scholarly journals Assessment of medium parameters in a closed space for a Hyperloop transport capsule with reference to reducing the energy demand of a transport system

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 01032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Nowacki ◽  
Damian Olejniczak ◽  
Jarosław Markowski
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Numerical Tools

The increasing transport needs of societies are prompting manufacturers and inventors to seek new ways to satisfy them which are closely related to the development of new transport systems and means of transport. The current level of technological and social systems imposes limits on the implementation of new concepts which combine the advantages of existing systems currently functioning as separate entities. Combining the advantages of rail transport with the characteristics of air transport gave rise to the concept of a new transport system called Hyperloop, whose main purpose is to create a transport network combining the advantages of air and rail transport with low operating costs. The project assumes a pipeline structure and a transport capsule that moves inside its channels. To obtain high-velocity capsules, it is assumed that the pressure in the pipeline will be reduced, which will reduce in turn the losses resulting from the resistance of the moving capsule. Most means of transport in current use involve motion in open space. The proposed Hyperloop system involves different problems concerning the movement of the capsule as a means of transport within the confined space of the pipeline. These problems require specific analysis of conditions inside the system which depend on the velocity and shape of the capsule. These issues can be addressed using currently available numerical tools. An attempt to assess the phenomena associated with the flow of the capsule, using an important factor found in the pipeline space, was undertaken in the analyses conducted here. The study involved determination of the force acting on the nose of the capsule, an important component of its resistance to movement. The results and analyses were used to evaluate the differences in energy demand between two compared structures. On the basis of these results, conclusions were drawn regarding the directions for further modifications of the shape of the capsule aimed at reducing the energy demand necessary for its propulsion.

scholarly journals Determining the Extent of Territorial Transport Services When Using Rail Transport

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
Milan Dedík ◽  
Jozef Gašparík ◽  
Nikolina Brnjac
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Service ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Efficient Transport ◽  
Transport Potential

Abstract Planning the extent of transport services within a selected territory is a topical issue especially in the context of developing integrated transport systems. The objective of this research study is to design a sustainable system of public passenger transport that would be an alternative to expanding individual transport. The implementation of a quality and efficient transport service is a relatively complex process, since, currently, there are no generally applicable principles for its design. This manuscript presents general results of research aimed at solving the problem of transport service within a selected territory issue with a focus on rail transport as an efficient transport system representing a backbone of a transport system. The subject of the investigation is to compile a set of factors affecting the design of the transport concept. The output of the manuscript consists in a proposal of a generally applicable procedure including a calculation of transport potential and characteristics of the inputs. Subsequently, based on the resulting values, it will be possible to determine the extent of the transport services provided by rail transport in any territory, which will contribute to a more efficient and high quality theoretical graph of train running.

scholarly journals Data-Driven Analysis of Bicycle Sharing Systems as Public Transport Systems Based on a Trip Index Classification

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4315
Author(s):  
Mark Richard Wilby ◽  
Juan José Vinagre Díaz ◽  
Rubén Fernández Pozo ◽  
Ana Belén Rodríguez González ◽  
José Manuel Vassallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
The Public ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Last Mile

Bicycle Sharing Systems (BSSs) are exponentially increasing in the urban mobility sector. They are traditionally conceived as a last-mile complement to the public transport system. In this paper, we demonstrate that BSSs can be seen as a public transport system in their own right. To do so, we build a mathematical framework for the classification of BSS trips. Using trajectory information, we create the trip index, which characterizes the intrinsic purpose of the use of BSS as transport or leisure. The construction of the trip index required a specific analysis of the BSS shortest path, which cannot be directly calculated from the topology of the network given that cyclists can find shortcuts through traffic lights, pedestrian crossings, etc. to reduce the overall traveled distance. Adding a layer of complication to the problem, these shortcuts have a non-trivial existence in terms of being intermittent, or short lived. We applied the proposed methodology to empirical data from BiciMAD, the public BSS in Madrid (Spain). The obtained results show that the trip index correctly determines transport and leisure categories, which exhibit distinct statistical and operational features. Finally, we inferred the underlying BSS public transport network and show the fundamental trajectories traveled by users. Based on this analysis, we conclude that 90.60% of BiciMAD’s use fall in the category of transport, which demonstrates our first statement.

Role of a switch point mechanism/switch point assembly in a transport system

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 277-284
Author(s):  
Jakub Młyńczak
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Switch Point ◽  
Railway Engineering ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
The Impact

The contemporary literature of the subject lacks explicit determination of the role performed in rail transport systems by certain major components and assemblies used in rail transportation. One typically perceives the technical solutions applied in railway engineering as an entire body of solutions or as a subsystem, without properly emphasising the impact of defects on the operating efficiency of the rail transport system and without the due regard to safety in this domain of transport. The switch point mechanism/switch point assembly is an important component of a rail transport system. This article is an attempt to identify the role and importance of this assembly in a rail transport system.

scholarly journals Integrated Approach for the Assessment of Strategies for the Decarbonization of Urban Traffic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 839
Author(s):  
Dietmar Göhlich ◽  
Kai Nagel ◽  
Anne Magdalene Syré ◽  
Alexander Grahle ◽  
Kai Martins-Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
System Cost

This paper presents a new methodology to derive and analyze strategies for a fully decarbonized urban transport system which combines conceptual vehicle design, a large-scale agent-based transport simulation, operational cost analysis, and life cycle assessment for a complete urban region. The holistic approach evaluates technical feasibility, system cost, energy demand, transportation time, and sustainability-related impacts of various decarbonization strategies. In contrast to previous work, the consequences of a transformation to fully decarbonized transport system scenarios are quantified across all traffic segments, considering procurement, operation, and disposal. The methodology can be applied to arbitrary regions and transport systems. Here, the metropolitan region of Berlin is chosen as a demonstration case. The first results are shown for a complete conversion of all traffic segments from conventional propulsion technology to battery electric vehicles. The transition of private individual traffic is analyzed regarding technical feasibility, energy demand and environmental impact. Commercial goods, municipal traffic and public transport are analyzed with respect to system cost and environmental impacts. We can show a feasible transition path for all cases with substantially lower greenhouse gas emissions. Based on current technologies and today’s cost structures our simulation shows a moderate increase in total systems cost of 13–18%.

An introduction to China's rail transport Part 2: Urban rail transit systems, highway transport and the reform of China's railways

2002 ◽  
Vol 216 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Xue ◽  
F Schmid ◽  
R. A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
Railway Industry ◽  
Transport Part

In this paper, an introduction is provided to some of the components of China's transport system. The authors include the urban rail transit systems, the highway transport systems and its competition for China's railways and the reform of China's railway industry. This is the second of two papers on the situation of rail transport in China.

scholarly journals Integrated Approach for the Assessment of Strategies for the Decarbonization of Urban Traffic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Göhlich ◽  
Kai Nagel ◽  
Anne Magdalene Syré ◽  
Alexander Grahle ◽  
Kai Martins-Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
System Cost

This paper presents a new methodology to derive and analyze strategies for a fully decarbonized urban transport system which combines conceptual vehicle design, a large-scale agent-based transport simulation, operational cost analysis, and life cycle assessment for a complete urban region. The holistic approach evaluates technical feasibility, system cost, energy demand, transportation time and sustainability-related impacts of various decarbonization strategies. In contrast to previous work, the consequences of a transformation to fully decarbonized transport system scenarios are quantified across all traffic segments, considering procurement, operation and disposal. The methodology can be applied to arbitrary regions and transport systems. Here, the metropolitan region of Berlin is chosen as a demonstration case. First results are shown for a complete conversion of all traffic segments from conventional propulsion technology to battery electric vehicles. The transition of private individual traffic is analyzed regarding technical feasibility, energy demand and environmental impact. Commercial goods, municipal traffic and public transport are analyzed with respect to system cost and environmental impacts. We can show a feasible transition path for all cases with substantially lower greenhouse gas emissions. Based on current technologies and today’s cost structures our simulation shows a moderate increase in total systems cost of 13-18%.

scholarly journals A GIS-Based Methodology for Evaluating the Increase in Multimodal Transport between Bicycle and Rail Transport Systems. A Case Study in Palermo

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Alessandro Emilio Capodici ◽  
Gabriele D’Orso ◽  
Marco Migliore
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Modal Choice ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Multimodal Transport

Background: In a world where every municipality is pursuing the goals of more sustainable mobility, bicycles play a fundamental role in getting rid of private cars and travelling by an eco-friendly mode of transport. Additionally, private and shared bikes can be used as a feeder transit system, solving the problem of the first- and last-mile trips. Thanks to GIS (Geographic Information System) software, it is possible to evaluate the effectiveness of such a sustainable means of transport in future users’ modal choice. Methods: Running an accessibility analysis of cycling and rail transport services, the potential mobility demand attracted by these services and the possible multimodality between bicycle and rail transport systems can be assessed. Moreover, thanks to a modal choice model calibrated for high school students, it could be verified if students will be really motivated to adopt this solution for their home-to-school trips. Results: The GIS-based analysis showed that almost half of the active population in the study area might potentially abandon the use of their private car in favour of a bike and its combination with public transport systems; furthermore, the percentage of the students of one high school of Palermo, the Einstein High School, sharply increases from 1.5% up to 10.1%, thanks also to the combination with the rail transport service. Conclusions: The GIS-based methodology shows that multimodal transport can be an effective way to pursue a more sustainable mobility in cities and efficiently connect suburbs with low-frequent public transport services to the main public transport nodes.

scholarly journals Condition Monitoring of Rail Transport Systems: A Bibliometric Performance Analysis and Systematic Literature Review

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4710
Author(s):  
Mariusz Kostrzewski ◽  
Rafał Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Rail Systems

Condition monitoring of rail transport systems has become a phenomenon of global interest over the past half a century. The approaches to condition monitoring of various rail transport systems—especially in the context of rail vehicle subsystem and track subsystem monitoring—have been evolving, and have become equally significant and challenging. The evolution of the approaches applied to rail systems’ condition monitoring has followed manual maintenance, through methods connected to the application of sensors, up to the currently discussed methods and techniques focused on the mutual use of automation, data processing, and exchange. The aim of this paper is to provide an essential overview of the academic research on the condition monitoring of rail transport systems. This paper reviews existing literature in order to present an up-to-date, content-based analysis based on a coupled methodology consisting of bibliometric performance analysis and systematic literature review. This combination of literature review approaches allows the authors to focus on the identification of the most influential contributors to the advances in research in the analyzed area of interest, and the most influential and prominent researchers, journals, and papers. These findings have led the authors to specify research trends related to the analyzed area, and additionally identify future research agendas in the investigation from engineering perspectives.

Task parameters affecting human physical ability and willingness to lift: An ecological approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Waldemar Karwowski ◽  
Krystyna Gielo-Perczak ◽  
David Moxley ◽  
David Rodrick
Keyword(s):  
Material Handling ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Physical Ability ◽  
Black Boxes ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Task Parameters ◽  
Ability And Willingness

The objective of this study was to analyze human perception of load heaviness in manual material handling tasks under varying task parameters taking into consideration participants' physical ability and willingness to lift loads. These conditions were: 1) box color, 2) instruction set, and 3) space confinement. The effect of each parameter on the maximum acceptable weight that people are willing to lift was investigated. This study showed that the box color significantly affects a participant's perception of weight. The average maximum acceptable weight participants were willing to lift was higher for the black boxes than for the white boxes in both open and constrained spaces. When using the white boxes, the maximum acceptable weight participants were willing to lift was smaller in the confined space than in the open space. This study introduces an ecological approach to manual handling tasks and proposes the paradigm of maximum acceptable weight of load (MAWL) to the maximum loads that people perceive they are able and willing to lift (MLWL).

Heave Induced Internal Flow Fluctuations in Vertical Transport Systems for Deep Ocean Mining

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan D. A. Hannot ◽  
Jort M. van Wijk
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Vertical Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Ship Motions ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Mining System ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Ocean Mining

Deep ocean mining systems will have to operate often in harsh weather conditions with heavy sea states. A typical mining system consists of a Mining Support Vessel (MSV) with a Vertical Transport System (VTS) attached to it. The transport system is a pump pipeline system using centrifugal pumps. The heave motions of the ship are transferred to the pump system due to the riser-ship coupling. Ship motions thus will have a significant influence on the internal flow in the VTS. In this paper, the influence of heave motions on the internal flow in the VTS for a typical mining system for Seafloor Massive Sulfide (SMS) deposits in Papua New Guinea is analyzed. Data on the wave climate in the PNG region is used to compute the ship motions of a coupled MSV-VTS. The ship motions then are translated into forces acting on the internal flow in order to compute fluctuations in the internal flow. In this way, the workability of the mining system with respect to the system’s production can be assessed. Based on a detailed analysis of the internal flow in relation to ship motions, the relevance of a coupled analysis for the design of VTS is made clear. This paper provides a method for performing such analyses.

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