Analysis of a New Expansive Soils Stabilization Method Made from Eco-Cement and Fiber Reinforcement

2013 ◽  
Vol 649 ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Mircea Aniculaesi ◽  
Anghel Stanciu ◽  
Irina Lungu
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Fiber Reinforcement ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Swelling Potential ◽  
Stabilization Method ◽  
Swell Potential ◽  
Main Factor

The main factor that governs the shrink-swell behavior of expansive soils is the change in water content and the amount and type of clay size in the soil. In this paper, the research made are focused in reducing the swell potential of the studied clay by improvement in two ways: first by stabilization with a combination of eco-cement and Portland cement (1:1 ratio), and second by synthetic fiber reinforcement. A series of laboratory tests were performed on synthetic fiber reinforced expansive soil to determine the potential for using synthetic fiber reinforcement to reduce swell potential of soils. Specimens tested were prepared at two different synthetic fiber dosages 0.2% and 0.4%. The treatment of expansive clay with 5% eco-cement and 5% Portland cement revealed a better improvement of the swelling potential. The synthetic fiber reinforcement of the expansive soil doesn’t lead to a significant improvement of the soil.

scholarly journals The Use of Geogrids in Mitigating Pavement Defects on Roads Built over Expansive Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Shumbusho ◽  
Gurmel S. Ghataora ◽  
Michael P.N. Burrow ◽  
Digne R. Rwabuhungu
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Swelling Potential ◽  
Swelling Behaviour ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Potential Benefits

This study was conducted to investigate the potential benefits of using geogrids in mitigating pavement defects notably roughness and longitudinal cracking on pavements built over expansive soils. The seasonal changes of expansive soils (periodic wetting and drying) cause detrimental effects on the overlying road pavements. Such detrimental behavior of expansive soils was simulated in a controlled laboratory environment through allowing cyclic wetting and drying of an expansive soil underlying a pavement section. The shrink/swell effects of the expansive soil subgrade were examined through monitoring its change in moisture, and measuring deformation of overlying pavement section. The experimental study suggested that a geogrid layer in a reinforced pavement section can reduce surface differential shrinking and swelling deformation resulting from underlying expansive soils by a factor of 2 and 3 respectively in comparison to unreinforced section. Given that an oedometer test which is typically used to predict swelling potential of expansive soils is known to overpredict in-situ soil swell, experimental program also investigated quantitatively the extent to which the oedometer can overestimate swelling behaviour of the real-field scenarios. It was found that oedometer percent swell can overpredict in-situ swelling behaviour of the expansive soil by a factor ranging between 2 and 10 depending upon the period over which the in-situ expansive soil has been in contact with water.

scholarly journals Effect of Compaction Energy on Engineering Properties of Expansive Soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadam Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Expansive Clays ◽  
Swell Potential ◽  
Compaction Energy ◽  
Strength And Deformation

Swelling of expansive clays is one of the great hazards, a foundation engineer encounters. Each year expansive soils cause severe damage to residences, buildings, highways, pipelines, and other civil engineering structures. Strength and deformation parameters of soils are normally related to soil type and moisture. However, surprisingly limited focus has been directed to the compaction energy applied to the soil. Study presented herein is proposed to examine the effect of varying compaction energy of the engineering properties i.e. compaction characteristics, unconfined compressive strength, California bearing ratio and swell percentage of soil. When compaction energy increased from 237 KJ/m3 to 1197 KJ/m3, MDD increased from 1.61 g/cm3 to 1.75 g/cm3, OMC reduced from 31.55 percent to 21.63 percent, UCS increased from 110.8 to 230.6 KPa, and CBR increased from mere 1 percent to 10.2 percent. Results indicate substantial improvement in these properties. So, compacting soil at higher compaction energy levels can provide an effective approach for stabilization of expansive soils up to a particular limit. But if the soil is compacted more than this limit, an increase in swell potential of soil is noticed due to the reduction in permeability of soil.

Effects of Fiber Reinforcement on Strength and Volume Change in Expansive Soils

2000 ◽  
Vol 1736 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand J. Puppala ◽  
Chisha Musenda
Keyword(s):  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforcement ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Volumetric Shrinkage ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Expansive Clays ◽  
Swell Potential ◽  
Free Swell

The results of a research study to investigate the influence of discrete and randomly oriented polypropylene fiber reinforcement on expansive soil stabilization are presented. Two expansive soils were used as control soils in the testing program. Two types of fibers and four fiber dosages (0,0.3,0.6, and 0.9 percent by dry weight of soil) were considered. Both raw and fiber-reinforced clayey samples were prepared and subjected to unconfined compressive strength (UCS), volumetric shrinkage, three-dimensional free swell, and swell pressure tests. Test results were statistically analyzed to investigate the effectiveness of fiber reinforcement on strength, swell, and shrinkage characteristics of expansive clays. Results indicated that the fiber reinforcement enhanced the UCS of the soil and reduced both volumetric shrinkage strains and swell pressures of the expansive clays. The fiber treatment also increased the free swell potential of the soils. Practical implications of the findings and future research directions are discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Iron Chloride on the Strength Behaviour of the Expansive Clay

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6730-6733
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Iron Chloride ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Expansive Clays ◽  
Shrinkage And Swelling ◽  
Strong Electrolytes

From the fast few decades, several techniques were introduced inorder to modify the behaviour of expansive clays. The use of strong electrolytes like calcium chloride (CaCl2 ), aluminum trichloride (AlCl3 ) and iron chloride (FeCl3 ) were extensively used in various civil engineering applications. Expansive soils possesses alternate shrinkage and swelling with the removal and addition of water from it. Iron chloride was effectively used to alter the swelling and shrinkage and also improve the engineering behaviour of expansive clays. Therefore, in the current work an effort is made for study the influence of iron chloride (FeCl3 ) on the strength behaviour of the expansive soil. The outcomes from the laboratory investigation proved that the usage of iron chloride (FeCl3 ) produce reduction in swelling and improvement in the strength. It was found that 1% FeCl3 be the optimum for both the UCS and CBR. Hence, from the investigation it was showed that iron chloride is a valuable stabilizer to enhance the properties of black cotton soil and to create it apt for various applications of Civil Engineering.

scholarly journals Development of Some Novel Suction-Based Correlations for Swell Behavior of Expansive Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Bakht Zamin ◽  
Hassan Nasir ◽  
Khalid Mehmood ◽  
Qaiser Iqbal ◽  
M. Tariq Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Field Instrumentation ◽  
Swell Potential ◽  
Unsaturated Expansive Soils

Swelling and shrinkage are the two distinctive characteristics of expansive soils, and due to this behavior, these soils are considered a natural hazard for infrastructure. Many structures in different regions have been impaired due to the swell/shrink behavior of the expansive soil. Most of the severe distress is impeded because of the inherent suction (negative pore water pressure) present in expansive soils. Both suction and swelling parameters are greatly affected by the surrounding moisture content. Due to this feature of expansive soil, geotechnical engineers are interested in utilizing the suction-based correlations for the assessment of unsaturated expansive soils. The current investigation was carried out to develop novel correlations incorporating lab testing and field instrumentation. To fulfill the objectives, eight sites of the local expansive soil in Pakistan were selected for samples collection and field testing. Conventional odometer testing was conducted to measure the swell pressure (Sp) and swell potential (S) of the fabricated/remolded specimens. Gypsum block (G-block) sensors were additionally utilized for estimating the matric suction in the field. To expand the database, the previously published data of the same nature was also incorporated. Based on the results, the power form of the novel correlations (suction-based) is highly significant for estimating (Sp), while for swell potential, the logarithmic correlation with R2 = 0.6551 is more significant than other forms of correlations. The proposed suction-based correlation can be equally utilized for the estimation of field suction as well as for swell behavior of expansive soil having a plasticity index (PI) ≥ 22%.

scholarly journals Effect of Polymeric Resins on Geotechnical Properties of Black Cotton Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1781-1785
Keyword(s):  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Chemical Stabilization ◽  
Stabilization Method ◽  
Mechanical Stabilization ◽  
Polymeric Resins ◽  
Moisture Barriers

Stabilization of black cotton soil is a challenging task for geotechnical engineers since such soil is highly vulnerable to expansive characteristics when the moisture content is increased. Due to its expansive nature, it is also called as swelling or expansive soils. Among the clay minerals, Montmorillonite is mainly responsible for such expansive characteristics. Bore log profile has a cluster of soil specimens including black cotton soil also which is unavoidable. Soil engineers have a serious concern about such expansive soil since it is treacherous for foundation of buildings. To overcome such deficiencies it becomes essential to stabilize the soil conditions. The commonly employed methods to decrease the expansive behaviour are: Chemical stabilization, Mechanical stabilization and installation of moisture barriers. In this paper, chemical stabilization method is adopted. Soil stabilizers, namely, sodium silicate, epoxy resin and polyvinyl alcohol are chosen and are mixed with black cotton soil in varying proportions of 5%, 10% and 15% to study the changes in geotechnical properties. From the results it is evident that polymer treated soils reduce plasticity characteristics and shows better results in geotechnical properties.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kadar Air Awal Dan Surcharge Pressure Pada Uji Karakteristik Pengembangan Tanah Ekspansif

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Wilis Diana ◽  
Edi Hartono ◽  
Anita Widianti
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Swell Percent ◽  
Swell Pressure

Expansive soils experience volumetric changes due to water content changes. These volumetric changes cause swell and shrink movement in soils, which in turn will inflict severe damage to structures built above them. A Proper understanding of how the expansive soil behaves during the wetting/drying process is essential for assessing the mitigation action of expansive soil hazard and design suitable foundation. The structures that build above expansive soil bed are susceptible to heave and to withstand swell pressure, thus the swell pressure must be considered in the design. This study focuses on swelling properties of two expansive clay from Ngawi, East Java and Wates, Yogyakarta. Laboratory test on disturbed samples is used to identified and to measured swelling properties. A series of swelling test was performed under constant soil dry density. The influence of initial water content and surcharge pressure on swelling properties (i.e swell percent and swell pressure) of compacted samples were investigated. The swelling properties test used ASTM standard 4546-03 method B. It was found that the lower initial water content the higher the swell percent, but the swell pressure seems not to be affected by initial water content. At the same initial water content, swell percent decrease with the increase of surcharge pressure, but swell pressure remains unchanged.

scholarly journals Bearing Capacity Improvement of Expansive Soil: Stabilization with Cement and Iron Oxide Additive

2020 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Sofwan ◽  
Sukiman Nurdin
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Swelling Potential ◽  
Oxide Additive ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
Capacity Improvement

This research is intended to increase the bearing capacity and durability of expansive clay subgrade with Portsoil Composite Cement (PCC) and Iron Oxide additives. Using two variants of the stabilization material composition; composition-1 is soil with 5% of PCC, and composition-2 is soil with 5% PCC + 0. 04% Iron Oxide). Tests include swelling potential, durability, and CBR (California Bearing Ratio). The test results showed that the performance of stabilization using composition-2 was able to reduce swelling potential on day 3 by 94. 44% (14. 44% greater than using composition-1), reducing the potential for volume increment by 94. 15% (greater 15. 02% compared to using composition-1) and weight to 93. 31% (15. 32% greater than using first). The highest CBR value in the 3 wet-dry cycle periods was nature soil 2. 32%, using composition-1 reached 25. 26%, while using composition-2 reached 36. 93% (11. 67% greater than CBR value using composition-1). That the addition of 0. 04% Iron Oxide to PCC-soil stabilization can significantly improve cement performance for expansive clay stabilization as a road subgrade.

Performance Evaluation of Cement and Slag Stabilized Expansive Soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (52) ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masrur Mahedi ◽  
Bora Cetin ◽  
David J. White
Keyword(s):  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Atterberg Limits ◽  
Type I ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Swelling Potential ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Addition Rate ◽  
Sulfate Salts ◽  
Type V

Swelling, shrinking, and subsequent low strength of expansive soil poses significant damage to structures if it is considered as foundation or fill material. Recently, the use of cement has become very prevalent in stabilizing these problematic soils owing to its effectiveness. However, the swelling potential of expansive soil is not always adequately resolved by cement. The presence of sulfate salts aggravates the situation impairing the effectiveness of cement, leading to the need to reassess its performance. In this study, the effectiveness of different stabilizers was investigated in stabilizing high-plasticity soil. Two types of soil with variable sulfate content were treated with slag, Type I/II, and Type V Portland cement, and their performances were evaluated based on Atterberg limits, pH, unconfined compression, and volumetric swell tests. A total of 312 samples were prepared for 18 different soil–stabilizer blends tested after 7, 28, and 90 days of curing period. Laboratory test results indicated that strength gain performance was attenuated and swelling potential increased due to the presence of sulfate salts. Adding stabilizers improved the strength of soils by a factor of 4–10 and decreased the swelling potential to < 1%. Atterberg limits decreased initially and then slightly increased with the increase of additive dosages. Additives increased the pH up to a maximum value of 11–12, which could be used as an indicator of target stabilizer addition rate. Finally, slag improved the performance of cement significantly and has proven to be a better option for treating high sulfate expansive soils.

scholarly journals Effect of Sand Compaction Piles on the Swelling and Shrinkage Behavior of Expansive Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mohamed M. A. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Expansive Clay ◽  
Swelling Potential ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Regular Time ◽  
Shrinkage Behavior ◽  
Shrinkage Potential

This study aims to investigate the effect of sand compaction piles on the swelling and shrinkage behavior of expansive clay soil. A series of experimental laboratory tests were carried out using the modified Proctor mold and a circular footing. The diameter of the sand compaction pile was selected to give a replacement area ratio equal to 57%. To model the swelling and shrinkage cycles, water was added to the sample and the heave was recorded at regular time intervals. The shrinkage was obtained by heating the outer surface of the modified Proctor mold at a temperature of 110°C ± 5°C by a development heating system designed for this purpose to accelerate the shrinkage process. The vertical movement was recorded at regular time intervals. The swelling and shrinkage cycles were carried out under an externally applied pressure equal to 120 kPa. The main results of this study showed that, for untreated expansive soil, the swelling potential reaches the highest value at the second cycle and started to decrease for the subsequent cycles. After the fourth cycle, the swelling potential decreases and reaches about half the value of the initial swelling potential and the equilibrium state occurs. For expansive soil treated with a sand compaction pile, it is found that there is a significant reduction in both swelling and shrinkage potential. Moreover, it is observed that after the first cycle both the swelling and shrinkage potential decrease significantly, and both reach a negligible value after the second cycle.

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