scholarly journals Bearing Capacity Improvement of Expansive Soil: Stabilization with Cement and Iron Oxide Additive

2020 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Sofwan ◽  
Sukiman Nurdin
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Swelling Potential ◽  
Oxide Additive ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
Capacity Improvement

This research is intended to increase the bearing capacity and durability of expansive clay subgrade with Portsoil Composite Cement (PCC) and Iron Oxide additives. Using two variants of the stabilization material composition; composition-1 is soil with 5% of PCC, and composition-2 is soil with 5% PCC + 0. 04% Iron Oxide). Tests include swelling potential, durability, and CBR (California Bearing Ratio). The test results showed that the performance of stabilization using composition-2 was able to reduce swelling potential on day 3 by 94. 44% (14. 44% greater than using composition-1), reducing the potential for volume increment by 94. 15% (greater 15. 02% compared to using composition-1) and weight to 93. 31% (15. 32% greater than using first). The highest CBR value in the 3 wet-dry cycle periods was nature soil 2. 32%, using composition-1 reached 25. 26%, while using composition-2 reached 36. 93% (11. 67% greater than CBR value using composition-1). That the addition of 0. 04% Iron Oxide to PCC-soil stabilization can significantly improve cement performance for expansive clay stabilization as a road subgrade.

scholarly journals Performance of Circular Footing on Expansive Soil Bed Reinforced with Geocells of Chevron Pattern

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 2333-2348
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar Sahu ◽  
Sanjeev Naval
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Capacity Improvement ◽  
Placement Depth ◽  
Circular Footing

Results from laboratory model tests performed on circular footing are presented in this paper to understand the performance of geocell reinforced expansive soil. Naturally occurring expansive soil was used in this study as subsoil. Geocells of chevron pattern fabricated from geotextile made up of polypropylene were used to reinforce the soil bed. The parameters studied in this testing program were the placement depth of the geocell mattress, pocket size of geocell and the height of geocell mattress. Contrary to other researchers; the improvement in the performance of reinforced bed is evaluated at a settlement level equal to the failure settlement of unreinforced soil bed. The performance of reinforced bed is evaluated through two non-dimensional factors viz. bearing capacity improvement factor (If) and settlement reduction factor (PRS%). Test results indicated that with the introduction of geocell as reinforcement, a substantial improvement in bearing capacity and decrease in footing settlement can be achieved. Bearing capacity of reinforced bed increases by more than 200% and 81% reduction in footing settlement was achieved by using geocell mattress of optimal dimensions and placing it just below the footing base.

scholarly journals Effect of Lime and Fly ash on Load Bearing Capacity of Expansive Clay soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 554-563
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Atterberg Limits ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Compaction Test

Expansive soil is a problematic soil which found in wide part of the world that has a high degree of sensitivity, nature of expansion and shrink behavior during water adding and removing this caused insufficient bearing capacity, excessive differential settlement and instability on excavation and embankment forming those conditions accelerate damage of building structure, road highway and dam. Attempt to undertake construction in such type of soil result will be bearing capacity failure, settlement problem. One of the well-known application of Lime and fly ash were improve Atterberg limits, compaction characteristics, bearing capacity and prevention of swelling problem of expansive clay that is why the main reason to select lime and fly ash in this project, both are good binding material to increase the cohesion force and shear strength of soil and assured to established rigid pavements and foundations. The mixing proportion of lime, fly ash and combination of lime and fly ash are (0%, 2 %, 4 % ), (10%, 15% ,20% ), (2 %+10 %, 2 % +15 %, 2 % +20 %) and (4 %+10 %, 4 % + 15 % , 4 %+ 20 %) with expansive soil respectively and then explored how much it modify the characteristics of soil like maximum dry density moisture content, consistency limits, FSI, UCS and CBR value which compare to untreated soil. Lime and fly ash treated soil carried out various tests Such as Moisture content test, consistency limit, compaction test, Unconfined Compression swelling index test and California bearing ratio test then after justify weather the bearing capacity of soil is good or not . Classification of soil was determined by conducting plasticity index and swelling index tests. Effect of lime and fly ash on soil index properties were assessed by conducting Atterberg limits test, strength of soil were assessed by conducting compaction test, UCS tests and CBR test and swelling properties were checked by conducting swelling index test. Expansive clay soil were mixed with lime, fly ash and combination of lime - fly ash by replacement process of soil and then cured for 7, 14 and 28 days.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF LATERITE SOIL WITH PORTLAND CEMENT MIXED VARIATIONS AND THE EFFECT ON THE CBR UNSOAKED

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ravi ◽  
Hurul 'Ain ◽  
Betti Ses Eka Polonia ◽  
M. Hanif Faisal
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Traffic Loads ◽  
Construction Loads ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Test Result

Ketapang and Kayong Utara Regency have road construction that often suffers damage before the planned life age caused by the behavior of expansive clay. The subgrade is a fundamental structure in building road construction because the subgrade will support traffic loads or construction loads. The strength and durability of the pavement structure road will depend on the properties and bearing capacity of the subgrade. Practically soil stabilization is a reinforcement engineering against foundation or subgrade by using mixed materials. Therefore, different soil improvement variations are needed. Based on the test result, the CBR value of Sukadana initially gets a 2.95% point. The CBR value for the 6% and 10 % mixture, respectively, gets 17.14% and 25.02%. The CBR value of Sungai Melayu Rayak originally get 4.65% point. Then, for the 6% and 10% mixture, the CBR values increased by 13.78% and 18%. The value of the bearing capacity of the highway soil construction can be know from the results of CBR testing on each variation. The CBR also can measure the strength of the soil. The addition of cement to the earth tends to increase the bearing capacity of the ground. It is because cement can function as a binder between soil particles with chemical compounds contained in cement.

Analysis of a New Expansive Soils Stabilization Method Made from Eco-Cement and Fiber Reinforcement

2013 ◽  
Vol 649 ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Mircea Aniculaesi ◽  
Anghel Stanciu ◽  
Irina Lungu
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Fiber Reinforcement ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Swelling Potential ◽  
Stabilization Method ◽  
Swell Potential ◽  
Main Factor

The main factor that governs the shrink-swell behavior of expansive soils is the change in water content and the amount and type of clay size in the soil. In this paper, the research made are focused in reducing the swell potential of the studied clay by improvement in two ways: first by stabilization with a combination of eco-cement and Portland cement (1:1 ratio), and second by synthetic fiber reinforcement. A series of laboratory tests were performed on synthetic fiber reinforced expansive soil to determine the potential for using synthetic fiber reinforcement to reduce swell potential of soils. Specimens tested were prepared at two different synthetic fiber dosages 0.2% and 0.4%. The treatment of expansive clay with 5% eco-cement and 5% Portland cement revealed a better improvement of the swelling potential. The synthetic fiber reinforcement of the expansive soil doesn’t lead to a significant improvement of the soil.

scholarly journals The compressive strength improvement on softsoil subgrade with Quicklime stabilization, activated Gum Rosin and Iron Oxide

2018 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Sofwan ◽  
Lawalenna Samang ◽  
Tri Harianto ◽  
Achmad Bakri Muhidin
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Durability Test ◽  
Volume Increase ◽  
Gum Rosin ◽  
Cbr Test ◽  
Strength And Durability

This study is intended to increase the compressive strength and durability of subgrade with lime, on high plasticity expansive soil. The composition of the stabilizing agent used; composition-1 is soil + 5% slakelime, composition-2 is soil + 5% quicklime, and composition-3 is soil + 5% (quicklime with rosin and iron oxide activation). The testing includes swelling test, durability test, and CBR test. That the performance of stabilization with the composition-3 was able to reduce the swelling potential on 3th day by 93.89%, decrease the volume increase potential by 93.09% and decrease the weight increase potential by 94.00% in the 3 periods of wet-dry cycle, and increase the CBR value by 758.62%. That the activation of gum rosin and iron oxide on quicklime can significantly improve the performance of lime for stabilization of expansive clay as subgrade of highway.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Uses of Concrete Demolishing Waste in improving the Geotechnical Properties of Expansive Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 158-174
Author(s):  
Safin B. Saeed ◽  
Kamal Ahmad Rashed
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Swelling Potential ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Chemical Admixture

Expansive soil is one of the most serious problems that face engineers during the execution of any infrastructure projects. Soil stabilization using chemical admixture is one of the most traditional and widespread methods of soil improvement. Nevertheless, soil improvement on site is one of the most economical solutions for many engineering applications. Using construction and demolishing waste in soil stabilization is still under research., The aim of this study is to identify the effect of using concrete demolishing waste (CDW) in soil stabilization. Serious tests were conducted to investigate the changes in the geotechnical properties of the natural soil stabilized with CDW. From the results, it is concluded that the swelling potential of the expansive soil reduced and dramatic increases in unconfined compressive strength (UCS) value up to 3 times of its original value was reported. The results indicate that CDW is an economical solution to be used in soil stabilization whereas it is a sustainable idea to recycle constructional wastes and solve the continued need for the more landfilling area.

Experimental Study on Stress-Dependent Soil Water Characteristic Curve of a Recompacted Expansive Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 256-259 ◽  
pp. 283-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Jian Long Zheng ◽  
C W W Ng
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Vertical Stress ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Soil Water Characteristic Curve ◽  
Soil Fabric ◽  
Stress Dependent

In order to investigate stress-dependent soil water characteristic curve of recompacted expansive soil and the changes of soil-water characteristic under vertical stress in terms of soil fabric and pore size distribution, pressure plate tests scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests were conducted on a recompacted medium-expansive clay. The test results show that under an applied vertical stress, the air-entry value of a SDSWCC was greater than that of SWCC obtained under zero stress. No distinct hysteresis within a dry-wet cycle of SDSWCC could be found. The change of SWCC of the expansive soil under the applied stress could be mainly attributed to the rearrangement of aggregate and the compression of pores in the soil.

scholarly journals Analysis of shear strength of the expansive soil stabilized with kaolin at various soaking times

2021 ◽  
Vol 878 (1) ◽  
pp. 012050
Author(s):  
R P W Gultom ◽  
R M Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Unconfined Compression Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Time Variations ◽  
Dry Soil

Abstract Expansive clay soils are high shrinkage soils that have low bearing capacity. So an effort is needed to reduce the nature of its swelling. One effort that can be done is the method of soil stabilization, where the soil is mixed with materials that can reduce soil swelling and increase the shear strength of the soil. One of the materials that can be used is kaolin powder. Kaolin is a stabilizing agent found in nature so it is easy to obtain. The purpose of this research is to analyse the decrease of expansive soil swelling and the value of its unconfined compression strength at various soaking times. The test was carried out by mixing 9% kaolin powder against dry soil weight. The stabilized soils were then compacted as samples to be soaked with time variations of 0 days, 3 days, 7 days, 10 days, and 14 days. The results of the test after soaking 14 days is a decrease of the stabilized soil swelling value up to 67.78%. The unconfined compression strength is increase up to 77.28% compared to its natural condition.

scholarly journals Influence of Waste Marble Dust on the Improvement of Expansive Clay Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Hassan A. M. Abdelkader ◽  
Mohamed M. A. Hussein ◽  
Haiwang Ye
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Optimum Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Marble Dust ◽  
Soil Mixtures

The marble process industry from Shaq Al-Thouban region, which is located in East Cairo, Egypt, produces a huge amount of marble wastes every day during the cutting and processing stages. Up to now, most of these wastes are dumping on open land which creates serious environmental problems. The amount of waste marble from the processing stage is about 20 to 25% of the total processed stone. Egypt also suffers from the problem of expansive soil that occupies a large area of its lands, especially in the new cities that are built on these lands. The primary purpose of this study is to use this waste material in the soil stabilization in point of view utilization of this waste as local low-cost materials and elimination of their negative environmental impacts. The waste marble dust was mixed with expansive soil samples with various percentages of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% by dry weight of soil. Different tests including Atterberg’s limits, standard Proctor compaction, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), California bearing ratio (CBR), swelling percentage, linear shrinkage (LS) tests, and XRF and XRD analyses were conducted for natural and marble dust stabilized soils. The soil mixtures used for UCS, CBR, and swell tests were compacted at the optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MDD) using the standard Proctor compaction method and cured for 7 days. The results of the tests showed that there are significant effects in enhancing the properties of expansive soils. Also, the results showed that as the percentage of the marble dust increases the plasticity index, the swelling potential of the expansive clayey soil decreases. Furthermore, the optimum moisture content decreases, and the maximum dry density increases. Also, UCS, CBR, and the calcite content of the soil mixtures increase with the increase in marble dust content.

scholarly journals A Novel Application of the Hydrophobic Polyurethane Foam: Expansive Soil Stabilization

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1335
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ezzat Al-Atroush ◽  
Omar Shabbir ◽  
Bandar Almeshari ◽  
Mohamed Waly ◽  
Tamer A. Sebaey
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Swelling Potential ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Shrinkage Cracking ◽  
Potential Reduction ◽  
Swelling Soil ◽  
Closed Cell

The reversible shrink–swell behavior of expansive soil imposes a serious challenge that threatens the overlying structures’ safety and durability. Traditional chemical additives such as lime and cement still exhibit satisfying performance over their counterparts in terms of swelling potential reduction. Nevertheless, significant concerns are associated with these chemicals, in addition to their environmental impact. This paper proposes a novel application of the closed-cell one-component hydrophobic polyurethane foam (HPUF) to stabilize the swelling soil. An extensive experimental study was performed to assess the efficiency of HPUF in mitigating both the swelling and shrinkage response of high montmorillonite content expansive soil. Expansive soil was injected/mixed with different weight ratios of the proposed stabilizer, and the optimum mixing design and injection percentage of the foam resin were identified to be ranged from 10% to 15%. The shrink–swell behaviors of both injected and noninjected samples were compared. Results of this comparison confirmed that HPUF could competently reduce both the swelling potential and the shrinkage cracking of the reactive expansive soil, even after several wet-shrink cycles.

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