scholarly journals The Synthesis of Magnesium Soaps as Feed for Biohydrocarbon Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiti Pratiwi ◽  
Godlief F. Neonufa ◽  
Tirto Prakoso ◽  
Tatang H. Soerawidjaja
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Direct Reaction ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Process Yield ◽  
Palm Stearine ◽  
Metal Soaps ◽  
Amorphous Surface ◽  
Great Potency

In previous study, by heating magnesium basic soaps from palm stearine will decarboxylated and produced biohydrocarbon. The frequent method to produced metal soaps from triglyceride in laboratory scale is metathesis. This process is less favored because this method would produced large amounts of salt waste and hard to develop into bigger scale. This study investigated the process and characterization of magnesium soaps from coconut oil and magnesium hydroxide via direct reaction method at 185 °C for 3 and 6 hours. The resulting soaps were washed with water and methanol, then dried. This process yield more than 80%-w metal soaps, acid values lower than 6 mg KOH/g and pH 9.2. Based on Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA) and SEM results, the initial decomposition temperature of these metal soaps were at 300 °C and have amorphous surface morphology. From decarboxylation test of magnesium basic soaps indicate great potency as feed for biohydrocarbon production.

A Novel Method for Functionalization of Polypropylene with Oligomer of Glycidyl Methacrylate: Characterization of Copolymers

2006 ◽  
Vol 11-12 ◽  
pp. 733-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Jun Liang ◽  
Jian Ping Deng ◽  
Lian Ying Liu ◽  
Wan Tai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Glycidyl Methacrylate ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Organic Peroxide ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Photo Polymerization ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Novel Method

A novel approach to functionalize polypropylene (PP) is presented. This method consists of two steps. Firstly, oligomers of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) were synthesized via UV photo-polymerization using benzophenone (BP) as initiator. Secondly, the GMA oligomers were grafted onto PP, which was initiated by the free radicals generated through the reactivation of semipinacol dormant groups in the oligomers. By this method, the functionalization of PP could be facilely achieved in a simple system without either organic peroxide initiator or monomer; additionally, degradation of the substrate PP was not observed. This presentation is mainly focused on the characterization of the grafted PP products by XRD, DSC and TGA measurements. It is demonstrated that the melting temperature, crystallinity and the initial decomposition temperature of the grafted PP were all increased, compared with those of the origin PP; the functionalization of PP led to the change of the crystal form from the mixed form of α and β into only α form.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of the novel color-tunable Eu/Tb(BPA)3phen composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 03021
Author(s):  
Guangbo Xie ◽  
Zijun Zhang ◽  
Jingjing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Color Tunable ◽  
Scanning Electron

The new color-tunable luminescent Eu/Tb(BPA)3phen composites have been successfully fabricated by the solvothermal reactions. The characterization of the final products have been investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DSC) and Ultraviolet and visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer. It is found that the geometry of the composite particles is regular by scanning electron microscopy image. Thermogravimetric analysis indicates that the initial decomposition temperature of the final products is 334 °C, approximately. The results demonstrate that Eu/Tb(BPA)3phen composites have excellent thermal stability. And the products after decomposition are stable oxides (Eu2O3 and Tb2O3). Furthermore, Eu and Tb ions complexes exhibit strong red and green luminescence, respectively. Emitting color of physically blended Eu(BPA)3phen and Tb(BPA)3phen composites can be tuned in a wide range from red to yellow to green under the excitation of 350 nm single-wavelength ultraviolet light. The CIE coordinates of CTb, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 and CEu are calculated as (0.24, 0.60), (0.31, 0.56), (0.33, 0.55), (0.38, 0.52), (0.40, 0.51), (0.43, 0.48), (0.54, 0.41) and (0.65, 0.34), respectively. The color-tunable luminescent materials can be widely applications in many fields, such as the optical and electronic devices, fluorescent probe and labels.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Tribological Characterization of Ti3SiC2/ZnO Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6088
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
Qi Wei ◽  
Shuai Ma
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Inconel 718 Alloy ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Tribological Characterization

Dense Ti3SiC2/ZnO composites were sintered at different temperatures by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The effects of sintering temperature on composition and mechanical properties of Ti3SiC2/ZnO composites were studied. The tribological behaviors of Ti3SiC2/ZnO composites/Inconel 718 alloy tribo-pairs at elevated temperature from 25 °C to 800 °C were discussed. The experimental results showed that the initial decomposition temperature of the Ti3SiC2/ZnO composite was 1150 °C, and Ti3SiC2 decomposed into TiC. When the decomposition temperature was higher than 1150 °C, the compositions of the Ti3SiC2/ZnO composites were Ti3SiC2, ZnO, and TiC. It was found that Ti3SiC2/ZnO composites had better self-lubricating performance than Ti3SiC2 at elevated temperature from 600 °C to 800 °C, which was owing to material transfers of tribo-pairs and sheared oxides generated by tribo-oxidation reactions.

scholarly journals Solid state synthesis and characterization of pyrazole and pyrazolates complexes of Cobalt (II) ions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
T. Abubakar ◽  
M. A. Kurawa ◽  
S. Isyaku ◽  
E.C. Ozoro
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Direct Reaction ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Pyridine Nitrogen ◽  
Metal Ligand

There were two ways used to synthesized cobalt (II) complexes of pyrazole by solid state. The first route involved direct reaction of the appropriate cobalt (II) acetate with pyrazole and pyrazolium chloride to form bispyrazole cobalt(II) salts, [(HPz)2CoCl2]. This was further ground in the second route with a two equivalents of a base (KOH) to make polymeric cobalt (II) pyrazolate [Co(Pz)2]. In all the synthesis above the ratio of ligand to cobalt (II) acetate was 2:1. All the cobalt (II) complexes were found to be of different colour from the starting materials and were characterized using solubility test, which showed that the complexes have poor solubility in most of the solvents used except in dimethylsulfoxide where they were soluble and the molar conductivity measurements of the complexes have low values (ranging from 6.44-6.45Ω-1cm2mol-1) which showed that they are non-electrolytes. The decomposition temperature showed that all the complexes have relatively low decomposition temperatures (93°C- 95°C). Characterization of the complexes via infrared analysis confirmed the coordination of metal with the ligand through pyridine-nitrogen and deprotonated-nitrogen in the range of 435.93cm-1 Co-N bonds and 406.99cm-1Co –N (for the route A and B respectively). The magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out at room temperature and the effective magnetic moment values for all the complexes further confirmed complexation of the metal (II) ions with the ligand and also indicates that the cobalt (II) complexes are paramagnetic. The plot of absorbance against mole fraction in each case gives a curve with maximum absorbance corresponding to the ligand mole fraction used in calculating the number of coordinated ligands and 1:2 metal-ligand ratios were obtained in all the complexes. Keywords:  Mechanochemical, Pyrazole, Pyrazolate, Grinding, Mechanochemical Elimination.

Preparation, Cross-Linking and Characterization of Novel Benzocyclobutene-Siloxane Polymers with Polysiloxane Mainchain and Silylbenzocyclobutene Pendant Groups

2012 ◽  
Vol 534 ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Ling Li ◽  
Ya Wen Hang ◽  
Ke Cao ◽  
Fang Hua Zhu ◽  
Jun Xiao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ring Opening ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Hydrosilylation Reaction ◽  
On Line ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Siloxane Polymers ◽  
Incorporation Ratio

A series of BCB-siloxane polymers with benzocyclobutene (BCB) pendant groups and polysiloxane mainchain was prepared by the hydrosilylation reaction between 4-(1,1-di-methyl-1-vinyl) silylbenzocyclobutene (4-DMVSBCB) and poly (methylhydrosiloxane) (PHMS) employing Pt/C as catalyst. Upon heating the BCB-siloxane polymers, the cross-linking occurred via ring-opening of benzocyclobutene as evidenced by on-line FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. TGA examination indicates that the thermal stability was enhanced with increasing the incorporation ratio of BCB. Most importantly, the initial decomposition temperature of crosslinked BCB-siloxane resins is as high as 429 oC, showing a superior thermal resistance over most other BCB resins.

Production and Characterization of Bio-fuel from Coconut Oil

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-425
Author(s):  
A. S. Abdulkareem ◽  
J. O. Odigure ◽  
M. B. Kuranga
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Oil

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(Aryl Ether Quinoxaline)s with Controlled Molecular Weight

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 826-829
Author(s):  
Song Ya Zhang ◽  
Zhong Xiao Li ◽  
Jia Ling Pu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Aryl Ether ◽  
Good Solubility ◽  
Step Procedure

Novel poly(aryl ether quinoxaline)s (PEQs) were prepared via a two-step procedure. First, poly (ether benzil) (PEB) was synthesized by the polycondensation of 4,4’-difluorobenzil and 4,4’-isopropylidenediphenol.Then, PEB was reacted with 1,2-diaminobenzene and 4,4'-oxydibenzene-1,2-diamine to give the PEQs. The molecular weight of the PEQs could be adjusted easily by varying the molar ratio of 1,2-diaminobenzene to 4,4'-oxydibenzene-1,2-diamine. The PEQs exhibited good solubility in common organic solvents such as NMP, DMAc, DMF, cyclohexanone and chloroform. In addition, the PEQs also had high glass transition (Tg) temperatures and good thermal properties, with an initial thermal decomposition temperature above 475 oC and glass transition temperatures above 210 oC. They also exhibited excellent resistance to strong acid and alkali.

Preparation and characterization of solution spinning of protein/cellulose fiber: A new flame-retardant grade

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Zhao ◽  
Weiren Bao ◽  
Youbo Di ◽  
Jinming Dai
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Major Product ◽  
Viscose Fiber ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Solution Spinning ◽  
Warmth Retention

A new flame-retardant protein viscose fiber with safely wearing performance has been prepared through blending protein solution, flame retardant (hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene) and viscose spinning solution, in which wool protein was used and added to spinning solution on the basis of 16% flame retardant, and the properties of the fiber were investigated. The product has more compact structure inside the fiber and evenly scattered small pores on the surface. Flame-retardant protein viscose fiber can reach the flame-retardant standard both before and after 30 times wash test, and the mechanical strength of the fiber was also improved. The introduction of hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene lowered the primary decomposition temperature of viscose fiber, reduced its weight loss. The flame-retardancy of the fiber can be improved by the introduction of protein. In thermal processes, the major product of thermal decomposition was CO2, no hazardous and noxious gases were released. Due to the introduction of protein, moisture regain of the fiber is a little lower than that of viscose fiber, but higher than flame-retardant viscose fiber. Warmth retention property was also improved. Friction coefficient of the product is lower than that of flame-retardant viscose fiber. Bulking intensity was increased, which is better than that of viscose fiber.

Study on Synthesis and Thermal Property of Polyvinylamine

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 1500-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Chi Zhao ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Wen Yu Xu ◽  
Fan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Characteristic Peak ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Nmr Spectrum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Polyvinylamine (PVAm) and polyvinylamine chloride (PVAm•HCl) were synthesized by Hofmann degradation of polyacrylamide (PAM). The reaction condition is gentle and the operation is safe, simple and economical so that it is a good reaction method. The chemical structures and thermal properties of the polymers were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR), X-ray diffractmeter (XRD) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Synthesis of PVAm•HCl was confirmed by the intensities of the characteristic peak of -CONH2 decreased and the appearance of a new absorption peak at 1530cm-1 (due to N-H bond of -NH3+ ) in the FTIR spectrum, the appearance of the characteristic absorption peaks of carbon atoms in the 13C NMR spectrum, the appearance of chemical shift assignments of proton in 1H NMR spectrum and the appearance of characteristic dispersing diffraction peak between 22.5° to 25.2° in the XRD spectrum, respectively. PAM had three decomposing stages, but PVAm•HCl had two decomposing stages. TG curve of PAM and PVAm•HCl showed that the initial decomposition temperature were 190oC and 140oC, respectively. The thermal stability of PVAm•HCl was poorer than that of PAM.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document