scholarly journals Cross section and geometry optimization of steel truss arch bridges based on internal forces

2019 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Malik Mushthofa ◽  
Akhmad Aminullah ◽  
Muslikh
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Geometric Design ◽  
Bridge Design ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Ratio Data ◽  
Steel Truss ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
Arch Bridges ◽  
Steel Section

The purpose of this study is to obtain the optimum geometric design and cross section member element of steel arch bridges. It is necessary because the geometric design of the steel truss arch bridges have the direct impact to the steel section used in the structures. Therefore, steel section have the impact to the economic value of the bridge design due to the structure weight. There are many important variables have to considered in the bridge design. Rise to span ratio variable is the major variable in the arch bridge geometric design. Arch bridge structures rely on the axial force capacity of the main arch, whereas shear forces and bending moments as secondary consideration. The optimization process is done by collecting the axial force, shear force and bending moment data of each steel arch bridge numeric model, and scaling its value from 0 to 1 to compare the data of every span in the same field, in order to achieve the optimum rise to span ratio. Rise to span ratio data of steel arch bridges in China and Japan used as the comparison with the result of this study, due to their brief history and rich experiences on arch bridge engineering innovation, and also have the large of amount of steel arch bridges. The results of this study give the optimum value of rise to span ratio between 1/4 to 1/7. It has good correlation with the rise to span ratio data of steel arch bridges in China and Japan i.e. 1/4 - 1/6 and 1/5 - 1/7 respectively.

Bi-Directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization in Conceptual Bridge Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 256-259 ◽  
pp. 1658-1664
Author(s):  
Jian Xu ◽  
Jian Yuan Sun ◽  
Yu Long Shui
Keyword(s):  
Structural Optimization ◽  
Bridge Pier ◽  
Main Beam ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Bridge Design ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Evolutionary Structural Optimization ◽  
Arch Bridges ◽  
Tied Arch Bridge

The principle and procedure of bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) are stated in detail. A program based on BESO is introduced in conceptual bridge design. Topology optimizations are achieved for deck arch bridges with different rise-to-span ratios, half-through arch bridge, through tied arch bridge, bridge pier and bridge main beam. The results demonstrate rational structures with well-distributed stress and smooth force transmission, which indicates the efficient of the method.

scholarly journals Analysis of Temperature and Humidity Distribution and Corrosion Effect on Suspender of Arch Bridge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiqiao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Numerical Finite Element ◽  
Arch Bridges

With the continuous improvement of bridge span, high-strength steel wire suspenders are more and more widely used in arch bridges. Because metals are thermodynamically unstable, most metals will corrode at a different speed. Especially with the increase of bridge operation time, the suspender steel wire will be corroded under the coupling effect of external environment and internal temperature and humidity. By taking Wanganshi Fuhe Bridge as the engineering example, this study established a numerical finite element model to simulate the variation of temperature in the cross section of the suspender. Then, the distribution of humidity in the cross section in the suspender under the influence of temperature can be obtained. Finally, the corrosion rate of the suspender and the residual diameter after corrosion at different operating years were calculated. Based on the analysis results, the performance of the suspender is divided into different grades which can be used to guide the maintenance and replacement of the suspender of the arch bridge by the bridge maintenance and management department.

Reasonable Elevation Calculation of Temporary Pier of Long-Span Steel Trussed Arch Bridges with Semi-Cantilever

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 1318-1322
Author(s):  
Xu Luo ◽  
Lu Rong Cai
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Construction Method ◽  
Bridge Construction ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Building Process ◽  
Steel Truss ◽  
Arch Bridges ◽  
Beam Bridge

When the scaffold construction method is applied on long-span steel trussed arch bridges, reasonable setting of the temporary pier elevation has significant influence on assembly linearis and safety assembly of long-span steel trussed arch bridges with semi-cantilever. In this paper, in accordance with the manufacturing linearis steel trussed beam bridge and steel truss beam linearis changing during building process, the calculation of temporary pier elevation was studied systematically, and practical function was deduced. Then, the method was applied to a long-span steel trussed arch bridge. The obtained result by in-situ assembly and dismantling presents that: 50 mm preserved method is considered in this paper, which can provide convenience for removing the temporary pier. At the same time, the rationality and reliability of the presented approach are verified. It also can provide reference for similar bridge construction.

Frances Appleton Pedestrian Bridge Design and Construction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Rosales
Keyword(s):  
Americans With Disabilities Act ◽  
Bridge Design ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Pedestrian Bridge ◽  
Historic Landmark ◽  
First Americans ◽  
Main Arch ◽  
Design And Construction

<p>The Frances Appleton Pedestrian Bridge is an innovative steel arch bridge with a 69m main span and curvilinear approaches along the Charles River in Boston, Massachusetts. It is the first Americans with Disabilities Act fully accessible 4.3m wide bridge connecting Boston’s historic Beacon Hill neighborhood to the Esplanade Park and Charles River. An overall architectural and structural theme was followed in the design of all bridge components including the main arch, Y shaped approach piers, circular stairs and curved ramps. The bridge is light, elegant and well-integrated into the landscape complementing an adjacent historic landmark bridge and seamlessly blending into the waterfront context.</p>

Fast Tracking the Pulau Poh Cable-stayed Bridge

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chet Chie Voon ◽  
Hiang Miang Goh ◽  
Chuan Seng Koo
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Fast Track ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Stay Cable ◽  
Bridge Design ◽  
Environmental Challenges ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Fast Tracking ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridge ◽  
Design Life

<p>The construction of the Pulau Poh cable-stayed bridge has been challenging both technically and environmentally. The curved pylon shape in two planes, with changing cross section and heavily congested reinforcement pose constructability concerns. Accurate geometry control and positioning of stay cable anchorages within the pylon is crucial to ensure the bridge meets its intended design life. Located in an area with high rainfall intensity presents additional environmental challenges, where working areas are constantly submerged. To address the challenges and meet the project deadline, innovative construction methodologies are being adopted. The bridge design was also revisited, taking into consideration the construction approach. This paper aims to explain the challenges faced and methods used to fast track the construction of the Pulau Poh cable-stayed bridge.</p>

Non-Linear Stress Analysis of Complex Umbilical Cross-Sections

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svein Sævik ◽  
Knut I. Ekeberg
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Applied Theory ◽  
Element Formulation ◽  
Material Models

Nexans Norway is, together with Marintek, currently developing a software for detailed analysis of complex umbilical cross-section designs. The software development project combines numerical methods with small-scale testing of involved materials, as well as full-scale testing of a wide variety of umbilical designs, essential for calibration and verification purposes. Each umbilical design is modelled and comparisons are made with respect to global behaviour in terms of: • Axial strain versus axial force; • Axial strain versus torsion; • Torsion versus torsion moment for various axial force levels; • Moment versus curvature for different tension levels. The applied theory is based on curved beam and curved axisymmetric thin shell theories. The problem is formulated in terms of finite elements applying the Principle of Virtual Displacements. Each body of the cross-section interacts with the other bodies by contact elements which are formulated by a penalty formulation. The contact elements operate in the local surface coordinate system and include eccentricity, surface stiffness and friction effects. The software is designed to include the following functionality: • Arbitrary geometry modelling including helical elements wound into arbitrary order; • The helical elements may include both tubes and filled bodies; • Elastic, hyper-elastic, and elastic-plastic material models; • Initial strain; • Contact elements, including friction; • Tension, torsion, internal pressure, external pressure, bending and external contact loading (caterpillars, tensioners, etc.). The paper focuses on the motivation behind the development program including a description of the different activities. The theory is described in terms of kinematics, material models and finite element formulation. A test example is further presented comparing predicted behaviour with respect to full-scale test results.

The Use of Bobbin Tools for Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium Alloys

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 1179-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip L. Threadgill ◽  
M.M.Z. Ahmed ◽  
Jonathan P. Martin ◽  
Jonathan G. Perrett ◽  
Bradley P. Wynne
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Machine Design ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Triangular Zone

The use of a double sided friction stir welding tool (known as a bobbin tool) has the advantage of giving a processed zone in the workpiece which is more or less rectangular in cross section, as opposed the triangular zone which is more typically found when conventional friction stir welding tool designs are used. In addition, the net axial force on the workpiece is almost zero, which has significant beneficial implications in machine design and cost. However, the response of these tools in generating fine microstructures in the nugget area has not been established. The paper presents detailed metallographic analyses of microstructures produced in 25mm AA6082-T6 aluminium wrought alloy, and examines grain size, texture and mechanical properties as a function of processing parameters and tool design, and offers comparison with data from welds made with conventional tools.

scholarly journals Refined Finite Element Analysis of Crack Causes in SRC Arch Rib Bridges considering Multiple Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mengsheng Yu ◽  
Nianchun Deng ◽  
Qifeng Chen ◽  
Tianzhi Hao
Keyword(s):  
Steel Frame ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Shrinkage Temperature ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Concrete Shrinkage ◽  
Shrinkage Process ◽  
Crack Problems ◽  
Arch Bridges ◽  
Bearing Structure

The SRC (steel-frame reinforced concrete) arch bridge is an important part of the development of arch bridges. Scholars worldwide have studied it from various aspects because of its stronger stiffness and stability than other types of bridges especially when crossing the canyon. The steel frame is a stress bracket during construction. Concrete becomes the main axial-pressure bearing structure when it fills the inner pipe and the encased frame. This article mainly focuses on the crack problems of SRC arch bridging during the postconstruction operation, local model of the midspan arch rib, and the equivalent relationship between the coefficient of expansion and the temperature of concrete. This study uses a cooling method to simulate the shrinkage process with detailed analysis of three properties including concrete shrinkage, temperature gradients, and concentrated hanger rod force. It is concluded that the SRC arch bridge will have large tensile stress on both inner and outer surfaces of slab and web when the temperature changes, and it is the main cause of cracks. The results agree well with measured data. At last, we come up with some reference suggestions in the design and construction of similar bridges in the future.

Novel Hanger Design to Improve the Robustness of Through Arch Bridges

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 862-868
Author(s):  
Qi Ming Wu ◽  
Dang Qi Yang ◽  
Fei Cui ◽  
Xiao Wei Yi ◽  
Rui Juan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Collapse ◽  
Time History ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Structural Robustness ◽  
Arch Bridges ◽  
Dynamic Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Emergency Measures

Hangers in through arch bridges are important components since they suspend the bridge deck from the arch ribs. Local damage at a hanger may lead to progressive damage of various components in the arch bridge or even progressive collapse of the bridge. In this paper, the conventional design of double-hangers in through arch bridges is reviewed. Then a new approach to design the double-hangers is put forward. The suitability and robustness of this approach is then verified by a numerical simulation of a real through arch bridge. The impact effects induced by local hanger fracture on other structural members are simulated by dynamic time-history analyses. The new approach to design the hangers for through arch bridges is shown to improve the structural robustness. With the application of the new way put forward here, when one or more hangers are damaged to fail, the through arch bridge will not be endangered and will still maintain the overall load-bearing capacity during an appropriate length of time to allow necessary emergency measures to be taken, which illustrates the leading principle of structural robustness well.

Study on Reliability Evaluation Method of Existing CFST Arch Bridge

2012 ◽  
Vol 226-228 ◽  
pp. 1679-1682
Author(s):  
Yi Song Zou ◽  
Hai Tao Hou ◽  
Wei Peng
Keyword(s):  
System Reliability ◽  
Reliability Index ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Reliability Assessment ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Cfst Arch Bridge ◽  
Arch Bridges ◽  
Grading Standards ◽  
Bridge System

Based on reliability theory, the application calculation method of Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFST) arch bridge system reliability index is studied. Select the most unfavorable load distribution in working condition of maximum moment and deflection at the mid-span, from the angle of strain energy, calculated the weights of CFST arch ribs component. On the basis of the grading standards of reliability assessment of the existing bridge components and the critical structures, CFST arch bridge system reliability assessment grading standards are constructed. CFST arch bridges reliability index are evaluated from two aspects (the arch ribs and segment) in this article. As the CFST arch bridge locates in the marine environment, corrosion environment is the serious level of C5-M, steel pipe corrosion is the major diseases of CFST, arch rib which on the corrosion conditions were assessed. The results show that the method can effectively assess the situation of CFST arch bridge.

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