scholarly journals Development of environmentally safe acid-resistant ceramics using heavy metals containing waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 03035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Vitkalova ◽  
Anastasiya Torlova ◽  
Evgeniy Pikalov ◽  
Oleg Selivanov
Keyword(s):  
Boric Acid ◽  
Lanthanum Oxide ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Charge Composition ◽  
Functional Additives ◽  
Vladimir Region ◽  
Electroplating Sludge ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Heavy Metal Oxides

The paper presents research results concerning charge composition development to produce environmentally safe acid-resistant ceramics on the basis of low-plastic clay of the Vladimir region possessing self-glazing effect. 5 wt. % boric acid, 5 wt. % lanthanum oxide and up to 5 wt. % electroplating sludge have been introduced into the charge composition as functional additives. Boric acid serves as a flux and a source acid-resistant and heat-resistant vitreous phase based on borosilicates, but compositions contained in the electroplating sludge are decomposed in the process of ceramics firing causing the formation of calcium oxide and heavy metal oxides, which additionally increase material acid-resistance and heat-resistance like lanthanum oxide. To receive the developed material, semidry pressing technology has been applied under the charge forming moisture of 8 wt. %, specific pressure of 15 МPа and one-stage firing at max temperature of 1050 °C. The research presents the testing results of ceramics principal operating properties and environmental safety. The developed material can be used in clinker and acid-resistant bricks and tiles production for masonry and tiling in aggressive environment like buildings foundations and bases, premises with high moisture, as well as in sewerage systems, chimneys and ventilation ducts.

scholarly journals Glazing effect for producing environmentally friendly ceramics for cladding applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-173
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Pavlycheva ◽  
Evgeniy Pikalov ◽  
Oleg Selivanov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Charge Composition ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Pressing Pressure ◽  
Electroplating Sludge ◽  
Environmentally Safe

This paper presents results of comparative studies of environmental safety of ceramic materials, based on a low-plasticity clay with the introduction of galvanic sludge, boric acid and titanium dioxide in 3 different combinations. The experimental samples were manufactured under 15 MPa pressing pressure and at the maximum firing temperature of 1050 oC. Prior to the toxicological experiments, diurnal extracts of the materials into the model neutral and acidic media were obtained. The toxicological safety was determined by using the Daphnia mortality method, and by comparing the maximum permissible concentrations of heavy metals for drinking and household water with the heavy metals? concentrations in diurnal extracts. The presented data show that the combined introduction of all the investigated additives results in the glazing effect of ceramic particles surfaces so that an environmentally safe material can be produced that exhibits sufficiently high-performance properties. The use of low-plastic clay and electroplating sludge expands the raw material base for producing ceramics and allows the disposal of environmentally hazardous compounds of heavy metals contained in electroplating sludge. Ceramic materials based on the developed charge composition can be used for producing items for external cladding for buildings and structures.

scholarly journals Production of facing ceramic material using cullet

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 02003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Kolosova ◽  
Maria Sokolskaya ◽  
Evgeniy Pikalov ◽  
Oleg Selivanov
Keyword(s):  
Boric Acid ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Liquid Phase Sintering ◽  
Charge Composition ◽  
Vitreous Phase ◽  
Functional Additives ◽  
Rigid Frame ◽  
The One ◽  
The Given

The research presents experimental results concerning the charge composition development for ceramics, used for cladding facades and basements of buildings and structures. The given composition is suggested to be based on the low plasticity clay as a basic component, which cannot be used to produce crackless, durable and frost resistant ceramics without introducing functional additives. The following functional additives were applied in the conducted experiments: boric acid, used as a fuse for the reduction of liquid phase sintering temperature and the increase of vitreous phase amount; various empties cullet, used as a fluxing and strengthening additive, which is the source of vitreous phase, forming the rigid frame of interconnected ceramic particles through a layer of vitreous phase. The research experiments stated that the highest compressive strength and frost resistance and the least water absorption can be achieved when 30 wt. % of colorless empties cullet and 2,5 wt.% of boric acid are introduced into the charge. Besides the research demonstrates the results of determining the dependence of bending strength, density, thermal conductivity, open and total porosity. The developed charge composition on the one hand stipulates the solution environmental and technical-economic problems of natural resources rational use and waste management, and on the other hand allows producing high quality facing ceramic products at a reduced cost and using low demand resources.

scholarly journals Development of composite ceramic material using cullet

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 03032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Shakhova ◽  
Irina Vitkalova ◽  
Anastasiya Torlova ◽  
Evgeniy Pikalov ◽  
Oleg Selivanov
Keyword(s):  
Boric Acid ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Composite Ceramic ◽  
Charge Composition ◽  
Vitreous Phase ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Functional Additives ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor ◽  
Production Resource

The research presents the results of the charge development for producing ceramic composite material, where ceramic particles of the crystalline structure serve as filler, and vitreous amorphous phase obtained by the introduction of the cullet and the flux into the charge at different firing temperatures serve as a binder. Herewith the cullet is used as a flux-strengthening additive, which is a source of vitreous phase, and the flux reduces the amount of the formed vitreous phase. Boric acid, feldspar, and dolomite separately have been used as fluxes in the current research. In the conducted experiments, the charge basic component was low-plasticity clay, which can be used for producing high quality products only with the introduction of functional additives. Basing on the obtained data, it has been stated that higher values of strength and lower values of water absorption for the developed material can be achieved at the introduction of 30 wt. % of the cullet and 2.5 wt.% of boric acid as a flux at the highest firing temperature of 1050oC. The developed charge composition facilitates broadening the construction materials production resource base due to the usage of low-demand low-plasticity clay and glass works waste. The material produced on the basis of this charge corresponds to the requirements for the construction materials used for indoor and outdoor facing of facades, socles of the buildings and facilities.

scholarly journals Zero Budget Natural Farming in India: Aiming Back to the Basics

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
Saikat Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Inadequate Information ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Natural Farming

Crisis of Indian agriculture is very pertinent at this moment as green revolution is gradually losing its hope. Excessive, pointless exploitation of broods of green revolution has left bad footprints on country’s food security and environmental safety. With the motto to ensure food security by reviving Indian agriculture in environmentally safe way as well as to release farmers from debt cycle and suicides, zero budget natural farming (ZBNF) has come in the picture, which discards uses of all the chemical farming inputs and relies on natural way of farming i.e. rejuvenating soil and crop health through its own practices (Jivamrita, Bijamrita, mulching, soil aeration, intercropping, crop diversification, bunds, bio-pesticides etc.). ZBNF movement right now is the most popular agrarian movement which begun in 2002 in Karnataka and later successfully spread in many states (specially, of South India) of the nation through numbers of trainings, demonstrations and various promotional activities. Successful outcomes from farmers’ fields of south Indian states like Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka etc. are encouraging and grabbing attention of farmers, public and private organisations towards ZBNF in recent times. Yet, various controversies regarding its transparency,      inadequate information, efficacy, practices, idealisms, even the term ‘zero budget’ etc. have agglutinated around ZBNF over the years since it debuted. Critics in fact have cited several references of drastic yield reductions with ZBNF practices in many places. Adequate scientific evaluation or monitoring of ZBNF’s successes or failures through multi-locational trials is now therefore the needful before allowing or restraining its run in Indian agriculture.

ПРИНЦИПЫ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИ БЕЗОПАСНОГО ВОДОРЕСУРСНОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ АГРОЛАНДШАФТОВ

2020 ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
V.B. Zhezmer ◽  
A.O. Shcherbakov
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Reclaimed Land ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Database Structure ◽  
Environmentally Safe

Разработка принципов экологически безопасной эксплуатации агроландшафта при условии обеспечения оросительной водой не только используемых в настоящее время орошаемых площадей, но и выбывших из оборота мелиорированных земель, является актуальной и востребованной. Экологическая безопасность водообеспечения предполагает как экономию водных ресурсов, так и повышение безопасности эксплуатации гидромелиоративных систем (ГМС). В статье обоснована необходимость, с целью обеспечения безопасности гидротехнических сооружений, создания системы автоматизированного ведения мониторинга гидротехнических сооружений (ГТС) на основе современных веб-технологий, представлена концептуальная модель системы мониторинга, а также структура базы данных и принципы работы с массивами информации.The development of the principles of the environmentally safe operation of the agro-landscap, provided that irrigated water is provided not only for the currently used irrigated areas, but also all reclaimed land, is relevant and in demand. Environmental safety of water supply involves both saving water resources and improving the safety of the operation of irrigation and drainage systems (HMS). The article substantiates the need, in order to ensure the safety of hydraulic structures, the creation of a system for automated monitoring of hydraulic structures (GTS) based on modern web technologies, presents a conceptual model of a monitoring system, as well as a database structure and principles for working with arrays of information.

The improvement in properties and environmental safety of fired clay bricks containing hazardous waste electroplating sludge: The role of Na2SiO3

2019 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 1455-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuqing Dai ◽  
Huan Zhou ◽  
Wenyi Zhang ◽  
Linchao Hu ◽  
Qingqing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Electroplating Sludge

Purification of Water from Fluoride Ions by a Lanthanum-Containing Ceramic Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.Yu. Chukhlanov ◽  
O.G. Selivanov ◽  
E.S. Pikalov ◽  
C.M. Chesnokova ◽  
A.A. Podolets
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Fluoride Ion ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Phosphate Ions ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Purification Of Water

Studies have been carried out to create a lanthanum-containing ceramic material that can be used to purify water from fluoride ions. A composition was developed for the preparation of a ceramic material, the physico-mechanical characteristics of its samples were determined, and their binding capacity to fluoride ions was investigated. There was researched environmental safety of a material. It is proved that when 6% by weight of lanthanum carbonate is added to the charge, an environmentally safe material for cleaning aqueous systems with a fluoride ion content of up to 10 mg/l can be obtained. It has been established that this material can be used with sufficient efficiency to purify water from phosphate ions.

scholarly journals Antifungal and Insecticidal Potential of the Essential Oil from Ocimum sanctum L. against Dangerous Fungal and Insect Species and Its Safety for Non-Target Useful Soil Species Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2180
Author(s):  
Martin Žabka ◽  
Roman Pavela ◽  
Kateřina Kovaříková ◽  
Jan Tříska ◽  
Naděžda Vrchotová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
Human Infections

The antifungal and insecticidal effect of the essential oil from Ocimum sanctum L. was evaluated using a model set of harmful organisms hazardous for health and the economy. Toxigenic and plant pathogenic filamentous fungi, including causal agents of human infections, were chosen as exemplary fungal groups—Fusarium verticillioides, Penicillium expansum and Aspergillus flavus. Spodoptera littoralis (African cotton leafworm), Culex quinquefasciatus (Southern house mosquito), the lymphatic filariasis vector and potential Zika virus vector, and the common housefly, Musca domestica were chosen as model insects. Major and minor active substances were detected and quantified using GC/MS analysis. Environmental safety was verified using the non-target useful organism Eisenia fetida. Significant antifungal and insecticidal activity, as well as environmental safety, were confirmed. The essential oil showed the highest efficacy against A. flavus according to MIC50/90, and against S. littoralis larvae according to LD50/90. The monoterpenoid alcohol linalool, t-methyl cinnamate, and estragole as phenylpropanoids were detected as effective major components (85.4%). The essential oil from Ocimum sanctum L. was evaluated as universal and significantly efficient, providing a high potential for use in environmentally safe botanical pesticides.

Determination of biological properties of the new synthetic plant growth regulator - spyrocarbon complex with boric acid by means of phytotests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Sidorovich ◽  
◽  
O. P. Kundelchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

Determining the environmental safety of new synthetic plant growth regulators is an urgent problem. Spirocarbon derivatives were subjected to such determination by means of a specially developed system based on phytotests "germinated seeds". This system allows the values of biometric, cytological and biochemical parameters of the phytotest to determine the toxic, cytotoxic, genotoxic (mutagenic) effects and induction of molecular stress by the synthetic chemical substance being tested. This system was used to establish the biological properties of a new drug - a complex of spirocarbon with boric acid - in relation to five phytotests monocotyledons and dicotyledons plants. Phytotesting was performed in the spectrum of concentrations (10-7-10-2 mol/dm3) of this drug. It demonstrated either the absence or presence of a weak toxic effect on phytotests, which did not exceed 30%. The study showed that the plant growth regulator spirocarbon in combination with boric acid has growthregulating properties, the manifestation of which depends on the concentration of the drug and the species characteristics of plants. Only the maximum concentration (10-2 моль/дм3) of the tested drug is slightly toxic to plants. The obtained results testify to the biological efficiency and ecological safety of the synthesized drug. This allows us to recommend it for use in agricultural practice.

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