scholarly journals A second level of the Saint Petersburg skyline

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 01027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Krasnopolsky ◽  
Sergey Bolotin

The article considers the history of the residential development in Saint Petersburg and states corresponding landmark dates. In recent years, changes in the altitude range of the residential development are noted, the influence of this factor on the formation of the city’s silhouette is assessed. Reasons for such changes are identified. Attractiveness of high-rise residential complexes for living is assessed. Conclusions are made of tendencies in further housing construction development in terms of its altitude range. It is noted that it is possible to locate multi-storied buildings in the periphery of the city, taking into account specific visual characteristics of the construction site and silhouette of erected buildings; as for central districts, strict regulations regarding the altitude range are needed.

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 01008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Sementsov ◽  
Nadezhda Akulova ◽  
Severina Kurakina

Regularities of high-rise construction (implemented projects and developments) in Saint Petersburg and the Saint Petersburg agglomeration since the foundation of the city in 1703 till the 1950s are considered. Based on these regularities, a single spatially developed system of vertical dominants is formed. High-rise construction in the city and its suburbs started in the 1710s and continues up to the present time. In the considered decades (1703–1950s), high-rise construction mostly performed urban-planning functions (with vertical and symbolic dominants), relying on patterns of the visual perception of man-made landscapes under development. Since the 1710s, the construction of vertical dominants (mainly temples, spires of towers, lighthouses, etc.) of five ranks (depending on the altitude range and in relation to the background development) was conducted in territories of the entire agglomeration. These dominants were arranged in landscapes of the city and suburbs with almost mathematically precise accuracy and according to special regulations. Such dominants obtained particular descriptive and silhouette characteristics in accordance with the conditions of spatial perception. In some periods of city development, attempts were made to create monuments (symbolic dominants) of specific height and include those in the spatial system of high-rise dominants as significant elements of the city silhouette.


2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 01004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Kopeva ◽  
Olga Ivanova ◽  
Olga Khrapko

The purpose of this study is to identify the facilities of green infrastructure that are able to improve living conditions in an urban environment in high-rise residential apartments buildings on steep slopes in the city of Vladivostok. Based on the analysis of theoretical sources and practices that can be observed in the world, green infrastructure facilities have been identified. These facilities meet the criteria of the sustainable development concept, and can be used in the city of Vladivostok. They include green roofs, green walls, and greening of disturbed slopes. All the existing high-rise apartments buildings situated on steep slopes in the city of Vladivostok, have been studied. It is concluded that green infrastructure is necessary to be used in new projects connected with designing and constructing of residential apartments buildings on steep slopes, as well as when upgrading the projects that have already been implemented. That will help to regulate the ecological characteristics of the sites. The results of the research can become a basis for increasing the sustainability of the habitat, and will facilitate the adoption of decisions in the field of urban design and planning.


2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 02041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Popova ◽  
Julia Glebova ◽  
Irina Karakozova

The article presents the results of a complex experimental-analytical research of residential development energy parameters - survey of construction sites and determination of calculated energy parameters (resistance to heat transfer) considering their technical condition. The authors suggest a methodology for assessing residential development energy parameters on the basis of construction project’s structural analysis with the use of advanced intelligent collection systems, processing (self-organizing maps - SOM) and data visualization (geo-informational systems - GIS). SOM clustering permitted to divide the housing stock (on the example of Arkhangelsk city) into groups with similar technical-operational and energy parameters. It is also possible to measure energy parameters of construction project of each cluster by comparing them with reference (normative) measures and also with each other. The authors propose mechanisms for increasing the area’s energy stability level by implementing a set of reproduction activities for residential development of various groups. The analysis showed that modern multilevel and high-rise construction buildings have the least heat losses. At present, however, ow-rise wood buildings is the dominant styles of buildings of Arkhangelsk city. Data visualisation on the created heat map showed that such housing stock covers the largest urban area. The development strategies for depressed areas is in a high-rise building, which show the economic, social and environmental benefits of upward growth of the city. An urban regeneration programme for severely rundown urban housing estates is in a high-rise construction building, which show the economic, social and environmental benefits of upward growth of the city.


2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUAN A. SUÁREZ

Reputedly, painter Charles Sheeler and photographer Paul Strand's Manhatta is the first significant title in the history of American avant-garde cinema. It is a seven-minute portrait of New York City and focuses on those features which make the city a modern megalopolis – the traffic, the crowds, the high-rise buildings, the engineering wonders, and the speed and dynamism of street life. The film strives to capture rhythmic and graphic patterns in the movements and shapes of cranes, trains, automobiles, boats, steam shovels, suspension bridges, and skyscrapers. Due to the dominance of technology, the entire urban landscape appears in the film as a machine-like aggregate of static and moving parts independent from human intention.


2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 01006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Matovnikov ◽  
Natalia Matovnikova ◽  
Polina Samoylenko

The paper considers the issues of designing a modern courtyard space for high-rise buildings in Volgograd to obtain a multifunctional environment through the arrangement of new recreational territories and the search of innovative planning methods for urban landscape design. In professionals’ opinion, the problem concerning the design and construction of recreational zones and greenery planting is very acute for Volgograd, such territories are often absent in many districts of the city. Generally, the decrease in the natural component and a low level of recreational territories improvement are typical for Volgograd. In addition, the problem of designing a modern urban courtyard space for high-rise buildings to obtain a multi-functional environment exists and requires a thorough investigation. The question is if there is a possibility to solve these difficult tasks by means of local design methods only or whether there should be a complex approach at the stage of the formation of master plans for modern residential areas and which modern design methods can ensure the creation of a courtyard space as a multi-functional environment. These questions as well as some other ones will be the topic of our paper.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Oleg Korol ◽  
Anastasija Guravleva

A multi-criteria assessment of the choice of a rational option for the construction of low-rise residential buildings, taking into account energy consumption on the construction site, was carried out. The structure of energy consumption in the construction of low-rise and high-rise housing, as well as a comparison of the specific consumption of energy resources in the construction of complex low rise and multi-storey monolithic residential building.


2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Vladimir Vsevolodovich Brzheskiy ◽  
O. V Konikova

The history of pediatric ophthalmology in Saint Petersburg dates back to the opening of the city children’s hospital “in memory of the sacred coronation of their Imperil Majesties” under the patronage of Nikolas II, Emperor of Russia, in 1905. Based at this facility, the Russia’s first department of pediatric ophthalmology was founded in 1935 to be affiliated with Leningrad Pediatric Medical Institute. The department was successively headed by professors V.V. Chirkovsky, L.A. Dymshits, V.I. Grigor’eva, A.I. Gorban’, and E.E. Somov. The present head of the department is professor V.V. Brzheskiy. One more department of pediatric ophthalmology was opened in 1983 based at the Leningrad Institute of Advanced Medical Training. It was successively headed by the associate professor V.V. Kolotov, professors S.S. Saporovsky and R.L. Troyanovsky, E.I. Saidasheva, d-r med. sci. At present, an extensive network of children’s clinics and specialized kindergartens for the children suffering from visual impairment successfully operates in Saint-Petersburg, besides two schools for the blind and visually impaired children, the eye diagnostic centre for the children and adults, and three pediatric ophthalmological hospitals. The city pediatric ophthalmology service is headed by R.V. Ershova. N.N. Sadovnikova is in charge of the Ophthalmological Department of the Clinic of Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University. The Ophthalmological Department of K.A. Raukhfus municipal city hospital No 19 is headed by A.V. Baranov, PhD, and the Department of Eye Microsurgery at the Leningrad regional Children’s Clinical Hospital by O.V. Diskalenko. The present-day clinical, scientific, and educational potential of the Saint-Petersburg pediatric ophthalmological community formed at the base of many-year experience of the preceding generations of physicians continues to further increase which creates conditions for the formulation and successful achievement of the new ambitious goals.


2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 01038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Mottaeva ◽  
Alexander Zheltenkov

That is obviously for experts, irrespective of status or quality, high-rise housing is here to stay. No country is in a position to ignore or discard this conspicuous legacy of the post-war and mass housing period. Nevertheless, high-rise residential buildings are still less widespread, than offices. According to the author, there are certain problems and reasons for limitation of high-rise construction in the housing sector. The author summarizes successful experience of high-rise housing construction in the world and considers some social-and-economic prerequisites of its development in the modern city. These concrete examples, given in article, prove that the existing problems are being solved. The most effective option of construction is the combination of inhabited and commercial chambers in the high-rise building and also the creation of specific infrastructure. In that case housing high-rise estates will promote the increase in investment attractiveness and investment activity in the district and in the city as whole.


2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-398
Author(s):  
Gábor Gyóni

Novgorod the Great occupies an important place in Russian history and historiography. The so-called democratic structure of Novgorod had been idealized by Russian writers, but the fact that Novgorod was captured by Moscow was simultaneously considered to be a progressive development. R. G. Skrynnikov studied the history of Novgorod at the beginning of his career. He believed that pomest’e estates arose in the Novgorod region as a result of Moscow’s agression. As for Ivan IV’s terror against the city, Skrynnikov thought it was primarily a campaign against the democratic traditions of Novgorodian people. Skrynnikov was a representative of the Saint-Petersburg school of history characterized by anthropocentrism, esteem for sources, and historiography without political ideology.


2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 05013
Author(s):  
Oleg Fedorov ◽  
Yury Lobanov

The present study is aimed to identify influence of Lakhta-Center visibility by means of photofixation results' analysis and their comparison with the results of the landscape and visual analysis performed by the Saint Petersburg Regional Committee of the International Council on Monuments and Sights (ICOMOS), report on research of Lakhta-Center high-rise dominant visibility influence on Saint Petersburg protected panoramas (2012), and assessment analysis of requested deviations' influence on formation of compositional and environmental characteristics of the urban environment based on a 3D reference model of the Saint Petersburg territory (2011). The study is supported by actual photos of cityscapes, thus, allowing assessing the situation reasonably and rationally. The performed work resulted in graphic materials, including photos and maps with reviews and classification of Lakhta-Center visibility upon perception of the main city panoramas from the tourist route combining the most popular sights of the city.


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