scholarly journals Whey centralized processing of as an environmental aspect of regional development

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Vladimir Lazarev ◽  
Tatyana Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cottage Cheese ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Dairy Plant ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Competitive Products

The article presents the practicability of developing the environmental aspect of dairy industry enterprises on the example of Sverdlovsk region. The volume of milk and cottage cheese production at the enterprises of the Sverdlovsk region is presented. The article describes the negative impact of milk processing enterprises on the environment. Statistical data on the percentage of enterprises that process secondary dairy raw materials are provided. The article presents the costs of installing local wastewater treatment plants and the rationality of creating a specialized enterprise for complex processing of whey on the basis of OJSC “Irbit Dairy Plant”. The article describes the value of secondary dairy raw materials that cause the greatest harm to the environment in case of unfair whey utilization, as a raw material for the production of competitive products. The technology for processing whey at a specialized enterprise using membrane methods is presented: nanofiltration — ultrafiltration — reverse osmosis followed by vacuum evaporation and spray drying. The expediency of introducing an ultrafiltration unit with the use ofceramic ultrafiltration element (CUFE) (0.01) ceramic membranes into the line for processing whey at theOJSCIrbit dairy plant is described. The content of the main components of curd whey at all stages of production, as well as the final products, is presented. The parameters of the described processes of whey processing are given.

scholarly journals Metode Menentukan Klor dalam Sludge Oil: Perbandingan Metode Wet dan Metode Jena

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Herliati Rahman ◽  
Akhirudin Salasa
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chlorine Content ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
The Difference

Currently, the use of alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR) in the cement industry is very attractive. This is driven by demands for environmental sustainability and the efficiency of fuel and raw material costs. One of the materials that can be used as AFR is sludge oil. However, it needs to be ensured that the chlorine content in the sludge oil does not exceed the threshold so that it does not have a negative impact during the cement production process. It is known that if the chlorine content is more than the threshold, it can cause blocking or clogging of the separator and the kiln. This study aims to determine the performance of the Jena Multi EA 4000 instrument in determining the chlorine content in sludge oil quickly and accurately. Analytic Jena Multi EA 4000 is an Atomic Absorption Spectrometers (AAS) instrument that can be used for analysis of samples in the form of solids or slurries containing chlorine. As validation of the resulting analysis, the wet method is used, which as usual, to determine chlorine levels. From the statistic analysis, namely the F-test and T-test, We found that F-count equal to 0.0080 and F-table equal to 4.2839. it shows that F-count < F-table, indicating the difference in the variance of the two methods H0: s12 = s22 is accepted because there is no difference to the variability of these two tests and the value of T-count = -3.9717 and T-table = 2.1788 so that T-count <T-table is accepted because there is no difference in the average accuracy of the two methods H0: M1 = M2.  

scholarly journals Mixed magnesian binders using local silicate waste production

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (4) ◽  
pp. 042035
Author(s):  
E Lytkina
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Material Component ◽  
Additional Processing ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

Abstract Today, the waste of the mining industry is more than 8 billion tons. Analysis of the literature data showed that most of the man-made waste that is generated as a result of the development of mineral deposits is suitable for use in many industries, in particular, in the production of building materials. The use of technogenic raw materials allows us to solve the following tasks: Environmental aspect - reducing the number of dumps and reducing their volumes. And this, in turn, improves the ecology of regions and territories. 2. Economic aspect - reducing the cost of construction products through the use of almost free raw materials, the release of more competitive products. Of course, it is necessary to provide that part of the costs will be spent on additional processing, revision, activation, modification of this technogenic raw material component. But today we have to think about how to clear the territory of substandard “waste rock” and use it to reduce the production and consumption of natural raw materials. A similar process can create waste-free production.

Investigation of Hydrometallurgical Processing of Titanomagnetite Ore Enrichment Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 1115-1120
Author(s):  
E.S. Makhotkina ◽  
M.V. Shubina ◽  
I.G. Shubin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Magnetite Ore ◽  
Hydrometallurgical Processing ◽  
Vanadium Extraction ◽  
Extraction Degree

In the article the negative impact of titano-magnetite ore enrichment waste on the environment and the possibility of its use as vanadium-containing raw materials are overviewed. The chemical and mineralogical composition features of various samples of the Kusinsky deposit titanomagnetite ore tails are presented. Different combinations of their roasting processes (with and without salt additives, with oxides, carbonates, or their compositions) and leaching processes (with water or acid) during hydrometallurgical processing were analyzed.The experiment results on the extraction of vanadium in the form of soluble vanadates from the titanomagnetite ore tails by leaching from samples subjected to roasting with soda ash, sodium sulfate, calcium oxide, and sodium chloride in various mass ratios are presented. The significant influence of ore sample chemical composition on the vanadium extraction degree was revealed. It was revealed that for this type of vanadium raw material additives of sodium chloride and sodium carbonate are most preferable from the vanadium extraction degree point of view.

scholarly journals Development of histological detection methods of cottage cheese falsification

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00098
Author(s):  
Liudmila Reznichenko ◽  
Elena Nikolenko ◽  
Sergei Noskov ◽  
Roman Shcherbinin
Keyword(s):  
Product Information ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Cottage Cheese ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Counterfeit Products

Information falsification of fermented milk products is a consumer fraud using inaccurate or distorted product information. The purpose of falsification is to obtain illegal profits by reducing the production cost as a result of the unauthorized replacement of qualitative biological value of raw materials with less valuable. Most modern methods of falsification, one way or another, are restricted to changes in technology, the use of cheap raw materials and the subsequent bringing of physicochemical indicators to the established requirements of regulatory documents. The production and realization of counterfeit products also contributes to unfair competition in the food market, as a result of which manufacturers of quality goods are at a disadvantage. The purpose of this paper is to develop methods for determining the cottage cheese falsification, in particular, the defining dairy raw materials the product is made of (natural milk or skimmed milk powder). The research result is that the histological method has been developed for the first time. The method is capable of determining the type of milk raw material in the cottage cheese production with high accuracy, and preventing information falsification of this product.

scholarly journals THE RESEARCH OF THE TYPES OF MOISTURE BONDS IN PROTEIN-CARBOHYDRATE CONCENTRATES OF CHEESE WHEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (34) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V BOGDANOVA ◽  
Elena I MELNIKOVA ◽  
Irina B KOSHEVAROVA
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Residual Moisture ◽  
Protein Mass ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Main Components

The purpose of the research is to improve the technology of producing cheese whey proteincarbohydrate concentrates, in terms of binding moisture with the main components. Objects of the research were natural cheese whey obtained in the production of Rossiyskii cheese and ultrafiltration cheese whey concentrates with protein dry matter percentage of 35 and 55%, produced with the use of MMS Swissflow UF industrial ultrafiltration unit with ceramic membranes. The chemical composition and Physico-chemical properties of raw materials and the finished product have been studied using standard methods. Three stages of sample dehydration have been identified. They conform to moisture release with different bonds and energy. Stage I is the production area where unbound moisture is heated and removed, and water molecules are held by weak capillary forces. Stage II is the production area for immobilized moisture removal. Stage III is the production area for chemically bound water removal, which conforms to the residual moisture after drying the sample. An increase in the least mobile water and a change in the ratio between different types of moisturebinding have been observed with an increase in the protein mass fraction in the dry matter of the samples. It has been found that the Maillard reaction occurred in cheese whey concentrates with protein dry matter percentage of 35 and 55% at the temperatures above 78 and 70 °C, respectively. The temperature range of the unbound moisture release was increasing during the drying process due to an increase of the protein content in concentrates as well as the rate of interaction between proteins and lactose leading to non-enzymatic browning of dry products. It has been established that drying cheese whey protein-carbohydrate concentrates with protein dry matter percentage of 35, and 55% is inexpedient at temperatures exciding 130 and 173 °C, respectively.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF FRUIT-BERRY WINE TECHNOLOГY BASED ON BIOCATALYTIC PROCESSES

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-77
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Cytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Main Components

In the conditions of Uzbekistan, to increase the ranгe of production of natural and environmentally friendly wine products from fruit and berry raw materials, as well as to effectively use raw materials, the production of export-oriented natural younг wines is a very urгent problem, based on the fact that the purpose of our study was to improve the existinг technoloгies in the Republic. for the production of fruit and berry wines on a biocatalytic basis, by stimulatinг zymoгenic enzymes of raw materials and yeast exohydrolases. To achieve this гoal, berries such as red cherries, strawberries, raspberries, currants and shotut were used as objects. The subject of the study was the creation of a fundamentally new technoloгy for the production of natural and export-oriented wine products from fruit and berry raw materials, as well as the research method was the determination of physicochemical, biochemical, technical and technoloгical parameters and the analysis of orгanoleptic indicators of objects by standard methods. The study showed that under an unfavorable environment, the cells of fruit and berry raw materials fall into stress as a result, under the influence of zymogenic exo- and endo enzymes of plant cells, it degrades biopolymers such as pectin and protein, which are the main components of the cytoplasmic membrane of cells, and a fundamentally new technology was developed, which allows to separate the fermentation process from the extraction of valuable components of raw materials due to the enhancement of the secondary metabolism of yeast associated with "high synthesis" in a controlled fermentation process. Moreover, in the process of carbon dioxide maceration, the yield of high-quality juice from 1 ton of raw material was increased by 10-12%, and the yield of wine material due to a decrease in yeast increased by 3.5%, due to the continuity of the process by 0.7% and the biosynthesis of ethyl alcohol was increased by 1 ÷ 1.5% vol. Natural wine products have been developed that have a pleasant harmonious taste and aroma due to their organoleptic properties.

scholarly journals Selection of Peat Firefighting Foam from Palm Oil Fatty Acid Saponification with Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purwo Subekti ◽  
Erliza Hambali ◽  
Ani Suryani ◽  
Prayoga Suryadarma ◽  
Bambang Hero Saharjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Sodium Laurate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Foaming Agents ◽  
Simple Additive Weighting ◽  
Peat Fires

Fire suppression on peatlands requires large amounts of water and a longer time, hence it is necessary to develop extinguishing material that needs less water and time. Thus the negative impact of the fire can be solved immediately. One alternative for fire suppression that saves water and time is the application of foaming agents as an extinguishing material. This study aims to select the raw material of foaming agent from palm oil fatty acid saponification using the SAW method. Analysis results revealed that the best raw materials were sodium laurate and potassium palmitate, with the highest weight values of 70, 08 and 53, 87. Both of these materials have complementary properties. Sodium laurate can produce a lot of foam and reduce large surface tension. Potassium Palmitate produces the foam which can last the longest so that with the formulation of the two ingredients it is expected to produce foam that can extinguish peat fires.

scholarly journals Utilization of Electronic Waste for Energy-saving Lamp Circuits

2021 ◽  
Vol 2111 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
Zamtinah ◽  
I Mustaqim ◽  
HS Pramono
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Initial Product ◽  
Used Goods

Abstract Indonesia is one of the largest electronic consumer countries in the world. The negative impact unless the increase in the use of electrical energy, there is also an increase in electronic waste or e-waste. If electronic waste (e-waste) is not managed properly, it will cause its own problems, especially environmental health problems. One alternative to overcome these problems is the use of e-waste as a raw material for a series of Waste-Based Energy Saving Lamps, abbreviated as SLHE BBL. This study aims to develop SLHE BBL prototypes base on electric and electronics waste, and test the performance of SLHE BBL prototypes. The SLHE BBL method developed by research and development adapted from Borg & Gall with the following stages: First, needs analysis and product planning; Second: Initial product development, validation and initial product revision. Third: Product development, testing, product revision. Fourth: Finalization dan Dissemination. The research instrument consisted of an observation sheet, luxmeter, voltmeter, ammeter, multimeter, watt meter. The collected data was then analyzed quantitatively and descriptively. The results of the research are as follows: 1) waste that can be recycled into raw materials for SLHE BBL include: resistors, capacitors, LED lights on computer mice or electronic component indicators, used goods casings, adapters, diodes, cables, TV’s control remote; 2) Electrical and mechanical design of SLHE BBL can be assembled into prototype of SLHE BBL; 3) The performance of the SLHE BBL prototype is that the lamp can be adjusted in colour and light intensity; the measured electrical parameters are within the range in accordance with the provisions of electrical standards such as Perasyaratan Umum Instalasi Lstrik (PUIL), International Electrical Commisionin (IEC), or National Electrical Code (NEC)

scholarly journals Healthy milk snack

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
O. I. Dolmatova ◽  
T. E. Chernysheva
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Small Mass ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cottage Cheese ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Protective Culture

Cottage cheese and curd products are presented on the Russian dairy market. The latter are most popular with the addition of flavoring fillers, such as fruit and berry, nut and chocolate, and others. Despite the benefits of cottage cheese and curd products, fast food is currently in great demand. Fast food is food that is designed to satisfy hunger in a matter of minutes. It has both its advantages: fast, tasty, cheap enough; and cons: such products are high in calories, addictive, as they contain flavor enhancers, cause and exacerbate diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, etc. We offer an alternative to classic fast food – the curd product "Curd Fitness Candy". The manufacturing process of the curd product is carried out in the following sequence: acceptance and preparation of raw materials; drawing up a curd mixture and a mixture for glazing (according to the recipe); cooling; molding; glazing; second cooling; packaging and labeling. Technological equipment for the production of curd product includes molding and enrobing machines; refrigeration tunnel. The following ingredients are used as raw material sources for the curd base: cottage cheese, butter, granulated sugar and sweetener; for glaze: butter, melon or watermelon syrup, starch. In order to extend the shelf life of the product by 30%, in addition to the traditional starter culture, a protective culture is introduced in the development of the curd base. The curd product “Curd Fitness Candy” is tasty and healthy; not addictive; stored 30% longer compared to glazed curds without changing the quality characteristics; has an original shape in the form of a star, oval, rhombus, etc.; unconventional colored glaze using melon syrup, watermelon, etc.; colorful design of labeling material; small mass (per bite); rich vitamin and mineral composition; reduced amount of carbohydrates; It belongs to the group of products recommended for reduced nutrition.

scholarly journals Topical issues of providing raw materials to woodworking industry enterprises in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Guzhva ◽  
Yevhen Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Deep Processing ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Timber Products ◽  
Timber Market

Introduction. Woodworking industry splits into two main sectors – primary and deep processing of wood, which fundamentally differ from each other. While primary wood processing requires common timber assortments (usually coniferous) production of deep processing products – plywood, particleboards and fiberboards – needs valuable and scarce assortments of hardwood like alder or birch. Problems with access to valuable raw materials remain one of the key factors in the development of the Ukrainian woodworking industry for many years. Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to identify main shortcomings of Ukrainian timber market that create the biggest obstacles for domestic deep wood processing business; and to propose legal and regulatory mechanisms for ensuring stable and priority access of woodworking enterprises to quality timber products. Research results. Woodworking industry development is constrained with smuggling of valuable hardwood assortments (birch and alder), which serve as raw material for the manufacture of veneer, plywood, fiberboard; as well as with large-scale exports of wood particles to Turkey. In addition, abolished State Forestry Agency’s Order #42 that obliged to distribute scarce hardwood assortments only among those businesses that have appropriate facilities for its rational consumption. This greatly enhanced risks to misuse rare wood varieties for the needs that can be met by consumption of less-quality or more widespread assortments. The results of economic modeling show that strengthening the negative tendencies with the access of domestic woodworking manufacturers to plywood raw materials will have a negative impact on all related industries, employment and the economy as a whole; Ukraine will increase raw material exports and imports of finished furniture and paper products produced from exported raw materials. Conclusions. In order to avoid a negative scenario in the deep wood processing industry, it is necessary to adopt the Law on the Timber Market built upon the principle of targeting access to technical and plywood raw materials. It’s also necessary to enact and guarantee the practical implementation on preserving Ukrainian forests and preventing the illegal export of unprocessed wood.

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