scholarly journals Characteristics of runoff pollution in a highly urbanized region: A case study in the Dongguan City

2021 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Qiming Liu ◽  
Jingni Zeng ◽  
Hongyan Wu ◽  
Qiangqiang Rong ◽  
Wencong Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Public ◽  
Dongguan City ◽  
Pollution Emissions ◽  
The City ◽  
Pollution Loads ◽  
Runoff Pollution

Urban runoff pollution has become one of the major sources of water pollution. Rapid urbanization process in China has led to a significant increase in the pollution loads, which has posed great threats on the regional water environmental safety. Thus, it is of great importance to systematically analyse the characteristics of runoff pollution in some typical highly urbanized regions. Taking the Dongguan City in South China as the study area, output and spatial characteristics of the pollution emissions were investigated through a GIS-based empirical model. The results showed that the annual pollution loads of chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) exported from the city were approximately 338489, 613175, 28292 and 2824 t/a, respectively. In particular, the Songshan Lake Area in the city had the largest pollution loads, while the Water Town New Area had the least. In terms of pollution export fluxes unit area, they were highest in the Central Downtown Area (i.e. 2124, 3450, 145 and 16 kg/hm2 a for COD, SS, TN and TP, respectively) and relatively lower in the Southeastern Bordering Shenzhen Area. Enhancing the environmental management and improving the public environmental protection awareness are necessary for mitigating runoff pollution.

scholarly journals Complex Modernization of Public Infrastructure and Hospitality as a Factor in the Sustainable Development of the City in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Maryna Melnykova ◽  
Yеlyzaveta Gradoboіeva ◽  
Tetiana Mirzodaieva ◽  
Nadiia Ragulina
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
The City

The sustainable development of the city involves the solving of economic, environmental and social problems through the modernization of various spheres of the urban economy. The modernization of related and interrelated spheres of the city’s economy should be based on an integrated approach. The hospitality and public infrastructure are such spheres. Their relationship is due to both technical and technological features and the possibilities of achieving the goals of sustainable development of the city (the hospitality sector contributes to the growth of openness of the city and the life support and environmental sustainability of the city directly depends on the state and development of public infrastructure). The priorities of the modernization of public infrastructure and hospitality for sustainable development of the city have been determined. The condition of the public infrastructure and hospitality in cities of Ukraine was analyzed from the point of view of modernization for sustainable development. The experience of modernization of public infrastructure and hospitality in sustainable European cities (including improving energy efficiency, strengthening environmental safety, creating a barrier-free environment) has been studied. The technical, technological, financial and institutional features that determine the feasibility of modernizing the public infrastructure and hospitality based on the principles of an integrated approach have been determined. The recommendations of the mechanism of public-private partnership using in the implementation of projects for the modernization of public utilities infrastructure and hospitality of the city have been developed. The decision-making tools for managing resources have been proposed for the justification and implementation of a project to modernize public infrastructure and hospitality based on a comprehensive approach.  Key Words: city, sustainable development, public infrastructure, hospitality, modernization, integrated approach.

Stray Dogs and the Making of Modern Paris*

2017 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Pearson
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
The Public ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Stray Dog ◽  
The City ◽  
First World

Abstract This article traces the policing of stray dogs in Paris from the French Revolution to the outbreak of the First World War. It argues that long-standing rabies anxieties dovetailed with the emergence of the public hygiene movement, fears of rapid urbanization, vagrancy and crime, modernization projects, and the veneration of the pedigree pet dog to cast the stray dog as an unwelcome presence on the city’s streets. Parisian public hygienists and authorities turned strays into a problem that they would solve to make the city safe, clean and modern. Combating strays became a matter of social defence and medical police.

Hospitals: N.Y. Appellate Court Denies Move to Privatize Public Hospital

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
Robert Chatham
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Municipal Hospital ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Benefit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Benefit Corporation ◽  
The City

The Court of Appeals of New York held, in Council of the City of New York u. Giuliani, slip op. 02634, 1999 WL 179257 (N.Y. Mar. 30, 1999), that New York City may not privatize a public city hospital without state statutory authorization. The court found invalid a sublease of a municipal hospital operated by a public benefit corporation to a private, for-profit entity. The court reasoned that the controlling statute prescribed the operation of a municipal hospital as a government function that must be fulfilled by the public benefit corporation as long as it exists, and nothing short of legislative action could put an end to the corporation's existence.In 1969, the New York State legislature enacted the Health and Hospitals Corporation Act (HHCA), establishing the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC) as an attempt to improve the New York City public health system. Thirty years later, on a renewed perception that the public health system was once again lacking, the city administration approved a sublease of Coney Island Hospital from HHC to PHS New York, Inc. (PHS), a private, for-profit entity.

Milestone solution for snow removal problem in Moscow

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Snow Removal ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Deicing Agents

The main principle of the strategy for the complex improvement of the functioning of northern cities in winter, including their infrastructure development, is a comprehensive solution of the problem of industrial-scale snow-mass collection, removal and utilization at different areas of urban roadway networks. For its implementation in the capital of Russia, “MosvodokanalNIIproject” JSC developed in 2002 the Snow Removal Master Plan for the city of Moscow. The meteorological conditions in the city, which have changed considerably in the recent years, including the changes in the snow-cover depth and in the road-surface areas to be cleaned, as well as emerging of new technologies for the cleaning of urban streets, yards and sidewalks and some new types of deicing agents, resulted in the necessity to update the above-mentioned Snow Removal Master Plan developed for the city of Moscow. Efficient application of deicing agents is of special importance for its updating in the context of the environmental safety of the city in a winter period. The article considers the results of the implementation of the updated Snow Removal Master Plan and contains some proposals concerning snow removal under the conditions of extreme snowfalls.

Perancangan Boneka Edukasi Terinspirasi oleh Pencipta Boneka Si Unyil

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azhari Amri
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Urban Culture ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Rural Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The City ◽  
Simple Materials

Film Unyil puppet comes not just part of the entertainment world that can be enjoyed by people from the side of the story, music, and dialogue. However, there is more value in it which is a manifestation of the creator that can be absorbed into the charge for the benefit of educating the children of Indonesia to the public at large. The Unyil puppet created by the father of Drs. Suyadi is one of the works that are now widely known by the whole people of Indonesia. The process of creating a puppet Unyil done with simple materials and formation of character especially adapted to the realities of the existing rural region. Through this process, this research leads to the design process is fundamentally educational puppet inspired by the creation of Si Unyil puppet. The difference is the inspiring character created in this study is on the characters that exist in urban life, especially the city of Jakarta. Thus the results of this study are the pattern of how to shape the design of products through the creation of the puppet with the approach of urban culture.

Survey of the Ecological State of Eight Man-Made Lakes Within the City Limits of Freiburg, Germany

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-310
Author(s):  
Agnes G. Pulvermüller ◽  
Heidulf E. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Secchi Depth ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
The City ◽  
Oxygen Profiles

Abstract The survey of the ecological condition of eight lakes within the city limits of Freiburg included hydrochemical measurements and analyses (oxygen profiles, Secchi depth, pH, biochemical oxygen demand) together with biological parameters (chlorophyll a, phytoplanktonbiomass, Escherichia coli counts), as well as parasitic examinations. Only some of the investigated parameters are presented here. Seven of the eight lakes were found to be eutrophic. The process of eutrophication appears to be still in progress. One lake can be considered to be hypertrophic. Schistosome dermatitis was observed. The water quality in general was considered to be acceptable; suggestions to maintain or improve the water quality are made.

Incorporating concepts from physical theory into stochastic modelling of urban runoff pollution

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Morten Grum
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Physical Theory ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Stochastic Modelling ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
Deterministic Modelling ◽  
Runoff Pollution

On evaluating the present or future state of integrated urban water systems, sewer drainage models, with rainfall as primary input, are often used to calculate the expected return periods of given detrimental acute pollution events and the uncertainty thereof. The model studied in the present paper incorporates notions of physical theory in a stochastic model of water level and particulate chemical oxygen demand (COD) at the overflow point of a Dutch combined sewer system. A stochastic model based on physical mechanisms has been formulated in continuous time. The extended Kalman filter has been used in conjunction with a maximum likelihood criteria and a non-linear state space formulation to decompose the error term into system noise terms and measurement errors. The bias generally obtained in deterministic modelling, by invariably and often inappropriately assuming all error to result from measurement inaccuracies, is thus avoided. Continuous time stochastic modelling incorporating physical, chemical and biological theory presents a possible modelling alternative. These preliminary results suggest that further work is needed in order to fully appreciate the method's potential and limitations in the field of urban runoff pollution modelling.

Towards a Customized¬ Awareness Campaign to Educate the Public about COVID-19: Development and Validation of a Messaging Campaign to Promote Precautionary Behavior Using Geospatial Intelligence in Saudi Arabia (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayda Alrige ◽  
Hind Bitar Bitar ◽  
Maram Meccawi ◽  
Balakrishnan Mullachery
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Awareness Campaign ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technique ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Local Map ◽  
The City ◽  
Intelligence Technique

BACKGROUND Designing a health promotion campaign is never an easy task, especially during a pandemic of a highly infectious disease, such as Covid-19. In Saudi Arabia, many attempts have been made toward raising the public awareness about Covid-19 infection-level and its precautionary health measures that have to be taken. Although this is useful, most of the health information delivered through the national dashboard and the awareness campaign are very generic and not necessarily make the impact we like to see on individuals’ behavior. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to build and validate a customized awareness campaign to promote precautionary health behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. The customization is realized by utilizing a geospatial artificial intelligence technique called Space-Time Cube (STC) technique. METHODS This research has been conducted in two sequential phases. In the first phase, an initial library of thirty-two messages was developed and validated to promote precautionary messages during the COVID-19 pandemic. This phase was guided by the Fogg Behavior Model (FBM) for behavior change. In phase 2, we applied STC as a Geospatial Artificial Intelligence technique to create a local map for one city representing three different profiles for the city districts. The model was built using COVID-19 clinical data. RESULTS Thirty-two messages were developed based on resources from the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia. The enumerated content validity of the messages was established through the utilization of Content Validity Index (CVI). Thirty-two messages were found to have acceptable content validity (I-CVI=.87). The geospatial intelligence technique that we used showed three profiles for the districts of Jeddah city: one for high infection, another for moderate infection, and the third for low infection. Combining the results from the first and second phases, a customized awareness campaign was created. This awareness campaign would be used to educate the public regarding the precautionary health behaviors that should be taken, and hence help in reducing the number of positive cases in the city of Jeddah. CONCLUSIONS This research delineates the two main phases to developing a health awareness messaging campaign. The messaging campaign, grounded in FBM, was customized by utilizing Geospatial Artificial Intelligence to create a local map with three district profiles: high-infection, moderate-infection, and low-infection. Locals of each district will be targeted by the campaign based on the level of infection in their district as well as other shared characteristics. Customizing health messages is very prominent in health communication research. This research provides a legitimate approach to customize health messages during the pandemic of COVID-19.

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