scholarly journals Issues of photovoltaic installation size choice for a hard coal mine

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Sylwester Kaczmarzewski ◽  
Piotr Olczak ◽  
Artur Halbina
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Upper Silesian Coal Basin ◽  
Hourly Data ◽  
Hard Coal Mining ◽  
Demand Coverage

Poland is the leader in hard coal mining in the European Union and in generation of electricity on this basis, it is related also to low generation of energy from renewable energy sources, in particular photovoltaic installations. The paper analyses the potential of PV installations application for the needs of a selected hard coal mine from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. Using the hourly data on its electricity consumption in 2018 various sizes of PV installations were selected, a simple payback period was calculated as well as the percentage of energy from the installation use for the current mine operations. It has been shown that in the case of a mine, having available 20 MW of ordered power and average consumption of approx. 14 MW, an installation of 20 MWp rating covers approx. 15% of the electricity demand per year, while for 1 o’clock p.m., i.e. the hour at which most frequently the peak consumption occurred, the share in electricity demand coverage by the PV installation of this power on average amounts to approx. 50% per year.

scholarly journals Investigating Theoretical PV Energy Generation Patterns with Their Relation to the Power Load Curve in Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Jurasz ◽  
Jerzy Mikulik
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Fuel Feed ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Gross Energy

Polish energy sector is (almost from its origin) dominated by fossil fuel feed power. This situation results from an abundance of relatively cheap coal (hard and lignite). Brown coal due to its nature is the cheapest energy source in Poland. However, hard coal which fuels 60% of polish power plants is picking up on prices and is susceptible to the coal imported from neighboring countries. Forced by the European Union (EU) regulations, Poland is struggling at achieving its goal of reaching 15% of energy consumption from renewable energy sources (RES) by 2020. Over the year 2015, RES covered 11.3% of gross energy consumption but this generation was dominated by solid biomass (over 80%). The aim of this paper was to answer the following research questions: What is the relation of irradiation values to the power load on a yearly and daily basis? and how should photovoltaics (PV) be integrated in the polish power system? Conducted analysis allowed us to state that there exists a negative correlation between power demand and irradiation values on a yearly basis, but this is likely to change in the future. Secondly, on average, daily values of irradiation tend to follow power load curve over the first hours of the day.

scholarly journals Quantifying CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from hard coal mines using mobile sun-viewing Fourier transform spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 5217-5230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Luther ◽  
Ralph Kleinschek ◽  
Leon Scheidweiler ◽  
Sara Defratyka ◽  
Mila Stanisavljevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Mine Ventilation ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometry ◽  
Relative Errors

Abstract. Methane (CH4) emissions from coal production amount to roughly one-third of European anthropogenic CH4 emissions in the atmosphere. Poland is the largest hard coal producer in the European Union with the Polish side of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) as the main part of it. Emission estimates for CH4 from the USCB for individual coal mine ventilation shafts range between 0.03 and 20 kt a−1, amounting to a basin total of roughly 440 kt a−1 according to the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR, http://prtr.ec.europa.eu/, 2014). We mounted a ground-based, portable, sun-viewing FTS (Fourier transform spectrometer) on a truck for sampling coal mine ventilation plumes by driving cross-sectional stop-and-go patterns at 1 to 3 km from the exhaust shafts. Several of these transects allowed for estimation of CH4 emissions based on the observed enhancements of the column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of methane (XCH4) using a mass balance approach. Our resulting emission estimates range from 6±1 kt a−1 for a single shaft up to 109±33 kt a−1 for a subregion of the USCB, which is in broad agreement with the E-PRTR reports. Three wind lidars were deployed in the larger USCB region providing ancillary information about spatial and temporal variability of wind and turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer. Sensitivity studies show that, despite drawing from the three wind lidars, the uncertainty of the local wind dominates the uncertainty of the emission estimates, by far exceeding errors related to the XCH4 measurements themselves. Wind-related relative errors on the emission estimates typically amount to 20 %.

scholarly journals Cost-Benefit Analysis of Small-Scale Rooftop PV Systems: The Case of Dragotin, Croatia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9318
Author(s):  
Mladen Bošnjaković ◽  
Ante Čikić ◽  
Boris Zlatunić
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Hourly Data ◽  
Daily Load

A large drop in prices of photovoltaic (PV) equipment, an increase in electricity prices, and increasing environmental pressure to use renewable energy sources that pollute the environment significantly less than the use of fossil fuels have led to a large increase in installed roof PV capacity in many parts of the world. In this context, this paper aims to analyze the cost-effectiveness of installing PV systems in the rural continental part of Croatia on existing family houses. A typical example is a house in Dragotin, Croatia with an annual consumption of 4211.70 kWh of electricity on which PV panels are placed facing south under the optimal slope. The calculation of the optimal size of a PV power plant with a capacity of 3.6 kW, without battery energy storage, was performed by the Homer program. The daily load curve was obtained by measuring the electricity consumption at the facility every hour during a characteristic day in the month of June. As most of the activities are related to electricity consumption, repeating during most days of the year, and taking into account seasonal activities, daily load curves were made for a characteristic day in each month of the year. Taking into account the insolation for the specified location, using the Internet platform Solargis Prospect, hourly data on the electricity production of selected PV modules for a characteristic day in each month were obtained. Based on the previous data, the electricity injected into the grid and taken from the grid was calculated. Taking into account the current tariffs for the sale and purchase of electricity, investment prices, and maintenance of equipment, the analysis shows that such a PV system can pay off in 10.5 years without government incentives.

scholarly journals Coordinate Transformation Using the Author’s Software in GIS Class System – Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 7-19
Author(s):  
Violetta Sokoła-Szewioła ◽  
Marian Poniewiera ◽  
Aleksandra Mierzejowska
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Hard Coal Mining ◽  
Uniform Manner ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Selection Of

In order to implement the provisions of the INSPIRE Directive, it is necessary for the Member States of the European Union to take appropriate measures to enable combining in a uniform manner spatial data deriving from different sources and sharing use of them by many users and many applications. Spatial data regarding underground hard coal mining in Poland should also be available in the national spatial reference system. Mining enterprises run a cartographic resource in the different rectangular flat coordinate systems. The standard transformation procedure does not provide the required accuracy because these are areas affected by mining activity, and the stability of points is limited, hence, studies were undertaken. The result is the development of software that can be used in Geographic Information Systems to transform spatial data from a system used in mine to the national system. The article described shortly a chosen coordinates systems used in Polish underground mines, elaborated procedure for selection of the degree and the type of a transformation polynomial in the transformation task. It presents its practical application of procedure for the area of one of hard coal mines using the author’s software elaborated in the results of above-mentioned research.

Estimating coal mine methane emissions using ground-based FTIR spectrometry, WRF driven Lagrangian dispersion modelling, and a regularized inversion approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Luther ◽  
Ralph Kleinschek ◽  
Julian Kostinek ◽  
Mila Stanisavljevic ◽  
Alexandru Dandocsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Mine Ventilation ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
North East ◽  
Area Of Interest

&lt;p&gt;Methane (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) emissions from coal production are one of the main sources of anthropogenic CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; in the atmosphere. Poland is the second largest hard coal producer in the European Union with the Polish area of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) as a part of it. Emission estimates for CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; from USCB for individual coal mine ventilation shafts range between 0.03kt CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/yr and 25.9kt CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/yr, amounting to a basin total of roughly 465kt CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/yr (E-PRTR database, 2014). During CoMet (Carbon Dioxide and Methane Mission 2018) four ground-based, portable FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectrometers EM27/SUN were deployed in the USCB. We arranged these instruments in fixed locations in the North, East, South, and West of the USCB in approx. 50km distance to the center of the basin. This set-up ensures both, upwind and downwind measurements of CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; for the prevailing wind directions. Subtracting upwind from downwind XCH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; observations gives the net methane enhancement of the region in between two selected instruments. These enhancements are also modeled with the Lagrangian particle dispersion model Flexpart. The model is driven by WRF wind simulations calculated in a nested domain using data assimilation of 3D wind-lidar data measured at three locations in the area of interest. The residuals between modeled and measured enhancements are minimized with a Phillips-Tikhonov regularized, non-negative least squares approach using the E-PRTR inventory data as a-priori information. The regularization parameters are graphically chosen via L-curve determination. Simulation uncertainty is expressed through an ensemble of different model runs, each with altered, basic meteorological parameters. The model generally matches the E-PRTR inventory data within it's error range for a small number (6 to 10) of coal mine ventilation shafts, whereas it suggests higher emission rates than the E-PRTR for more involved point sources (&gt;30).&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Atmospheric emissions from electric energy generation and their impact on environment, and the potential of renewable energy sources in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Tong Wang ◽  
Longmiao Yuan ◽  
Yingqin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Total Energy Consumption

The European Union has set targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in total energy consumption, ensure the development and use of clean energy sources, and strive to reduce carbon emissions by 90% from 1990 levels by 2050. This study attempts to assess the environmental impact of electricity production on electricity demand and associated emissions in Italy through a three-step process. First, a literature review was conducted to estimate the growth of electricity demand in Italy by population and industry in 2014. Secondly, the CO2 and SO2 produced in the process of power generation by different power production methods were evaluated and compared. Finally, according to the current production and power models, the development trend of renewable energy in Italy in 2050 was estimated, and the satisfactory conclusion is that the renewable energy can fully meet the supply and demand in 2050 in Italy.

scholarly journals The typology of the nature values in the mining towns on the examples from the region of the Rybnik Coal Area

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Pukowiec ◽  
Wojciech Kurda
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Upper Silesian Coal Basin ◽  
West Part ◽  
Hard Coal Mining ◽  
Mining Towns

Abstract Nature’s resources having a usability attribute are nature values – if they are able to provide for human demands that are being exploited. This article relates to the environmental potential of mining and post – mining areas as well as possibilities of its use in the development of tourisms and recreation. An original typology of the nature value and the assessment of the tourist usability of environment of chosen mining towns of the Rybnik Coal Area – Wodzisław Śląski, Radlin, Rydułtowy, and Pszów are presented in this work. The Rybnik Coal Area is situated in the southern Poland, in a south-west part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. A geological substratum consists of Carboniferous rocks with a hard coal layer exploited from the end of 18th century, but more intensively in the last half-century. In all of the researched towns, hard coal mining is still running and anthropogenic processes changing the environment are taking place. An inventory of natural resources was performed during the direct field work in the years 2010-2011. The nature values were catalogued in a typological way according to the elements of the environment from which they result, focusing on the mining character of the research areas. Therefore, geologic, geomorphologic, hydrologic and biotic (of flora and fauna) have been highlighted, while climatic values have been omitted intentionally due to the vast issue of the assessment of the bioclimatic zone potential. Additionally, natural and anthropogenic elements were distinguished in each group of the values. Due to a significant degree of anthropogenic transformations of the environment, the analysed area is characterised by low environmental attractiveness; tourism and recreation play a marginal role there. Among the nature values of the analysed towns, the geologic qualities are the most significant ones. Therefore, geotourism is the form of tourist activity suggested to revive the region. The greatest potential for the development of geotourism is shown by Pszów, Radlin, Rydułtowy. The development and popularisation of geoturism should be included in the planning documents of the towns mentioned above. In order to increase tourist movement, it is suggested to mark up so-called academic-didactic paths and to mark geotourist object with appropriate information signs and more importantly with the development of infrastructure serving tourism and recreation.

scholarly journals Study of Energy Consumption of a Bucket Conveyor in a Jig Concentrator Plant in a Hard Coal Mine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5706
Author(s):  
Sebastian Jendrysik ◽  
Sławomir Bartoszek ◽  
Dominik Bałaga ◽  
Gabriel Kost ◽  
Agnieszka Sękala
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Predictive Algorithm ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

The subject of the discussion is oriented toward limiting the energy consumption of the bucket conveyor used in jig concentrator plants by controlling its speed. A method of predictive control of the bucket conveyor speed is presented. It allows for reducing the energy consumption due to appropriate selection of bucket movement speed to ensure the nominal filling of buckets along the entire length of the conveyor. This approach enables limiting the idling speed of the conveyor, extend its life, and also reduce the electricity consumption of the entire system. Experimental studies, carried out at the “Sośnica” Coal Mine working facility, confirmed that the use of a predictive algorithm for controlling the bucket conveyor speed and adapting the bucket speed to the current load decreased in energy consumption n by 9.6%, with 80% of the filling conveyor.

scholarly journals Towards verifying CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from hard coal mines using mobile sun-viewing Fourier transform spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Luther ◽  
Ralph Kleinschek ◽  
Leon Scheidweiler ◽  
Sara Defratyka ◽  
Mila Stanisavljevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Mine Ventilation ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometry ◽  
Relative Errors

Abstract. Methane (CH4) emissions from coal production are one of the primary sources of anthropogenic CH4 in the atmosphere. Poland is the largest hard coal producer in the European Union with the Polish side of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) as the main part of it. Emission estimates for CH4 from the USCB for individual coal mine ventilation shafts range between 0.03 kt/a and 20 kt/a, amounting to a basin total of roughly 440 kt/a according to the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR, http://prtr.ec.europa.eu/, 2014). We mounted a ground-based, portable, sun-viewing FTS (Fourier Transform Spectrometer) on a truck for sampling coal mine ventilation plumes by driving cross-sectional stop-and-go Patterns at 1 to 3 km distance to the exhaust shafts. Using a mass balance approach, several of these transects allowed for estimating CH4 emissions based on the observed enhancements of the column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of methane (XCH4). Our resulting emission estimates range from 6 ± 1 kt/a for a single shaft up to 109 ± 33 kt/a for a subregion of the USCB, which is in broad agreement with the E-PRTR reports. Three wind lidars were deployed in the larger USCB region providing ancillary information about spatial and temporal variability of wind and turbulence in the atmospheric boundary-layer. Sensitivity studies show that, despite drawing from the three wind lidars, the uncertainty of the local wind dominates the uncertainty of the emission estimates, by far exceeding errors related to the XCH4 measurements itself. Wind-related relative errors on the emission estimates typically amount to 20 %.

scholarly journals Defining of the required parameters of the main fans on the ventilation shaft for the target model of the hard coal mine Y in connection with its decommissioning

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
Piotr Mocek
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Ventilation Network ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Target Model ◽  
Ventilation Shaft ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Hard Coal Mining

Abstract The article presents the results of the analysis and calculations of the ventilation network of the decommissioned hard coal mine Y for the model of its target operation. After the end of hard coal mining and the liquidation of most of the mining excavations, the former Y hard coal mine will become an element of the drainage system and a protection for other, still active mining plants. In order for the Y excavation to be transformed into a mine water pumping station, its ventilation system should be rebuilt, and new parameters of the main fan should be determined for a smaller network of mining excavations. For this purpose, using the AERO-2016D program by POK “Zachód” Spółka z o.o., the parameters of the ventilation network were simulated in the target model of mine Y after the liquidation of the “Southern” shaft and mining excavations at levels 530m and 660m. The results of the simulation made it possible to select the optimal main fans for the target model of the transformed mine Y.

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