scholarly journals Industrial Feedback on Implementing Functional Decomposition Design Processes for Reliability and Functional Safety

2018 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 01023
Author(s):  
Matt Pallaver ◽  
Ahed Qaddoura ◽  
Sung-hee Do
Keyword(s):  
System Development ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Interface Elements ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Functional Decomposition ◽  
Design Processes

The value of Axiomatic Design functional decomposition as a design analysis point tool has been widely reported. This paper reports on the implementation of functional decomposition design processes as a system design tool on 23 industrial projects over a 5 year period with product development teams ranging from 6 to 35 engineers. The products developed were systems of systems with mechanical, electrical, firmware, software, and operational interface elements. Functional decompositions ranged from about 200 to 1600 Functional Requirements. A number of these projects are now in commercial production. This paper reviews the process definition and implementation process steps that evolved from these experiences. The paper then reports on the implementation lessons learned and the value propositions noted. Conclusions and recommendations are made. The experiences demonstrated that functional requirement decomposition processes aid in achieving on-time, on-cost and on-specification project development targets. The authors propose this paper summarizes the “Endgame” design process impact that axiomatic design can reasonably expect in industry design practices for system development.

Paper2Wire – A Case Study of User-Centred Development of Machine Learning Tools for UX Designers

i-com ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Daniel Buschek ◽  
Charlotte Anlauff ◽  
Florian Lachner
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Development Process ◽  
User Study ◽  
Concept Development ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Interface Elements ◽  
Industry Partner

Abstract This paper reflects on a case study of a user-centred concept development process for a Machine Learning (ML) based design tool, conducted at an industry partner. The resulting concept uses ML to match graphical user interface elements in sketches on paper to their digital counterparts to create consistent wireframes. A user study (N=20) with a working prototype shows that this concept is preferred by designers, compared to the previous manual procedure. Reflecting on our process and findings we discuss lessons learned for developing ML tools that respect practitioners’ needs and practices.

Lessons Learned About Product Redesign for Evolvability Using Reflective Entries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Jacobson ◽  
Scott Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Design Flexibility ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Spatial Interfaces ◽  
Principles Of Design

Abstract The operating conditions for, and requirements of, a product may change in unexpected ways while it is in service. Products incapable of meetings these new requirements lose value. This reduction in value diminishes the user experience or product replacement occurs. Previous studies in the literature have investigated principles of design flexibility, modularity, excess, and margins as they apply to the redesign of an existing product as a means of keeping it in service. Design tools, such as Design Structure Matrices (DSMs) and change propagation techniques, give the engineer insight into managing the redesign process. However, there is limited data about perceptions of the redesign process and the challenges that arise. This paper explores the redesign of a single system with particular focus on the design objective, the utility offered by existing design tools, and the perception of excess. A pod-based coffee maker is redesigned as the pod carrying the coffee grounds has been discontinued. Three conceptual redesign solutions are generated by the co-author who also wrote reflections discussing her perspectives and experiences throughout the redesign process. The reflections from the co-author highlight questions about how designers identify valuable system attributes when redesigning a system (already in service) to meet new requirements. The co-author’s experience also provides evidence that (1) there is a relationship between design tool and redesign strategy, (2) that it was easier to conceptualize redesign work with excess around functional requirements than spatial interfaces, and (3) that the perceived amount of excess in a system influences the chosen design strategy.

Sistem Informasi Pelelangan Online Pada PT. Balai Lelang Bandung

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Novrini Hasti ◽  
Irwin Tenrysau
Keyword(s):  
System Development ◽  
Unified Modeling Language ◽  
Online Auctions ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
System Model ◽  
Unified Modeling ◽  
Registration Process ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
Index Terms ◽  
A Company

PT.Balai Lelang Bandung is a company in Bandung which is located at Ruko Maple Kav. G, Jl. Gn. Batu No. 201, Sukaraja, Cicendo, Bandung - West Java, provides services such as pre-auction, auction, and post auction. The registration process of tender participants is quite convoluted and takes a lot of time in the registration process either in terms of the auction participants or the auctioneer itself. The auction process is very time-consuming bidders themselves, where in conducting the auction, participants are required to attend directly to the auction so many prospective bidders who discontinue their intention to follow the auction process. In this design approach method is prototypemethod, while system development method using Unified Modeling Language (UML). System design tool used to describe the system model such as usecase, scenario diagram, sequence diagram.  Index Terms - Information System, Online Auctions, Prototype, UML  

Functional Requirements for Effective Decision Making in Humanrobot Teams: Lessons Learned from Operational Settings

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-456
Author(s):  
James Tittle ◽  
William Elm ◽  
Scott Potter
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Broad Class ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Urban Search And Rescue ◽  
Robot Teams

Many environments require humans and robots operating together to accomplish complex and dangerous tasks, but technology-centered designs often support robot navigation but not the mission goals of the organization using the robot. Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) is a particularly valuable domain to identify general functional requirements for effective HRI, and our purpose in this paper is to demonstrate how a CSE approach can lead to valuable design guidelines that more effectively support decision making within Human-Robot teams. Our analysis of HRI in USAR lead us to identify several important guidelines for supporting effective coordination for Human-Robot teams: including (i) enable individual problem holders to have direct control over point-of-view to facilitate active information seeking, and (ii) create common reference frames on shared imagery so different problem holders can remotely coordinate information and actions. Designs based on these guidelines will support a broad class of coordinated activities between team members.

Learnings from the Field Implementation of a Novel Ultra-High Performance Concrete Beam End Repair on a Corroded Steel Girder Bridge in Connecticut

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110041
Author(s):  
Alexandra Hain ◽  
Arash E. Zaghi
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Load Path ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Steel Girder Bridge ◽  
Aging Steel ◽  
Girder Bridge ◽  
The University

Corrosion at steel beam ends is one of the most pressing challenges in the maintenance of aging bridges. To tackle this challenge, the Connecticut Department of Transportation (DOT) has partnered with the University of Connecticut to develop a repair method that benefits from the superior mechanical and durability characteristics of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) material. The repair involves welding shear studs to the intact portions of the web and encasing the beam end with UHPC. This provides an alternate load path for bearing forces that bypasses the corroded regions of the beam. The structural viability of the repair has been extensively proven through small- and full-scale experiments and comprehensive finite element simulations. Connecticut DOT implemented the repair for the first time in the field on a heavily trafficked four-span bridge in 2019. The UHPC beam end repair was chosen because of the access constraints and geometric complexities of the bridge that limited the viable repair options. Four of the repaired beam ends were fully instrumented to collect data on the performance of the repaired locations before casting, during curing, and for approximately 6 months following the application of the repair. This paper provides an overview of the successful repair implementation and presents the lessons learned during construction. Select data from the monitored beam ends are presented. It is expected that this information will provide engineers with a better understanding of the repair implementation process, and thus provide an additional repair option for states to enhance the safety of aging steel bridges.

Use of a Trophic Structure Test Bed to Validate a New Systems-of-Systems Resilience Metric

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan C. Watson ◽  
Sanaya Kriplani ◽  
Marc J. Weissburg ◽  
Bert Bras
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Trophic Structure ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Network Characteristics ◽  
Biologically Inspired Design ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Structure Test

Abstract Systems of Systems (SoS) combine complex systems such as financial, transportation, energy, and healthcare systems to provide greater functionality. A failure in a constituent system, however, can render the entire SoS ineffective by causing cascading faults. One method to prevent constituent faults from compromising SoS performance is to increase the SoS’s “resilience,” a measure of the SoS’s ability to cope with these faults and efficiently recover. Attempts to engineer improved resilience require a metric to measure resilience across different SoS architectures (network arrangements). In a previous work, the System of System Resilience Metric (SoSRM) was presented as a possible solution, but this new metric requires additional testing. This work examines the key question: “How can natural ecosystem characteristics be used to validate the SoSRM metric?” We hypothesize that the analysis of a test bed of generic ecosystems will produce SoSRM values that will positively correlate with a triangular trophic structure (wide base), validating SoSRM as a useful design metric. First principles for test bed creation are presented including biodiversity, trophic structure, and the role of detritus. SoSRM is measured for 31 case studies in a trophic structure test bed. Ecosystem network structure is quantified with graph theory. SoSRM correlates as expected with ecosystem network structure (r2 = .5016, n = 31), thus providing a validation of SoSRM as a design tool. As a final check, tests are conducted to ensure SoSRM is independent of trivial network characteristics (i.e. the number of nodes or links). By validating SoSRM, we provide a foundation for future work that focuses on increasing SoS resilience with biologically inspired design heuristics.

Bulego Judizial Berria Euskadin

2011 ◽  
pp. 259-281
Author(s):  
Izaskun IRIARTE IRURETA
Keyword(s):  
Basque Country ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Implementation Plan ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Administration Of Justice ◽  
El Sistema

LABURPENA: Gaur egun Bulego Judizial Berriaren (BJB) ezarpenaren prozesua abian da Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko barruti judizialetan. «Bulego Judizial Berria»-tzat ezagutzen den Justizia Administrazioaren eraldaketa sakona dakarrenez, berrantolaketa hau gradualki egingo da Euskadin. Testu honen helburua da aurkeztea Bulego Judizial Berria zer den eta zer suposatzen duen, nola antolatu eta gauzatu den Euskadin Bulego Judizial Berriaren ezarpena horretarako propio Eusko Jaurlaritzak onartu zuen planaren eremuan, aurreikusita duen kalitate-sistema, lehen Bulegoen ezarpenaren ondorioak zeintzuk izan diren eta prozesu osoaren erronkak. RESUMEN: En estos momentos está en marcha el proceso implantación de la Oficina Judicial en los partidos judiciales de Euskadi. Dado que lo que se conoce como «Nueva Oficina Judicial» supone una profunda reforma en la Administración de Justicia, esta reestructuración, en Euskadi, se llevará a cabo de forma gradual. Este texto pretende presentar el alcance de la Nueva Oficina Judicial y en qué consiste, cómo se ha organizado y se está llevando a cabo la implantación de la Nueva Oficina Judicial en Euskadi en el marco del plan que aprobó el Gobierno Vasco con ese fin, el sistema de calidad que se ha previsto, las conclusiones extraídas de las primeras Oficinas Judiciales implantadas y los retos del conjunto del proceso. ABSTRACT: Nowadays the implementation process of the Judicial Office in the Judicial Districts of the Basque Country is taking place. This new «Judicial Office» brings about a deep and thorough reform in the Administration of Justice and its functioning. Therefore this reorganisation process will be implemented gradually. This article aims to discuss the meaning and the implications of the New Judicial Office, to describe how the implementation of the New Judicial Office in the Basque Country has been organized and applied within the framework of the Implementation Plan adopted by the Basque Government, including the qualitysystem for the Judicial Office, and finally to draw the lessons learned from the process of implementation as it has been taking place within the first Judicial Offices. The challenges of the whole process are thus brought to the fore.

scholarly journals How to approach a many splendoured thing: Proxy Technology Assessment as a methodological praxis to study virtual experience

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizzy Bleumers ◽  
Kris Naessens ◽  
An Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Virtual Experiences

This article introduces Proxy Technology Assessment (PTA) as a methodological approach that can widen the scope of virtual world and game research. Studies of how people experience virtual worlds and games often focus on individual in-world or in-game experiences. However, people do not perceive these worlds and games in isolation. They are embedded within a social context that has strongly intertwined online and offline components. Studying virtual experiences while accounting for these interconnections calls for new methodological approaches. PTA answers this call.Combining several methods, PTA can be used to investigate how new technology may impact and settle within people's everyday life (Pierson et al., 2006). It involves introducing related devices or applications, available today, to users in their natural setting and studying the context-embedded practices they alter or evoke. This allows researchers to detect social and functional requirements to improve the design of new technologies. These requirements, like the practices under investigation, do not stop at the outlines of a magic circle (cf. Huizinga, 1955).We will start this article by contextualizing and defining PTA. Next, we will describe the practical implementation of PTA. Each step of the procedure will be illustrated with examples and supplemented with lessons learned from two interdisciplinary scientific projects, Hi-Masquerade and Teleon, concerned with how people perceive and use virtual worlds and games respectively.

San Pedro Bay Ports Rail Enhancement Program: 2010 Update

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Leue ◽  
Carlo Luzzi
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Development Process ◽  
System Development ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
San Pedro ◽  
Rail System ◽  
San Pedro Bay

The San Pedro Bay Ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles continue to provide vital rail connections to the rest of the country. The Rail Enhancement Program sets forth the rail improvements necessary to maintain performance as cargo volumes grow through the year 2035. Implementation of the Rail Enhancement Program has faced hurdles including environmental permitting, funding and competing stakeholder concerns. Cargo growth eased in the years approaching 2010, but the timing of proposed improvements to the rail infrastructure remains critical and challenging. The Rail Enhancement Program is the result of work over the past ten years. Conditions affecting the program have continued to change since the original Rail Master Planning Study of 2000. Updates to the Master Plan have been performed in 2005 and 2010. These documents provide analyses and recommendations for rail improvements to maintain adequate rail service on the Alameda Corridor and through the Port to its rail yards. In developing the Rail Enhancement Program, simulation is used to understand the impacts of increasing cargo volumes on the rail system and to investigate infrastructure and operating improvements required to address deficiencies and to determine improvements to efficiently handle projected traffic. This paper describes the development process with a summary of the analysis methods, resulting proposed rail projects, implementation process and current status of implementation. The steps of the rail system development process include the following: • Evaluation of existing and proposed rail operations; • Conceptual design of over forty potential rail improvement projects; • Analysis of the capacity of existing and proposed facilities; • Scheduling of project development to meet demand; • Estimation of environmental, community and regional impacts and benefits; • Determination of schedule including environmental permit requirements; • Development of project funding plans; and • Preparation of engineering designs and construction documents. The paper will conclude with a summary of the status of key projects from the Rail Enhancement Program. Implementation of the Rail Enhancement Program has included permitting, funding and design efforts on individual projects. The projects currently under development total $1B out of the overall $2B program. The Rail Enhancement Program provides significant benefits to operating efficiencies, environmental impacts and economic impacts. Implementation has been a challenging effort and illustrates the myriad obstacles facing public infrastructure development.

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