scholarly journals Immobilization of Bacterial Cells and Chitinolytic Activity of Streptomyces sp. (PB 2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 03032
Author(s):  
Anida Dieni ◽  
Ustadi
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Cell Immobilization ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Chitinolytic Activity ◽  
Chitinolytic Bacteria ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cacl2 Solution

This study was aimed to immobilize the chitinolytic bacteria Streptomyces sp. PB 2 using sodium alginate as immobilization agent. Streptomyces sp. PB 2 was reported have a good chitinolytic activity and immobilization is known to increase the stability of bacteria during repeated used. Sodium alginate has been used on several methods of immobilization and sodium alginate are reported as a good agent. Cell immobilization was done by growing the cell on nutrient broth (NB), mixed with 1% sodium alginate to form the beads, then the mixture were put to a syringe and droped into CaCl2 solution. The beads were washed with 0.85% NaCl solution and filtered. To test the bacterial activity, beads were applied into chitin liquid medium and the chitinolytic activity was observed every 24 hours for 5 days. To test its stability, after the 5th day, the beads was filtered and put in to chitin liquid medium and tested the chitinolytic activity. This experiment was repeated twice. The highest chitinolytic activity of Streptomyces sp. PB2 was observed on the 4th day with the value of 0.00014 U/ml and the concentration of NAG of 5.42087 µg/ml with the treatment of immobilized NB medium without the addition of chitin.

scholarly journals Immobilization of Aeromonas bivalvium PT2 Cells with Alginate and Measurement of Chitinolytic Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 03020
Author(s):  
Dita P. Saputri ◽  
Ustadi
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Immobilization ◽  
Chitinase Activity ◽  
Nutrient Broth ◽  
Chitinolytic Activity ◽  
Immobilized Bacteria ◽  
Chitinolytic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Immobilization ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Bacterial Cell Immobilization

Aeromonas bivalvium is one of the chitinolytic bacteria that able to degrade chitin into its derivatives. These bacteria can only be used once during the fermentation process, which is less profitable to be applied in industrial scale. This limitation can be solved by bacterial immobilization method. This study aimed to determine the effect of bacterial cell immobilization on chitinolytic activity and to determine the stability of the immobilized bacteria during repeated usage. Bacterial cell immobilization was carried out by entrapment method with 1% sodium alginate matrix. Immobilized bacteria was cultured in two different mediums, namely nutrient broth (NB) and nutrient broth (NB) added with colloidal chitin (NB + K). Tests for chitinolytic activity were carried out in bacteria. In addition, the stability of immobilized bacteria was also tested for chitinolytic activity with repeated removal and use. The result shows that the effectiveness of immobilization on average is 91.8%. Immobilization did not significantly affect chitinolytic activity when compared with bacteria without immobilization. Immobilized bacteria in this study has similar performance as bacteria without immobilization. The results of the stability tests including chitinase activity and NAG released indicated a significant decline during repeated usage with maximum usage of three times.

scholarly journals BACTERIAL DESULFURIZATION OF DIBENZOTHIOPHENE BY PSEUDOMONAS SP. STRAIN KWN5 IMMOBILIZED IN ALGINATE BEADS

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam ◽  
Ardiansyah Sitepu ◽  
Nyoman Semadi Antara ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Lani Triani ◽  
I Wayan Arnata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Cell Immobilization ◽  
Water System ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Two Phase

Biodelfurization of petroleum has emerged as a potential alternative to the hydrodesulfurization and oxidative desulfurization processes. However, the main obstacle in its commercial application is the efficiency and practicality of using bacterial cells. Pseudomonas sp. strain KWN5 was tested for the ability to use dibenzothiophene (DBT) in n-tetradecane as the sole sulfur source with two phase oil-water system. The biodesulfurization ability of strain KWN5 was evaluated by immobilized cells with dibenzothiophene as substrates. The cells immobilized by entrapping them with sodium alginate (SA) had high DBT biodesulfurization activity and could degrade 100 mg DBT/L in n-tetradecane of 46.76–100%, depended on concentrations of sodium alginate and cells within 24 h at 37oC with shaking at 160 rpm. The combination of SA concentration of 3% (w/v) with bacterial cells OD660 40 (25.52 mg DCW/mL) has an optimal biodesulfurization activity on 100 mg DBT/L in n-tetradecane, which is equal to 71.85% biodesulfurization. The immobilized cells of Pseudomonas sp. strain KWN5 in alginate beads were more efficient for the degradation of DBT and can be reused for five cycles (220 h) without any loss in their activity. The results of this study clearly show the role of the effects of cell immobilization in increasing the process of biodesulfurization.

Influencing Factors of Chromium Ion Stability in Microbe Culture Media

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
Yun Xiao He ◽  
Xiao Ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fluid Medium ◽  
Chromium Ion ◽  
Medium Components ◽  
Salt Ions ◽  
Ion Stability ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ionic Liquid Medium

The stability factors for Cr6+ and Cr3+ in microbiological media, including temperature, preservation conditions and medium components were studied in this research project, through potassium permanganate oxidation and DPC (Diphenylcarbazide) spectrophotometry. It shows that the protein component mainly influences Cr6+ content changes at pre- and post- heat sterilization to the chromium ionic liquid medium, other than being impacted basically by inorganic salt ions. It also indicates that the method can be introduced into experiment researches for microbe dechromisation i.e. Chromium ion aqueous solution and fluid medium are sterilized separately, and then are made into the chrome ions liquid as per a certain concentration. The concentration of hexavalent chromium ions is affected by preservation time and temperature also. For this reason, chromium ionic liquid medium is kept at low temperature, and as quickly as possible for the test.

Preparation and properties of wet-spun microcomposite filaments from cellulose nanocrystals and alginate using a microfluidic device

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 5780-5793
Author(s):  
Ji-Soo Park ◽  
Chan-Woo Park ◽  
Song-Yi Han ◽  
Eun-Ah Lee ◽  
Azelia Wulan Cindradewi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Coagulation Bath ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Orientation Index ◽  
Cacl2 Solution

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were wet-spun in a coagulation bath for the fabrication of microfilaments, and the effect of sodium alginate (AL) addition on the wet-spinnability and properties of the microcomposite filament was investigated. The CNC suspension exhibited excellent wet-spinnability in calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution, and the addition of AL in CNC suspension resulted in the enhancement of the wet-spinnability of CNCs. As the AL content increased from 3% to 10%, the average diameter of the microcomposite filament decreased, and its tensile properties deteriorated. The increased spinning rate caused an increase in the orientation index of CNCs, resulting in an improvement in the tensile properties of the microcomposite filament.

Antifungal activity of chitinolytic bacteria isolated from airtight stored cereal grain

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Frändberg ◽  
Johan Schnürer
Keyword(s):  
Streptomyces Coelicolor ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Chitinolytic Activity ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Chitinolytic Bacteria ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Antifungal Chitinase ◽  
Streptomyces Halstedii

Chitinolytic bacteria are used as biocontrol agents of plant pathogenic fungi. They might also potentially inhibit growth of molds, e.g., Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp., in stored plant material. We isolated chitinolytic bacteria from airtight stored cereal grain and evaluated their antifungal capacity. Between 0.01 and 0.5% of the total aerobic counts were chitinolytic bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria, mainly Pseudomonadaceae, constituted approximately 80% of the chitinolytic population. Gram-positive isolates belonged predominantly to the Corynebacterium-Arthrobacter group, Streptomyces, and Bacillus. Chitinolytic activity was evaluated using culture filtrates from chitin-grown isolates as the release of p-nitrophenol from p-nitrophenyl N,N'-diacetylchitobiose and as the formation of clearing zones on chitin agar. No correlation between chitinolytic activity and antifungal effects was found when challenging Penicillium roqueforti Dierckx with bacterial isolates on chitin agar in a dual culture bioassay. Fungal hyphae frequently grew seemingly unaffected through the bacterial colony of a high chitinase producer on colloidal chitin. Only 4% of the chitinolytic isolates had strong effects on fungal growth. Among these, Streptomyces halstedii (K122) and Streptomyces coelicolor (K139) inhibited growth of a broad range of fungi. Streptomyces halstedii affected hyphal morphology and decreased the radial growth rate of all fungi investigated. These effects were not caused by volatile metabolites, polyenes, or N-carbamoyl-D-glucosamine.Key words: antifungal, chitinase, Streptomyces halstedii, Streptomyces coelicolor.

scholarly journals Anti-Streptococcus mutans and anti-biofilm activities of dextranase and its encapsulation in alginate beads for application in toothpaste

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10165
Author(s):  
Nucharee Juntarachot ◽  
Sasithorn Sirilun ◽  
Duangporn Kantachote ◽  
Phakkharawat Sittiprapaporn ◽  
Piyachat Tongpong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Sensory Test ◽  
Alginate Concentration ◽  
The Stability

Background The accumulation of plaque causes oral diseases. Dental plaque is formed on teeth surfaces by oral bacterial pathogens, particularly Streptococcus mutans, in the oral cavity. Dextranase is one of the enzymes involved in antiplaque accumulation as it can prevent dental caries by the degradation of dextran, which is a component of plaque biofilm. This led to the idea of creating toothpaste containing dextranase for preventing oral diseases. However, the dextranase enzyme must be stable in the product; therefore, encapsulation is an attractive way to increase the stability of this enzyme. Methods The activity of food-grade fungal dextranase was measured on the basis of increasing ratio of reducing sugar concentration, determined by the reaction with 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid reagent. The efficiency of the dextranase enzyme was investigated based on its minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against biofilm formation by S. mutans ATCC 25175. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to study the three factors affecting encapsulation: pH, calcium chloride concentration, and sodium alginate concentration. Encapsulation efficiency (% EE) and the activity of dextranase enzyme trapped in alginate beads were determined. Then, the encapsulated dextranase in alginate beads was added to toothpaste base, and the stability of the enzyme was examined. Finally, sensory test and safety evaluation of toothpaste containing encapsulated dextranase were done. Results The highest activity of the dextranase enzyme was 4401.71 unit/g at a pH of 6 and 37 °C. The dextranase at its MIC (4.5 unit/g) showed strong inhibition against the growth of S. mutans. This enzyme at 1/2 MIC also showed a remarkable decrease in biofilm formation by S. mutans. The most effective condition of dextranase encapsulation was at a pH of 7, 20% w/v calcium chloride and 0.85% w/v sodium alginate. Toothpaste containing encapsulated dextranase alginate beads produced under suitable condition was stable after 3 months of storage, while the sensory test of the product was accepted at level 3 (like slightly), and it was safe. Conclusion This research achieved an alternative health product for oral care by formulating toothpaste with dextranase encapsulated in effective alginate beads to act against cariogenic bacteria, like S. mutants, by preventing dental plaque.

scholarly journals Kinetics and mechanism of sol-gel transformation between some trivalent- and tetravalent-metal ions and Sodium alginate Anionic polyelectrolyte with formation of coordination Biopolymeric structure polymembranes Hydrogels of Capillary Structures Ex

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishaq Abdullah Zaafarany
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Coordination Geometry ◽  
Large Excess ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Overall Kinetics

Abstract          The kinetics of sol-gel transformation between A13+, La 3+ and Th4+ metal ion electrolytes and sodium alginate sol have been studied complexometrically at various  temperatures. In the presence of a large excess of sodium alginate sol concentration over that of metal ion electrolyte, the pseudo first–order plots of exchange showed sigmoidal curves with two distinct stages. The initial part was relatively fast and curved significantly at early times, followed by a slow decrease in the rates of exchange over longer time periods. The rate constants of gelation showed second-order overall kinetics which was first order in the concentration of both reactants. The thermodynamic parameters have been evaluated and tentative gelation mechanisms consistent with the kinetic results of gelation are suggested. The stability of these ionotropic metal-alginate complexes has been discussed in terms of the coordination geometry and strength of chelated bonds.

Study on the Calamine/Sodium Alginate Modified Viscose Fiber

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Dong Qi Liu ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Shu Fa Han ◽  
Yu Feng Zhang ◽  
Cui Yu Yin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Viscose Fiber ◽  
Alginate Solution ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Injection Methods ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this article we successfully prepared calamine / sodium alginate viscose fiber. Good dispersion and stability of the modified solution was prepared by dispersing calamine in alkaline solution of sodium alginate, and then mixed it with viscose spinning solution by spinning injection methods. Moreover, the stability of calamine / sodium alginate solution, the effect of concentration of calamine on the fiber properties is studied in this paper. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and physical mechanical performance are test to characterize the structure and the performance of the calamine / sodium alginate viscose fiber.

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