scholarly journals Agrochemical Effects Of Plasma-Treated Wate

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Petryaeva ◽  
Maria Andrianova ◽  
Dmitry Korotkov ◽  
Sergey Korotkov ◽  
Georgy Spichkin
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Electric Discharge ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Fruit Body ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Electric Discharges ◽  
Allium Test ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Short Time

Plasma-treated water can positively influence on plants, but the effect depends on a type of plasma-generating setup. Experimental setup with rather short time of water treatment was created and biological effects of plasma-treated water produced by it were investigated. The setup generated electric-discharge low-temperature plasma in air bubbles moving through water. Electric discharges were initiated by high voltage pulses with amplitude of ~ 30 kV and rise front ~ 8 mks at frequency up to 500 Hz. After 2-3 minutes of water treatment by the electric-discharge plasma increase of electric conductivity and redox potential, concentrations of nitric acid were observed in water. Treatment of pumpkin, beet and pea seeds in experimental device (together with water) stimulated their germination. Plasma-treated water alone also stimulated germination of pea and bean seeds, increased yield of fruit body mass for oyster mushroom. Allium test showed inhibition of root growth by plasma-treated water due to its low pH, but neutralization with NaOH, Na2CO3 or Ca(OH)2 eliminated this effect. The authors suppose that the created setup can be applied in local crop farms for seeds disinfection and growth stimulation.

scholarly journals Cyanobacteria and microcystin contamination in untreated and treated drinking water in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Naa Dzama Addico ◽  
Jörg D. Hardege ◽  
Jiri Kohoutek ◽  
Kweku Amoaku Atta DeGraft-Johnson ◽  
Pavel Babica
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Maximal Concentration ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Treated Drinking Water ◽  
Who Guideline

<p>Although cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxins represent a worldwide-occurring phenomenon, there are large differences among different countries in cyanotoxin-related human health risk assessment, management practices and policies. While national standards, guideline values and detailed regulatory frameworks for effective management of cyanotoxin risks have been implemented in many industrialized countries, the extent of cyanobacteria occurrence and cyanotoxin contamination in certain geographical regions is under-reported and not very well understood. Such regions include major parts of tropical West and Central Africa, a region constisting of more than 25 countries occupying an area of 12 million km<sup>2</sup>, with a total population of 500 milion people. Only few studies focusing on cyanotoxin occurrence in this region have been published so far, and reports dealing specifically with cyanotoxin contamination in drinking water are extremely scarce. In this study, we report seasonal data on cyanobacteria and microcystin (MC) contamination in drinking water reservoirs and adjacent treatment plants located in Ghana, West Africa. During January-June 2005, concentrations of MCs were monitored in four treatment plants supplying drinking water to major metropolitan areas in Ghana: the treatment plants Barekese and Owabi, which serve Kumasi Metropolitan Area, and the plants Kpong and Weija, providing water for Accra-Tema Metropolitan Area. HPLC analyses showed that 65% samples of raw water at the intake of the treatment plants contained intracellular MCs (maximal detected concentration was 8.73 µg L<sup>-1</sup>), whereas dissolved toxins were detected in 33% of the samples. Significant reduction of cyanobacterial cell counts and MC concentrations was achieved during the entire monitoring period by the applied conventional water treatment methods (alum flocculation, sedimentation, rapid sand filtration and chlorination), and MC concentration in the final treated water never exceeded 1 µg L<sup>-1</sup> (WHO guideline limit for MCs in drinking water). However, cyanobacterial cells (93-3,055 cell mL<sup>-1</sup>) were frequently found in the final treated water and intracellular MCs were detected in 17% of the samples (maximal concentration 0.61 µg L<sup>-1</sup>), while dissolved MCs were present in 14% of the final treated water samples (maximal concentration 0.81 µg L<sup>-1</sup>). It indicates a borderline efficiency of the water treatment, thus MC concentrations in drinking water might exceed the WHO guideline limit if the treatment efficiency gets compromised. In addition, MC concentrations found in the raw water intake might represent significant human health risks for people living in areas with only a limited access to the treated or underground drinking water.</p>

EOR Returned Polymer Removal from Produced Water by Chemical Coagulation – A Successful Pilot Testing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Zagitov ◽  
Jaisankar Subramanian ◽  
Srinivasa Rao Gopisetty ◽  
Avinash Kumar ◽  
Vinay Mathur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Chemical Coagulation ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
North West ◽  
Solids Loading

Abstract Severe fouling of crude oil and produced water treatment equipment of Mangala Processing Terminal (MPT) with elastic deposits has been observed after EOR polymer breaking through to the producing wells. Fouling by polymer containing solids caused the system bottlenecking impacting on crude production rates and deterioration of water quality for injection due to increase of total solids loading. The objective of the study included developing the water treatment technology for removing the returned polymer, developing the pilot run for implementation of the technology and scaling up the process if the pilot shows success. Crude processed at MPT is produced from Mangala, Bhagyam and Aishwarya fields which are located at the north-west part of India. Full field polymer flooding has been implemented in the Mangala field from 2015. Fouling of downhole and topside equipment with elastic deposits has been reported soon after polymer breakthrough the same year. For reducing the fouling potential and solids loading, the concept of removing the returned polymer from produced water has been considered as beneficial. Removal of polymer through the chemical coagulation was considered for developing. Extensive laboratory and bench testing have been carried out. Based on the laboratory results, the pilot was developed and carried out on the flotation equipment available at MPT. In the laboratory and bench test for polymer coagulation, over 70% polymer removal was achieved with non-sticky flocks and minimal sludge. The tests also demonstrated reduced suspended solids, residual oil and filterability improvement of treated water. The pilot run confirmed effectiveness of the chemical coagulation process to remove polymer. Polymer removal &gt; 70% was observed during the pilot. Oil removal from produced water at 60-80% was seen. Cloud point of polymer remaining in water increased from 60°C to &gt; 110°C indicating on the significant potential reduction of remaining polymer to precipitate from treated water. The pilot results demonstrated on the applicability of the technology of chemical polymer removal at MPT and will be used for scaling up the treatment facilities.

Volatile Organic Compounds in Water at Thirty Canadian Potable Water Treatment Facilities

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1370-1374
Author(s):  
Rein Otson ◽  
David T Williams ◽  
Peter D Bothwell
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

Abstract A static headspace technique and previously developed and evaluated dynamic headspace and liquid-liquid extraction techniques were applied in a survey of volatile organic compounds in water at 30 Canadian potable water treatment facilities. Of the 43 compounds investigated, 27 compounds were detected in the water samples. Chloroform and bromodichloromethane occurred most frequently in treated water, and trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylenes occurred frequently in both treated and raw water. Only chloroform occurred frequently at levels above 10 μg/L in treated water. Generally, higher levels of organic compounds were found during August-September than during November-December.

Autonomous Water Treatment Installation Energized from PV Panels

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Komarzyniec ◽  
Henryka D. Stryczewska ◽  
Robert Muszanski
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Barrier Discharge ◽  
Power Network ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Dielectric Barrier ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Experimental Stand

AbstractLow temperature plasma generated by dielectric barrier discharge is well known source of active specious that can be applied in processes of water, air and soil treatment. Ozone generators can be energized from solar energy. The solution is specially advantageous in the regions with satisfactory solar radiation situated in remote terrains far from power network. Paper presents results of research carried out at the experimental stand as well as at the prototype of autonomous water treatment installation for domestic purposes, energized from photovoltaic panels.

Gram Scale and Room Temperature Functionalization of Boron Nitride Nanosheets for Water Treatment

NANO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (08) ◽  
pp. 1950107
Author(s):  
Shirin Daneshnia ◽  
Mohsen Adeli ◽  
Yaghoub Mansourpanah
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Hexagonal Boron Nitride ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Covalent Functionalization ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Straightforward Approach

Two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride is a fascinating nanomaterial with a broad range of potential applications. However, further development of this nanomaterial is hampered because of its poor functionality and low processability. One of the efficient strategies for improving the processability of two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride is the covalent functionalization of this nanomaterial. In this study, we report on a straightforward approach for functionalization of two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride by lithium cyclopentadienyl and its application for water treatment. Cyclopentadienyl-functionalized boron nitride was characterized by different spectroscopy and microscopy methods as well as thermal and BET analysis. The synthesized nanomaterial was able to efficiently remove methylene blue from water in a short time. Adsorption capacity of this nanomaterial was as high as 476.3[Formula: see text]mg/g, which was superior to the nonfunctionalized boron nitride. Our results showed that cyclopentadienyl-functionalized boron nitride is a promising candidate for the removal of cationic pollutants from water.

The plasma-chemical formation of polysorbate 80-coated silver nanoparticles and composite materials for water treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Ivanovna Skiba ◽  
Viktoria Vorobyova
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Polysorbate 80 ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Colloidal Solutions ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Water Treatment Process

Purpose This paper aims to propose a simple, eco-friendly method for obtaining colloidal solutions of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) by using of contact non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma in presents polysorbate-80 and to assess their antibacterial activity in composite materials (beads) for water treatment process. Design/methodology/approach Silver nanoparticles were prepared in aqueous AgNO3 solution by using of contact non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma in the present of nonionic surfactant polysorbate-80 (Tween 80) as capping agent. Ultraviolet–visible (UV) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and zeta potential analysis were used to study the formation and properties of silver nanoparticles. Findings The formation of silver colloidal solutions in the presence of capping agent under plasma discharge is characterized by the presence of peak λmax = 380 – 402 nm in the spectra. The addition of sodium alginate into the reaction mixture allows synthesizing stable colloidal silver solutions. The average size of formed silver particles is up to 50 nm. Ag NPs exhibited an excellent bactericidal activity against both gram-positive and gram- negative bacteria. Composite beads prepared using nonionic surfactant were found to be effective in disinfecting the Staphylococcus aureus to different extents. Research limitations/implications Further studies are necessary for confirmation of the practical application, especially of the toxicity of Ag NPs, as well as the sorption properties of the alginate beads with Ag NPs. Practical implications The method provides a simple and practical solution to improving the synthesis of colloidal solutions of Ag NPs for water treatment process. Originality/value Contact nonequilibrium low-temperature plasma can be used as an effective technique for synthesis of nanomaterials.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document