) plantings. Age of forest stands of a pine - 50-80 years, larches - 48-54 years, lindens - 43-90 years, birches - 33-60 years. Distribution of trees of the prevailing breeds on thickness steps. Statistics of distribution of trees. Differentiation of trees in forest stands (V=19-37%). In plantings a frequent subgrowth of a pine and maple. The insufficient number of subgrowth in the coastal woods. Reasons of weak natural reforestation: the initial stage of forest regeneration process in young plantings; quite powerful forest laying in coniferous ecosystems; distribution of developed heavy sod in birch forests; insufficient amount of light under bed lime phytocenosis, the use of seeds of forest forming breeds by forest fauna; pasturage of the cattle in plantings, adjacent to settlements; the raised recreational load of forest ecosystems; the adverse climatic factors in a forest-steppe zone influencing development of shoots of tree species.

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