scholarly journals Selection of optimal solution heat treatment of the casting cylinder heads

2018 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 02053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Tillová ◽  
Mária Chalupová ◽  
Lenka Kuchariková ◽  
Juraj Belan ◽  
Denisa Závodská
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Crack Nucleation ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Selection Of

The effect of solution treatment on mechanical properties (UTS, elongation, Brinell hardness) and microstructure (Si-morphology and Si-size) of an aluminium alloy (A356) used for casting cylinder heads was studied. The tests were carried out with specimens machined from the bulkheads of V8 engine blocks cast by the low pressure process. The samples were tested in as-cast and T6 heat treating conditions (solution heat treatment at 530°C with different time - 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 hours, quenching in water at 20°C and precipitation hardened for 4 hour at 160°C). The results show that used heat treatment improves mechanical properties of the cylinder head casts. Tensile strength and hardness of specimens increase with solution treatment time. The hardness is a reflection of solution strengthening and silicon particle distribution in matrix. Solution temperature 530°C and 5 hours solution time is appropriate to obtain better morphology and distribution of Si particles in microstructure. Prolonged solution treatment (more than 5 hours) leads to a coarsening of the Si particles, while the numerical Si density decreases. As the particle density decreases, a fewer number of sites are available for crack nucleation, and hence, the fracture properties are improved. The data obtained from this study will be used to improve process control, and to help the selection of heat treatment of the casting for future products.

Consequences of Inappropriate Temperatures of the Solution Heat Treatment in Al-Si-Cu Cast Alloys

2020 ◽  
Vol 405 ◽  
pp. 357-364
Author(s):  
Lenka Kuchariková ◽  
Eva Tillová ◽  
Ivana Švecová
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Cu Alloy ◽  
Cast Alloys ◽  
Casting Industry

Al-Si-Cu alloy systems have a great importance in the casting industry due to their excellent castability, good mechanical properties and wear resistance. Addition of alloying elements, such as Mg and Cu, makes these alloys heat treatable. Improving of their mechanical properties allows their using in new, more demanding applications (e.g. engines, cylinder heads etc.). The most applied heat treatment for this alloy is a T6 (age hardening). Such a heat treatment is required for precipitation of the Al2Cu hardening dispersed phase that increases the mechanical properties of Al alloys. Therefore, the consequences of different solution heat treatment temperatures 505, 515 and 525 °C for AlSi9Cu3 and 515, 525 and 545 °C for AlSi12Cu1Fe cast alloys, with holding times 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 hours, were investigated in this study. The effect of solution treatment was evaluated based on changes in microstructure (optical microscopy) and mechanical properties (hardness, impact energy and ultimate tensile strength). The study confirms the strengthening of the experimental alloys caused by application of optimum conditions of T6 and melting of the Cu-rich phases with application of inappropriate solution temperature, as well as distortion and changes of the testing bars.

Effect of Solution Heat Treatment Conditions on the Mechanical Properties and Formability for AA 2024 Alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Dilmeç ◽  
Hüseyin Arıkan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Heat Treatment Condition ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Dome Height ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
2024 Alloy ◽  
Aa 2024

The properties of the heat-treatable aluminum alloys are enhanced by solution heat treatment and controlled ageing. The mechanical properties become stable with natural ageing at room temperature within a few days for some heat-treatable alloys, especially 2XXX series, considerable changes of the properties occur even after many years for some of them. Solution heat treatment of AA 2024 is very critical and sensible and therefore it should be carefully conducted. In this research, the effects of the solution temperature, soak time, quenching delay and heating rate of AA 2024 on the mechanical properties and the formability index (limiting dome height) were investigated in order to determine optimal solution heat treatment condition. Mechanical properties were determined and limiting dome heights of the formed parts were measured for all the situations and optimal solution heat treatment conditions were determined by using ANOVA method.

scholarly journals The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Novel Low-Cost Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe Alloy

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3798
Author(s):  
Meng Sun ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Yanhua Guo ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yuecheng Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
The Cost

In order to reduce the cost of titanium alloys, a novel low-cost Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe (Ti-35421) titanium alloy was developed. The influence of heat treatment on the microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties of the new alloy was investigated. The results showed that the microstructure of Ti-35421 alloy consists of a lamina primary α phase and a β phase after the solution treatment at the α + β region. After aging treatment, the secondary α phase precipitates in the β matrix. The precipitation of the secondary α phase is closely related to heat treatment parameters—the volume fraction and size of the secondary α phase increase when increasing the solution temperature or aging time. At the same solution temperature and aging time, the secondary α phase became coarser, and the fraction decreased with increasing aging temperature. When Ti-35421 alloy was solution-treated at the α + β region for 1 h with aging surpassing 8 h, the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and reduction of the area were achieved in a range of 1172.7–1459.0 MPa, 1135.1–1355.5 MPa, 5.2–11.8%, and 7.5–32.5%, respectively. The novel low-cost Ti-35421 alloy maintains mechanical properties and reduces the cost of materials compared with Ti-3Al-5Mo-5V-4Cr-2Zr (Ti-B19) alloy.

Study on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Die Casting Mg-xGd-3Y-0.5Zr Alloys

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Feng Wang ◽  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Ping Li Mao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Microstructures And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Zr Alloys

In this paper, developed a non-aluminum die casting magnesium alloys were studied based on Mg-xGd-Y-Zr（x=6, 8, 12 wt.%）alloys in cold chamber press. The microstructures and mechanical properties of die casting GWK alloys have been investigated using OM, SEM, XRD, EDS and mechanical property test. The experimental results show that with increasing Gd content of Mg-xGd-Y-Zr alloys, the tensile strength increase, but elongation decrease. In particular, die casting GWK alloys after short-term and low-temperature solid solution treatment (T4) have a small variation in grain size and more uniform microstructures, and the second phases distribute at the grain boundaries in form of discontinuous rod shape or granule shape, which result in an obvious improvement in tensile mechanical properties of alloys. The Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.5Zr die casting alloy exhibit maximum tensile strength after solution heat treatment, and the value is 269MPa at room temperature. The effect of solution heat treatment on die casting Mg-xGd-Y-Zr alloys was also discussed.

Solution Heat Treatment of 7075 Aluminum Alloy Affected on Anodic Oxide Layer

2016 ◽  
Vol 867 ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itsaree Iewkitthayakorn ◽  
Somjai Janudom ◽  
Narissara Mahathaninwong
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Oxide Film ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Anodic Oxide ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Heat Treated

This research focused on the effect of solution heat treated microstructures on anodic oxide formations of casting 7075 Al alloy. The casting specimens were solution heat treated at 450°C for various holding. The results showed that the quality of anodic oxide film on the specimen with 4h solution heat treatment time was higher than that of at other conditions. Because its microstructures obtained the lowest amounts of secondary phase particles leading to improve the quality of oxide film and also reduce defects in oxide film. On the other hand, coarse black particles of Mg2Si formed increasingly in microstructures of specimens after solution treatment at prolong holding time of 8h and 16h resulted in discontinues oxide films forming on them.

Effect of Solution Treatment and Extrusion on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Mg-2Gd-Nd-0.4Zn-0.3Zr Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 1125-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Jiang Nie ◽  
Liang Meng ◽  
Xiu Rong Zhu ◽  
Yong Dong Xu ◽  
Yue Yi Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Strength And Ductility

The effect of the combined action of hot work and heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a Mg-2Gd-Nd-0.4Zn-0.3Zr (wt. %) (E21) alloy was investigated. Results showed that the solution treatment time of the ingot played a great effect on the mechanical properties of the extruded alloy. With solution treating time of the ingot increasing, the tensile strength of the extruded alloy decreased gradually, but the elongation increased greatly. The best combination of strength and ductility was achieved for the extruded alloy after the ingot solution treated at 520°C for 3 h, extrusion at 400°C and aging at 200°C for 16 h, namely ultimate tensile strength = 331MPa and elongation = 7.1%.

Solution Heat Treatment and Cold Die Quenching in Forming AA 6xxx Sheet Components: Feasibility Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 6-8 ◽  
pp. 673-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P. Garrett ◽  
J. Lin ◽  
Trevor A. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Hot Stamping ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Quenching Rate ◽  
Die Quenching ◽  
Combined Solution

To overcome the major problems in forming aluminium sheet components, such as springback, low formability and microstructure variation a novel process is proposed in this paper. That is combined Solution Heat Treatment (SHT) hot stamping followed by cold die quenching. To determine the feasibility of such process a series of thermal-mechanical tests have been designed and carried out on aluminium alloy AA6082. Three aspects of the forming process are investigated and represented in the paper. The first is to investigate the effects of SHT proportions on the mechanical properties of the material. The second is the effects of quenching rates on the mechanical properties after SHT. The third is the effect of predeformation after the SHT and the quenching rate on the mechanical properties of the formed parts. Summaries are given for each aspect of the study. These tests are to investigate the effects of Solution Heat Treatment time proportion. Variables are also introduced during the cold die quenching, including clearance between the testpiece and dies as well as the applied load. Finally the relationship between quench rate and predeformation is investigated.

Research on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Evolution of Rheocast and Thixocast 319s Aluminum Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 850 ◽  
pp. 802-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Du ◽  
Xiao Kang Liang ◽  
Da Quan Li ◽  
Qiang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Eutectic Silicon ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Solid Alloy ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Semi Solid

In semi-solid rheocast and thixocast industry, T6 heat treatment was one key factor to improve the mechanical properties of the castings. The microstructure evolution was closely influenced by heat treatment temperature and time. In this paper, the morphology change of eutectic silicon in semi-solid alloy during different heat treatment time was firstly observed. The changes of both roundness and aspect show that the silicon particles underwent fragmentation, coarsening and growing up processes during solution treatment. Then, the mechanical properties after stand T6 and T6 with higher temperature were compared. It may be concluded that the higher temperature doesn’t have obvious effect to increase the mechanical strength, but severe negative effect on the elongation. Finally, the incipient melting defect appeared in higher temperature T6 was proved and its relationship with elongation was analysed.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Al6Si2Cu Alloy Subjected to Double-Solution Heat Treatment

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Seongbin An ◽  
Minsuk Kim ◽  
Chaeeul Huh ◽  
Chungseok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Intermetallic Phase ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Eutectic Si ◽  
Equilibrium Phases ◽  
Al Matrix

This study aims to develop the mechanical properties of the Al6Si2Cu aluminum alloy through the double-solution treatment. In addition to the Al matrix, large amounts of coarse eutectic Si, Al2Cu intermetallic, and Fe-rich phases were generated through thermo-calc simulation in agreement with the equilibrium phases. The eutectic Si phase is fragmented and spheroidized by the solution treatment as the heat treatment temperature and time increase. The Al2Cu intermetallic phase is dissolved into the Al matrix, resulting in an increase in both strength and elongation. The second-step solution temperature at 525 °C should be an optimum condition for enhancing the mechanical properties of the Al6Si2Cu aluminum alloy.

Effect of Solution Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Mg-Si Alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 1003 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Kai Xin Chen ◽  
Li Zhen Yan ◽  
Yong An Zhang ◽  
Xi Wu Li ◽  
Zhi Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Alloy Sheet ◽  
Solution Time ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Aluminum Alloy Sheet ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Electron Back Scattered Diffraction

Effects of different solution treatments on microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of 6A16 aluminum alloy sheet were investigated by electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) and tensile test. The results show that among the five solution treatments, with the increase of solution temperature and solution time, the average grain size increases and the yield strength of the alloy sheet gradually increases. The maximum elongation at break of the sheet is at 545 °C, and it increases with the increase of solution time. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the sheet are the best when the solution treatment is 545 °C for 5 min.

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