scholarly journals Defining of criteria for flue gas decarbonization efficiency in methanation reactors with membrane technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Lăzăroiu ◽  
Lucian Mihăescu ◽  
Dana-Alexandra Ciupăgeanu ◽  
Rodica-Manuela Grigoriu ◽  
Dana-Andreya Bondrea
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Practical Applications

The paper presents an investigation on the conditions for implementing a methanation membrane decarbonator coupled to an energy installation that generates flue gases. The retention of the carbon dioxide content in the flue gases and its conversion to methane is envisaged. For start, low thermal power installations, employing natural gas as main fuel supply, are considered. Internal combustion engines (also working with natural gas fuel) are taken into account for the testing of the carbon dioxide retention process. For this, a classification of the flue gas composition by fuel categories is initially carried out. The decarbonation efficiency is defined and clarifications are made withal regarding the connection between the decarbonation installation and the energy plant. The first practical achievements are also presented, resulting from a decarbonator with a volume of 940 cm3 (having the inner diameter of 12 cm and a height of 50 cm). The results prove that the proposed solution has great potential for practical applications, further research being however necessary. In terms of operating costs (including hydrogen consumption), it is remarked that they can be reduced by exploiting the methane production and eliminating the carbon tax, extending the integration perspective form economic point of view.

Application of Disk Aerators to Recarbonation of Alkaline Wastewater from Wet Gasification of Carbide

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gomólka ◽  
B. Gomólka
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Content ◽  
Patent Claim ◽  
Phase Dispersion

Whenever possible, neutralization of alkaline wastewater should involve low-cost acid. It is conventional to make use of carbonic acid produced via the reaction of carbon dioxide (contained in flue gases) with water according to the following equation: Carbon dioxide content in the flue gas stream varies from 10% to 15%. The flue gas stream may either be passed to the wastewater contained in the recarbonizers, or. enter the scrubbers (which are continually sprayed with wastewater) from the bottom in oountercurrent. The reactors, in which recarbonation occurs, have the ability to expand the contact surface between gaseous and liquid phase. This can be achieved by gas phase dispersion in the liquid phase (bubbling), by liquid phase dispersion in the gas phase (spraying), or by bubbling and spraying, and mixing. These concurrent operations are carried out during motion of the disk aerator (which is a patent claim). The authors describe the functioning of the disk aerator, the composition of the wastewater produced during wet gasification of carbide, the chemistry of recarbonation and decarbonation, and the concept of applying the disk aerator so as to make the wastewater fit for reuse (after suitable neutralization) as feeding water in acetylene generators.

scholarly journals Comparison between Concentrated Solar Power and Gas-Based Generation in Terms of Economic and Flexibility-Related Aspects in Chile

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1063
Author(s):  
Catalina Hernández Moris ◽  
Maria Teresa Cerda Guevara ◽  
Alois Salmon ◽  
Alvaro Lorca
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Cost Of Energy

The energy sector in Chile demands a significant increase in renewable energy sources in the near future, and concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies are becoming increasingly competitive as compared to natural gas plants. Motivated by this, this paper presents a comparison between solar technologies such as hybrid plants and natural gas-based thermal technologies, as both technologies share several characteristics that are comparable and beneficial for the power grid. This comparison is made from an economic point of view using the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) metric and in terms of the systemic benefits related to flexibility, which is very much required due to the current decarbonization scenario of Chile’s energy matrix. The results show that the LCOE of the four hybrid plant models studied is lower than the LCOE of the gas plant. A solar hybrid plant configuration composed of a photovoltaic and solar tower plant (STP) with 13 h of storage and without generation restrictions has an LCOE 53 USD/MWh, while the natural gas technology evaluated with an 85% plant factor and a variable fuel cost of 2.0 USD/MMBtu has an LCOE of 86 USD/MWh. Thus, solar hybrid plants under a particular set of conditions are shown to be more cost-effective than their closest competitor for the Chilean grid while still providing significant dispatchability and flexibility.

scholarly journals Improving the efficiency of power boilers by cooling the flue gases to the lowest possible temperature under the conditions of safe operation of reinforced concrete and brick chimneys of power plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 07014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Ibragimov ◽  
Sergei Cherkasov
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Safe Operation

The article presents data on the calculated values of improving the efficiency of fuel use at the thermal power plant as a result of the introduction of a technical solution for cooling the flue gases of boilers to the lowest possible temperature under the conditions of safe operation of reinforced concrete and brick chimneys with a constant value of the flue gas temperature, when changing the operating mode of the boiler.

Thermo-Economic Performance of a Cogeneration Medium–Small Modular Nuclear Reactor Plant in Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaoming Ge ◽  
Tomohiko Ikegawa ◽  
Koji Nishida ◽  
Carey J. Simonson
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Integrated Systems ◽  
Cogeneration Plant ◽  
Reactor Plant ◽  
High Co2

Hitachi-GE developed a 300 MWel class modular simplified and medium small reactor (DMS) concept, and the DMS was originally designed for generating electricity only. In this study, the feasibility of a cogeneration DMS plant which supplies both electricity and heat is under investigation. The thermal performance of the DMS plant without or with low-, medium-, or high-temperature thermal utilization (TU) applications is evaluated by numerical simulations. The results show that the electricity generated reduces as the heating requirement of TU application becomes higher. Furthermore, the economic performance of the cogeneration DMS plant is compared with another two integrated systems: (i) DMS plus electric boilers and (ii) DMS plus natural gas boilers, for those three TU applications in Canada. The results illustrate that the DMS plus natural gas boilers system are most economic if there is no carbon tax, but with high-CO2 emissions (up to 180 kton per year). The cogeneration plant performs best as the carbon tax increases up to $40/ton. The cogeneration DMS plant is a promising scheme to supply both electricity and heat simultaneously in the economic-environmental point of view.

Flue-Gas Desulfurization Technology and its Equipment

2013 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 466-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Di Hao ◽  
Tian Zhai ◽  
Yong Fang Zhang ◽  
Jian Yong Lei ◽  
Tian Qi Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Flue Gas Desulfurization ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Main Component

The peak of power consumption will be brought by the rapid development of the industry. Thermal power is still the main component of electric energy at present. More and more attention has been paid on the atmospheric pollution caused by the thermal power plant in our country. The sulfur dioxide (SO2), one of the thermal power plant flue gases, is dangerous to the environment and human. Effective SO2 control technology can not only reduce the environmental pollution but also the sulfur can be recovered in order to conserve resources.

Advanced Gas Turbine Technology for Sendai Thermal Power Station, Unit No. 4

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadahiro Ohno ◽  
Hiroyuki Yamazaki ◽  
Naoki Hagi ◽  
Hidehiko Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Power Station ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Station Unit

Worldwide environmental concerns are placing center focus on effective utilization of energy and carbon dioxide emission reductions. The power generation industry has engaged in the replacement of existing aged thermal power plants with state-of-the-art natural gas fired power plants capable of achieving considerable reductions in energy consumption and emissions of green house gases. The replacement of three exiting 175MW heavy oil and coal-firing power plants with a highly effective 446MW gas-firing combined cycle power plant owned and operated by Tohoku Electric Power Company is one example of this effort. The construction of the new Sendai thermal power station, Unit No.4 started in November, 2007 achieving commercial operation in July, 2010. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries most recent 50Hz F class gas turbine upgrade, the M701F4 was adopted for this project. This engine is based on the successful M701F3 gas turbine with a 6% air flow increase and a slight bump of the turbine inlet temperature in order to achieve better thermal efficiency and more power output. The application of these advanced technologies resulted in a plant thermal efficiency of approximately 58% LHV of the new unit from the original 43% of the previous coal-firing units. The application of these advanced technologies and the use of natural gas resulted in a 2/3 carbon-dioxide emissions reduction.

scholarly journals Analysis of Carbon Tax on Selected European Countries: Does Carbon Tax Reduce Emissions?

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Ali Eren Alper
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Environmental Taxes

Since the first days of its existence, the humanity had been using natural resources to meet its needs. Especially along with the globalization period as a result of the Industrial Revolution and the rapid development of communication technologies within the last fifty years, the production has increased significantly in the world and has created negative effects on the environment. The leading adverse effects involve the emission of greenhouse gases and the global warming, which stem from the energy supply of fossil fuels as the main inputs of production. The global warming can be described as an increase in temperature worldwide. Irreversibility is the most important feature of the global warming. Therefore, in the absence of objective measures, the future costs would be much higher than the current ones. For this reason, governments need to take various measures to reduce the volume of emissions. The most important of these measures is carbon taxes. Carbon taxation encourages individuals to use fewer fossil fuels and to find new sources of energy by increasing the cost of using fossil fuels that cause carbon dioxide emissions through the price mechanism. To this end, the impacts of carbon tax levied in 18 selected European countries on economic growth, urbanization, natural gas and petroleum usage, and CO2 emissions are examined by panel data analysis for the 1995-2015 period. The analysis results indicate that a 1% increase in environmental taxes reduces carbon dioxide emissions by 0.9%. Furthermore, it is reported that a 1% increase in natural gas and petroleum consumption among the variables included in the analysis increased carbon dioxide emissions by 0.1% and 0.7%, respectively; while a 1% increase in urbanization reduced carbon dioxide emissions by 0.9%.

scholarly journals Development of Multimode Gas Fired Combined Cycle Chemical-Looping Combustion Based Power Plant Lay-Outs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basavaraja Revappa Jayadevappa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Operating Pressure

Abstract Operation of power plants in carbon dioxide capture and non-capture modes and energy penalty or energy utilization in such operations are of great significance. This work reports on two gas fired pressurized chemical-looping combustion power plant lay-outs with two inbuilt modes of flue gas exit namely, with carbon dioxide capture mode and second mode is letting flue gas (consists carbon dioxide and water) without capturing carbon dioxide. In the non-CCS mode, higher thermal efficiencies of 54.06% and 52.63% efficiencies are obtained with natural gas and syngas. In carbon capture mode, a net thermal efficiency of 52.13% is obtained with natural gas and 48.78% with syngas. The operating pressure of air reactor is taken to be 13 bar for realistic operational considerations and that of fuel reactor is 11.5 bar. Two power plant lay-outs developed based combined cycle CLC mode for natural gas and syngas fuels. A single lay-out is developed for two fuels with possible retrofit for dual fuel operation. The CLC Power plants can be operated with two modes of flue gas exit options and these operational options makes them higher thermal efficient power plants.

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