scholarly journals Labor resource as a factor of modern agricultural production

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01088
Author(s):  
Svetlana M. Kurbatova ◽  
Larisa Yu. Aisner ◽  
Oleg D. Naumov

The article discusses the personnel problem as an important factor in the development and digitalization of Russian economy in the field of agriculture. The problems of modern labor resources in agricultural production are highlighted. The ways of addressing the problems are explored: changing social working conditions, increasing motivational components both in the state policy in the field of agriculture and in the development of methods and mechanisms for managing labor resources at specific enterprises with special reference to the particular features of their production; creating the necessary modern infrastructure, updating the content of educational programs, training, retraining and professional development, improving the management mechanisms of the industry, etc.

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Khmeleva ◽  
Nicholay Tyukavkin ◽  
Olga Bulavko ◽  
Alina Prosvetova ◽  
Kristina Egorova

The purpose of the article is to reveal the influence of the state policy of economic restructuring and renewal on the allocation of labor resources in regions and cities of the country. The state policy has an impact on the allocation of labor resources, but causes, at times, conflicting effects. This is especially true during the economic restructuring and renewal period. As a scientific and methodological basis, the analysis of the economic structure and the four-factor shift-share analysis, adapted by the authors in earlier works, were used. The use of statistical data of 98 cities in five federal districts of Russia in 2009–2015 allowed the authors to reveal the ambiguous influence of the state policy of economic restructuring and renewal on the allocation of labor resources by regions and cities of the country. It has been confirmed that the restructuring and renewal policy of the Russian economy, as well as in other countries, is accompanied by changes in the allocation of labor resources. As a positive effect, it can be noted that economic restructuring and renewal contribute to a balance in the spatial allocation of labor resources. As negative effects of economic restructuring and renewal, the authors of the article note the inertial nature of the economic structure (the extractive sector retains a leading position in terms of employment indicators) and a reduction in the labor potential of peripheral cities, which does not correspond to the stated goals of the economic restructuring and renewal policy. It is shown that the city authorities are able to exert a greater influence on changes in the economic structure than it is generally assumed. The authors believe that the states implementing the restructuring and renewal policy should take into account changes in the allocation of labor resources by regions and cities in order to observe the balance in regions’ development and not to fall into a trap in which economic growth of regions attracting labor resources will be achieved at the expense of other regions.


Author(s):  
Г. Зинчук ◽  
G. Zinchuk ◽  
А. Макекадырова ◽  
A. Makekadyrova

The article considers methodological approaches to the concept of development of agrarian territories, gives recommendations on improving the organizational and economic mechanism of state influence on the processes of formation and functioning of agrarian territories, determining strategic guidelines for their development. The substantive essence and possibilities of the state support of development of agrarian territories are analyzed. The article analyzes the possibilities for the formation and development of the potential of agrarian territories, the state and prospects for the development of agricultural production using the model of indicative planning, taking into account the specifics of the Russian economy. The approach to the selection of the quantitative and qualitative content of the forecasts for the development of agrarian territories is disclosed. Current problems of forecasting resource support for the formation and development of agrarian territories are outlined. Recommendations are given on the possibility of using planning documents for an integrated approach to planning and regulating the development of the country’s agrarian territories.


2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Ye.B. Aimagambetov ◽  

Object: The purpose of the study is to substantiate methodological issues of state policy and modeling of the dynamic development of regional systems as an inseparable triad "ecology-society-economy" in the conditions of various stages of reindustrialization. Methods: methods of system analysis and economic synthesis of reindustrialization factors and assessment of their impact on the development of ecological and socio-economic systems are used, which will increase the effectiveness of state policy and management decisions in the field of scientific, technical, industrial and environmental policies. Results: The developed methodology for assessing the state and dynamics of the development of ecological and socio-economic systems is a tool for further, more in-depth analysis of the development problems of the countries that are part of the EAEU zone, in solving which it is impossible to do without the use of methods of state regulation of the economy. It is established that socio-economic policy and the organizational, economic, and managerial mechanisms by which it is implemented have a significant impact on development. In this regard, it is important not only to determine the degree of efficiency of the use of available resources, but also to what extent and how to make up for their lack. The presence or absence of effective policies is reflected in the reduction or growth of barriers to development. Conclusions: Recommendations on the choice of reindustrialization options are as follows:  systematic consideration of three interrelated elements: realization of industrial potential, effective use of labor resources, ensuring normal working conditions and effective employment of the population; advanced development of infrastructure;  consideration of environmental effects directly related to the process of re-industrialization;  a retrospective study of the industrial development of the territory is the most important source of information for the development of directions for the allocation of productive forces;  decision-making is based on taking into account social, economic, natural and technological criteria indicators, which provide for compliance with the principle of coordinating the interests of the subjects of reindustrialization, taking into account social priorities.


Social Law ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
O. Lyubimov

The article deals with the main types of European standards of administrative and legal support for the work of civil servants, the key of which the author emphasizes the recognition of the priority of the state policy in the area of observance of labor legislation with regard to civil servants. Equally important scholars are called the standards of proper staffing, material and technical support of civil servants, creation of conditions for proper and timely performance of their official duties, improvement of their qualification, training and retraining, creation of harmless and safe working conditions, professionalization of state services, etc. It is emphasized that Ukraine is on the path of European integration, in its activity it tries to implement in its internal law European standards of administrative and legal support of civil servants, but a significant number of them still remains at the declarative level.


2010 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
S. Naryshkin

The article argues for the growing role of economic security factors in the situation of post-crisis development. The paper is focused on the problem of investment security of the national economy. The article contains the definition of investment security and its basic criteria. The author designates major directions and tools of the state policy directed at maintenance of investment security requirements as a condition of stable development and modernization of the Russian economy.


Author(s):  
S.А. Zhironkin ◽  
◽  
E.А. Gasanov ◽  
M.А. Gasanov ◽  
M.Yu. Litvintseva ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Б.Б. Доскалиева ◽  
А.С. Байдалинова ◽  
B. Doskalieva ◽  
A. Baidalinova

В современных условиях развитие агропромышленного комплекса, включающего материальные, финансовые и трудовые ресурсы, является крайне важным для продовольственной безопасности государства. Агропромышленный комплекс Республики Казахстан, в который входит сельское хозяйство и переработка продуктов питания, является основным поставщиком продовольствия населению страны и от его успешной деятельности напрямую зависит состояние продовольственной безопасности Казахстана. Целью исследования данной статьи является раскрытие роли, значения АПК для обеспечения продовольственной безопасности Казахстана, выявление зависимости производства продуктов питания от различных факторов, на основе использования методов математического моделирования – корреляционно-регрессионного анализа. Объектом исследования в данной статье выступает АПК Казахстана. В статье рассмотрено влияние на объем выпуска продукции сельского хозяйства следующих факторов: субсидии, инвестиции в основной капитал, объем кредитования, уровень активности в области инновации, уровня занятости в сельском хозяйстве. Выявлено, что наибольшее влияние на объем выпуска продукции сельского хозяйства оказывает государственная поддержка АПК в форме финансового инструмента - субсидирования и инвестиций в основной капитал сельского хозяйства. Показано, что наметилась отрицательная тенденция в развитии сельского хозяйства и АПК Казахстана, как отток трудовых ресурсов из отрасли из-за низкой заработной платы. Авторы пришли к выводу, что пока в АПК Казахстана не будет обеспечен достаточный приток инвестиций с целью реализации масштабной модернизации и реконструкции сельскохозяйственного производства, техническое и технологическое отставание будет сохранено в промышленности, следовательно, проблема повышения конкурентоспособности данной отрасли будет особенно реальной. В результате авторы предлагают в дальнейшем в качестве совершенствования государственной политики в сфере развития АПК осуществлять меры активной государственной поддержки АПК, не нарушающих правила ВТО, разработать программы адресной продовольственной помощи социально-незащищенных слоев населения. In modern conditions, the development of the agro-industrial complex, including material, financial and labor resources, is extremely important for the food security of the state. The agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which includes agriculture and food processing, is the main supplier of food to the population of the country and the state of food security of Kazakhstan directly depends on its successful activity. The purpose of this article is to disclose the role, significance of the agro-industrial complex for ensuring food security in Kazakhstan, identifying the dependence of food production on various factors, based on the use of mathematical modeling methods – correlation and regression analysis. The object of research in this article is the agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan. The article examines the impact on the volume of agricultural output of the following factors: subsidies, investments in fixed assets, the volume of lending, the level of activity in the field of innovation, the level of employment in agriculture. It was revealed that the state support of the agro-industrial complex in the form of a financial instrument – subsidies and investments in fixed assets of agriculture – has the greatest impact on the volume of agricultural production. It is shown that there has been a negative trend in the development of agriculture and the agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan, as an outflow of labor resources from the industry due to low salary. The authors came to the conclusion that until a sufficient inflow of investments is ensured in the agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan in order to implement large-scale modernization and reconstruction of agricultural production, the technical and technological lag will remain in the industry, therefore, the problem of increasing the competitiveness of this industry will be especially real. As a result, the authors propose, in the future, to improve the state policy in the field of agro-industrial complex development, to implement measures of active state support for the agro-industrial complex that do not violate the WTO (World Trade Organization) rules, to develop programs for targeted food assistance to socially unprotected segments of the population.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
V. N. Mironova

The subject of the research is state policy in supporting export of industrial and agricultural produce. The purpose of the work is to propose actions aimed at the increase of competitiveness of industrial and agricultural production and at creating mechanisms for its advancement to international markets in the context of Western sanctions intensifying and the necessity to escape raw materials based development model. To achieve these goals, new institutions for national business development are created, export oriented branches of production are developed. The amount of state participation in financing industry and agriculture development is increasing. Russian Export Center has been organized. It supports in financial and nonfinancial way Russian companies that are ready to raise the competitive advantages of their production and to enter foreign markets. It is concluded that due to the actions that the state puts into practice to fulfill complicated and ambitious tasks aimed at competitive recovery of home products and at increasing of non-resource exports some positive results have been achieved both in industrial and agricultural production. The results, however, are not weighty enough to dramatically change the place of Russia in international division of labor. As before, resource commodity still constitutes a significant part of export. The state policy lays special emphasis on financing branches of industry without taking into consideration their effectiveness. Financial and nonfinancial instruments are of high importance, but they should be used in the framework of a comprehensive approach. The transition to a new industrial and technical development platform, modern knowledge, technologies and innovations deployment are yet not in line with the requirements for international competiveness of domestic product.


Author(s):  
Igor Sachovsky

Agriculture, for many reasons, can be considered one of the most important sectors of the economic complex of Ukraine. Its significance is determined, in our opinion, in particular by the dynamics of growth of agricultural production, which, in turn, depends on many, to some extent, important factors. In particular, how perfect is the state policy on the agro-industrial complex, especially in terms of regulating the pricing of basic agricultural products, to what extent the state policy on agricultural development takes into account the specifics of a region (area), including climatic conditions, the nature of historical production, the age structure of the population, its worldview, etc., that is, ultimately, to what extent the state policy to support agriculture meets the interests of the individual producer. All this is directly reflected in the growth (decrease?) rate of agricultural production, which determines the relevance of the study. The main, most important provisions of the article are: firstly, the statistical information provided in the proposed article on the specifics of agricultural production in Ukraine, its detail in terms of areas in a more generalized form can give a holistic, complete picture of its features in each of the regions of the country, which in some cases took place; secondly, in the direct context of the above, we consider it appropriate to highlight separately that despite all its ambiguity, the advantage of the above statistical material on the peculiarities of agricultural production in Ukraine in 2020 (2019) in absolute terms is that if needed it can significantly expand the range of necessary calculated information, on what, actually, the offered article was based also; thirdly, taking into account the above, however, different, one of the most important features of the proposed article is that the structure of agricultural production was analyzed in terms of production ratios of the main groups of producers of this type, which, as practice shows, were agricultural enterprises and farms of the population, and, emphasizing, in each of the regions of Ukraine; fourthly, perhaps not least, the significance of the analysis of the ratio of production volumes of the main groups of agricultural producers in Ukraine is enhanced by its detailing given their main subspecies, such as crop and livestock, which, in a sense, can be the basis for not only few more global and cognitive conclusions. Regarding the purely conclusions, one of the most important components of the article, we even consider it necessary to consider two of them separately: firstly, agriculture is an integral part of the national economic complex of Ukraine and the efficiency of its functioning can be one of the most important indicators of the level of economic development of the country as a whole; secondly, we believe that the efficiency of agricultural production both in Ukraine as a whole and, in particular, in its individual regions is determined not so much by optimizing the ratio of major groups of producers, which, as practice shows, were agricultural enterprises and households, how perfect the economic mechanism of functioning of each of them in particular.


2015 ◽  
Vol 725-726 ◽  
pp. 1493-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Gamayunova ◽  
Nikolay Vatin

Energy saving and energy efficiency of the economy announced among the main Russian national priorities. However, the problem of energy saving and energy efficiency is relevant to many countries. The article describes the main directions of state policy in the field of energy efficiency, as well as the possibilities of saving energy at home. Special place is given to educational programs in the field of energy efficiency and energy saving.


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