scholarly journals Improvement of the mechanical performance of Fergoug dam sediments treated for reuse in road engineering

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 01031
Author(s):  
LAROUCI Abdelkader ◽  
SENHADJI Yassine ◽  
LAOUFI Laïd ◽  
BENAZZOUK Amar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Road Engineering ◽  
Western Algeria

The phenomenon of siltation is one of the main problems facing many dams throughout the world, and particularly in Algeria. The mud, before and even after extraction, is always harmful. Indeed, mud is a harmful material, first for dams, because it reduces their capacity of water storage, and second, for the environment following the desilting operations that generate large quantities of materials that occupy and sometimes pollute large areas. However, these materials can be exploited differently and used in other fields. The envisaged research work relates to real cases of silted dams, such as the dam of Fergoug (western Algeria) whose siltation rate is very high; it is estimated at 97% of its initial capacity which, according to the National Agency for Dams (Agence Nationale des Barrages - ANB), is equal to 18 million m3. The large quantities of silt extracted present an environmental problem, and its use as a local raw material for the manufacture of civil engineering materials can contribute to solve this problem. The vulnerable lands of the sub-catchment of Wadi Fergoug (Fergoug River) extend over an area of 122 km2, from a total surface of 8340 km2 for the dam catchment area. There is a great diversity of superficial formations with predominantly clay soils from marly formations. The rate of specific erosion has increased to 160 T/ km2/ year due to irregular annual rainfall resulting from a succession of dry and wet years. Sedimentary materials, which are found in considerable quantities, were collected at the foot of the dam, on its right bank. This study attempts to find a recycling pathway for these sediments. The objective of the present work is to investigate the behavior of silt from the dam of Fergoug (Algeria) for the purpose of using it in road construction (foundation and base layers). The method adopted is to reconstitute, in the laboratory, samples of mixtures containing road aggregates with different proportions of silt. These samples are then subjected to various tests (Normal modified Proctor, Atterberg limits, VBS, Particle size analysis, Sedimentation, DRX etc …). The results of the tests indicate that some of the prepared mixtures present very interesting properties. These results satisfy the current recommendations of the technical guides; they also corroborate their use in road construction.

scholarly journals Characterization of avian eggshell waste aiming its use in a ceramic wall tile paste

Cerâmica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (324) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Freire ◽  
J. N. F. Holanda
Keyword(s):  
Wall Tile ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Waste Sample ◽  
Eggshell Waste

In Brazil, the food industry generates every year huge amounts of avian eggshell waste, and a critical question is to find an adequate use for this waste. The aim of this work is to determine the chemical, mineralogical and physical characteristics of a nonprocessed avian eggshell waste sample, as well as to investigate its use in wall tile paste. The sample was analyzed regarding to chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, morphology, particle size analysis, density, organic matter, soluble salts, and thermal analysis. The results indicated that the eggshell waste sample rich in CaCO3 can be used as an alternative raw material in the production of wall tile materials.

Preparation of Nano-TiO2 in Inverse Micro-Emulsion System with Compound Surfactant

2011 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Wen Yuan Gao ◽  
Xing Xin Jia ◽  
Mei Hong Niu ◽  
Nai Ling Tang ◽  
Zhi Qiang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Micro Emulsion ◽  
Emulsion Process ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Average Size

The nanosized TiO2 is prepared by micro-emulsion process in the system of cyclohexane / [Span80 combined with OP-10] / water with TiCl4 as raw material. The selection method of the surface-active agents was investigated and the influence of amount of surfactant, water / oil ratio and concentration of reactants on the particle size were discussed in this work. The temperature schedule, crystal structure, particle size distribution and appearance of the nanocrystalline TiO2 were analyzed by differential thermal analysis (DTA) combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD), laser particle size analysis (LPSA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that: under these conditions of mixture of 8g Span80 and 2g OP-10 as the emulsifier, water / oil mass ratio of 1/4, TiCl4 concentration of 0.6mol / L and calcinations temperature of 510°C, nanoTiO2 powder with smaller particle size and better dispersion was prepared . And the average size of the product was 27.3nm.

Size Reduction of Clay Particles in Nanometer Dimensions

2002 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopinath Mani ◽  
Qinguo Fan ◽  
Samuel C. Ugbolue ◽  
Isabelle M. Eiff
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Nano Size

ABSTRACTThis research work focuses on combining ball milling and ultrasonication to produce nano-size clay particles. Our work also emphasizes on increasing the specific surface area of montmorillonite clay particles by reducing the particle size to nanometer dimensions. We have characterized the as-received clay particles by using particle size analysis based on laser diffraction and found that the size of the clay particles is not consistent and the particle size distribution is very broad. However, after the unique treatment and processing, the clay particles were obtained in nanometer dimensions with narrowed particle size distribution.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical Screening, Formulation and Evaluation of Nanophytosomes of Aqueous Extracts of Trigonella foenum graecum., (Fabaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anitha Pramanayakam ◽  
Arjunkumar Panneerselvam
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Natural Drugs

Traditional approach is the one of the emerging field of biomedical sciences. In this research work, we have evaluated the traditional approaches of the ancient healer plant T. foenum graecum belonging to fabaceae family. The leaves of T. Foenum graecum was subjected to extraction process, phytochemical analysis, preparation of phytosome and evaluation of its characterization. The scientific data shows that, leave extracts contain flavonoids, alkaloids and glycosides etc., Nanophytosome was prepared by thin layer lipid hydration method. The preparation was evaluated for DSC, FTIR, SEM, TEM and particle size analysis. Recently, Nanophytosome methodology has been fruitfully applied over several well-known natural drugs such as ginseng, green tea hawthorn, olive oil and grape seed etc. Indeed, phytosome are superior to conventional drug delivery systems in terms of the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties. This research, we discusses the various aspects, components, methods of preparation of phytosome and their marketed formulations, therapeutic applications along with the recent research work reported on this technology.

scholarly journals Parametric Study of Matisaa Gray Rock as a Potential Clinker Material

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Mwendwa Geoffrey ◽  
Motochi Isaac ◽  
Otieno Fredrick
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Saturation Factor ◽  
Clinker Production

This study aimed at evaluating Matisaa gray rock (MGR) for clinker production. MGR is naturally abundant in Matisaa, a rural area in Mwingi West District, Kitui county, Kenya. It is locally used as a gabion filler and other concrete structures with desirable physico-mechanical properties. This research employed a controlled experimental design to determine the clinker qualification of MGR. This was based on particle size analysis and raw meal moduli. The standard sieve tests and a Blaine meter were used in the determination of particle size while the raw meal moduli were determined from the respective cement oxides in MGR, which were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometer. It was observed that 69.65% of the particle size composition of MGR was less than 90 . Out of this composition, 71.60% of the particle sizes were less than 45 , contributing to a specific surface area of 292.5 . The hydraulic modulus (2.05 – 2.61) and lime saturation factor (0.87 – 0.98) are quite desirable though the silica and alumina ratios are higher than the standard range due to the low proportions of  and  content. The sulfatisation modulus is also undesirable due to the high content of . Thus, without beneficiation, Matisaa gray rock would lead to the production of low-quality clinker. However, the general parametric comparison of Matisaa gray rock with Konza shows that it has the potential for utilization as a clinker raw material.

Large-Scale Fabrication of Ti3AlC2 Powder with High-Purity

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 948-951
Author(s):  
Chang An Wang ◽  
Chun Qing Peng ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
Yong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Sem Observation

A synthesis method of high-pure Ti3AlC2 powder with a large scale was presented as pressureless synthesis using TiC, Ti and Al powders as starting materials at 1300~1450°C in flow Ar. The different raw material scales were tested from 2 g to 1.0 kg, and the results showed that the purities of Ti3AlC2 powders could be kept around 97 wt% at different scales of raw materials. SEM observation and particle size analysis revealed that the synthesized Ti3AlC2 powders were uniform and around 5 μm in particle size. This method can be used for mass production of Ti3AlC2 powders with high-purity.

Evaluation of the Potential of Using Quartzite Residue in Mass for the Production of Sanitary Ware

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Simone Soares de Medeiros ◽  
L.N.L. Santana ◽  
V.J. Silva ◽  
Gelmires Araújo Neves ◽  
Hélio Lucena Lira
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Slip Casting ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Sanitary Ware ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Firing Process ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Clay Kaolin

Currently there is a great concern on the part of the industries with the disposal of waste generated in the production process. The quartzite processing industry generates significant amount of residue, consisting primarily of quartz. The aim of this work is to evaluate the incorporation of quartzite residue, replacing partially the quartz and feldspar, in ceramic mass used in the production of sanitary ware. The raw materials were characterized by chemical and particle size analysis. Compositions were formulated by varying the amount of residue and comparing with an industrial mass, consisted of clay, kaolin, feldspar and quartz. The slip casting process was used in the preparation of the specimens. The results showed that the residue can be considered as an alternative raw material for use in sanitary ware industry, since the ceramic slip presented appropriate rheological properties and after firing process the specimens presented physical and mechanical properties according to the specifications.

Development of Olanzapine Nano-Emulsion for Enhanced Brain Delivery

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1648-1659
Author(s):  
Madhusudan Rao Y ◽  
Shailaja M ◽  
Ramakrishna S ◽  
Ramesh G ◽  
K H Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nano Emulsion

The main objective of the present research work was to design, optimize and characterize olanzapine loaded nano-emulsion for improved brain transport of the drug.   Olanzapine nano-emulsion was formulated using the ultrasonication method. The formulation variables (oil and surfactant) and process variables (ultrasonication time) were optimized by Response surface methodology using the Box-Behnken statistical method. Particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential were measured by photon correlation spectroscopy using a Malvern zeta sizer. Morphology of emulsion droplets was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Release study was performed and drug release was estimated by HPLC method. Stability studies were performed at 4oC-25oC for a period of three months. The optimized nano-emulsion obtained showed a uniform size distribution with an average size in the range of 65.1 nm to 74.21 nm and surface charge in the range of –18.9 mv to – 25.23 mv. The Transmission electron microscopy studies on olanzapine nano-emulsion revealed a spherical morphology of globules. An average of 91.91% of drug was released from the optimized formulation over a period of 24 hours. The particle size analysis after three months showed no significant change implying that the nano-emulsion was quite stable when stored at room temperature. Stable olanzapine nano-emulsion was formulated. The novel nanoformulation was found to be a potential vehicle for delivery of olanzapine to the brain.

Synthesis, characterization, application and band gap study of calcium mercaptosuccinate

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1056-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Kannammal ◽  
S Palanikumar ◽  
B Meenarathi ◽  
R Anbarasan
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Metal Salt ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Experimental Conditions

In the present investigation, a new material was used for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ∊-caprolactone (∊-CL) as a chemical initiator. Generally, the metal salt initiated ROP of ∊-CL yielded a polymer with high melting temperature ( Tm). By keeping this idea in mind, the present research work was carried out. The PCL was synthesized under two different experimental conditions like Monomer to Initiator Ratio ([M/I]) and temperature variation. The optical band gap ( Eg) value for a hybrid was found to be reduced whereas after making composites the same was increased due to the encapsulation effect. The Tm of Poly Caprolactone (PCL) was varied between 68.5°C and 71.4°C. The PCL composites synthesized above were characterized by various analytical tools like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (proton and carbon-13), particle size analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The Eg value was increased with the increase in [M/I] ratio due to the decrease in calcium content.

Investigation on Properties of Bentonite Type in Cold Bonded Pelletization of Flue Dust

2011 ◽  
Vol 409 ◽  
pp. 743-748
Author(s):  
Guan Jhou Chen ◽  
Weng Sing Hwang ◽  
Shih Hsien Liu ◽  
Jaw Min Chou
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Electrostatic Precipitator ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Flue Dust

In the integrated steel mills fabrication processes, the by-product of flue dust and electrostatic precipitator dust were found to be rich with large amounts of iron and carbon content and it could be recycled as a raw material for blast furnaces. In this study, we use the “Cold-bonded Pellet; CBP” technique to prepare the recycling samples for subsequent processing. Therefore, this study investigated under a fixed amount of bentonite added, the choice of different types of bentonite on the powder granulation performance and strength of particle duration effects, bentonite used as a basis for adjustment. The results showed that Bentonite samples of the granulation efficiency increase, relative to its yield and the rate of sticky increase. In general, CBP particle compressive strength increased, duration have increased, and found that curing condition B are large than the A method. In addition, by particle size analysis results show that, bentonite average particle size of 11-12μm have better compressive strength. Comprehensive assessment of granulation and mechanical properties, of which A label in four Bentonite can be preferred.

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