scholarly journals Analytical tools for ensuring economic security in the conditions of global competitiveness: theoretical aspect

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 06004
Author(s):  
Nina Avanesova ◽  
Olena Kirdina ◽  
Irina Volovelska ◽  
Valentina Maslova ◽  
Yuliya Utkina

Global competitiveness, based on the international division of labor, the use of factors of production and the country’s place in the world market ensures the ability of the state to participate in the competition and the full use of its own competitive advantages. Globalization processes have negative consequences for functioning of national economies, which actualizes the problem of ensuring the economic security of countries. The economic security of the state is the criterion of the effectiveness of the state economic policy and characterizes the overall level of the country’s economy; the presence and level of threats to the state, society or person; the effectiveness of state regulation of the economy; the full implementation of the functions of the state. At the same time, its analytical tools are based on the most important parameters of the state of the economic system, its stability and mobility: GDP growth, the level and quality of life of the majority of the population, inflation, unemployment, the structure of the economy, the property stratification of the population, criminalization and shadowing of the economy, the state of the technical and technological base of the economy, spending on research, import dependence, economic openness, internal and external debt.

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Nataliia Zachosova ◽  
Nataliia Babina

In the conditions of the financial system destabilization in Ukraine, caused by such negative phenomenaas military actions in the East, the economic downturn, political and financial crises, population disappointment inthe institution of power and loss of the people’s confidence in power structures and so on, market mechanisms arenot able to ensure the restoration of the national financial market and to encourage its professional participantsto use mechanisms of protection their own assets and the assets of their clients from external and internal threatsactively. State interference in the functioning of financial institutions is necessary, especially for those of their types,whose bankruptcy may have fatal consequences for the welfare of the population and cause the liquidation ofeconomic entities of the domestic economy. Among them are: banks, insurance companies, credit unions, andother institutions of credit co-operation, investment companies, in particular, joint investment institutions (unit andcorporate investment funds), non-state pension funds, leasing, factoring, and other financial companies, pawns,etc. Therefore, it is expedient to consider the possibility of the influence of state regulators in financial servicesmarkets on the state of their participants’ economic security. However, the study of the realities of the financialmarket of Ukraine development has made it possible to assert that for a number of financial institutions, the conceptof economic security is something abstract, and the understanding by their top management the importanceof economic security management, taking into account the negative market trends, is completely absent.So, the purpose of this study is to diagnose the level of financial institutions preparedness for the implementationof economic security management into their common system of management. The high level of financial marketparticipants’ readiness for safe-oriented management will allow regulators to rapidly implement in their practicea list of recommendations that will minimize the threat of bankruptcy and liquidation of domestic financialinstitutions. Methodology. In the process of preparing a scientific article, a great number of literary sources wasconsidered. Some of them were developed using the method of theoretical generalization and the monographicmethod. The theoretical results presented in the research materials were obtained on the basis of the study ofworks of such scientists as Amadae S. M., Baily M. N., Elliott D. J., Ismail Z., Johnson K. N., Mirtchev A., Nelson J. A.,Raczkowski K., Schneider F., Sidek Z. M., Ula M., Whalen C. J., Wierzbicka E., Yong J. To confirm the reliability of thescientific results presented in the article, the authors used the Delphi method and expert evaluation. The list ofindicators for assessing the level of financial institutions readiness for the implementation of a mechanism formanaging economic security in the following five areas is formed. These areas are: the availability and conditionof the economic security system, the state of information and analytical support for the adoption of managementdecisions in the field of economic security, the state of intellectual and personnel management provision ofeconomic security, reserves of financial support of economic security, the level of external influence on the stateof economic security (state regulation and supervision). In May 2018, representatives of the top management ofvarious types of financial institutions, scientists, researchers, and analysts who were interested in the issues ofeconomic security management of the financial sector were interviewed. Their answers were analysed and the levelof readiness for managing the economic security of the most common types of financial institutions in the financialmarket of Ukraine was determined. Using the graphical method, the obtained scientific results are presented ina convenient and understandable form for the perception of all interested persons. Results of the survey. The necessityof carrying out diagnostics of the readiness to manage economic security at the level of state regulatory bodies andat the level of top management of financial institutions in the near future is substantiated. A large-scale analytical work was carried out on determining the parameters of financial institutions readiness for the continuous and professional economic security management, which should be carried out with the use of a systematic approach. Based on expert opinions, a preliminary assessment of the various types of financial intermediaries’ readiness to integrate security-oriented management into the financial institutions’ common management system was made. Practical implications. The proposed methodological approach for assessing the level of financial institutions readiness to manage their own economic security should be used by the state regulators of the financial market, in particular, by the National Bank of Ukraine and the National Commission, which performs state regulation in the field of financial services markets, to monitor the activities of professional financial market participants in order to conduct advisory and consultative work with their owners and managers, as well as for the development of strategic guidelines for the provision of the state financial security. It is desirable to implement into the practical activities of financial intermediaries our proposals for increasing the readiness for implementation of the economic security management mechanism in the existing systems of management. Value/originality. For the first time, a scoring methodology was prepared for assessing the level of financial institutions readiness for the implementation of economic security management as an independent direction of management, and not as one of the tasks of other types of their management activity. At the theoretical level, the substantive interpretation of the notion of the readiness of financial institutions to manage their own economic security is proposed. The reasons for the impossibility of the modern financial institutions to manage their own economic security effectively are identified, and a few suggestions to minimize their number in the near future were made.


2019 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
V. Kudriavtseva

Problem setting. This article deals with the problems of forming the legislative mechanism of creation and state support of the legal investment order, which should ensure the functioning of the investment market in the mode of observance of the principle of freedom of investment activity and at the same time real providing the national economy with investments in the necessary quantitative and qualitative parameters for the expanded reproduction of competitive socially-based production, without the use of excessive enforcement mechanisms labor, intellectual, financial and natural resources of the country and ensure the state of investment security. Analysis of scientific research. It is significant that public procurement has been the subject of scientific research by experts in commercial law: D.V. Zadikhaylo, V.K. Mamutov, O.P. Podserkovniy, V.A. Ustimenko, V.S. Shcherbinа, etc. The purpose of this scientific article is to identify the key problems of the formation of the legislative mechanism for the creation and state support of the legal investment order, which should ensure the functioning of the investment market and ensure the state of investment security. Article’s main body. The concept of national investment security, which is part of the national economic security of the country as a whole, is to systematically prevent the threat of a critical shortage of investment resources through the creation and state support of an appropriate legal investment order. The lack of a clear and systematic definition in the legislation of Ukraine of the legal mechanism of state regulation of economic relations, including investment, is a disadvantage, which frankly reduces the state’s ability to effectively influence economic processes and, consequently, its ability to fulfill its functional responsibilities in the sphere of economy. The investment component is a special subsystem of economic security that creates prerequisites for the best use of socio-economic relations in the development and scientific and technical restoration of productive forces of society through active investment activity. In studying the structure of the investment component we propose to take into account: inclusion of the investment component in the system of economic security of Ukraine; differentiation of the investment component by different levels of economy (country, region, industry, enterprise); the property of synergism, that is, the investment component of the economic security of the country is not a mere set of investment components of the economic security of regions and enterprises; formation of an investment component under the influence of many objective factors; the occurrence of various risks as a result of appropriate conditions. Conclusions and prospects for development. That’s why there is a need to develop and substantiate a system of initial concepts related to the economic and legal support of the implementation of the investment policy of the state: the investment market, the investment policy of the state, the legal investment policy of the state, the legislative investment policy of the state, the mechanism of formation of the legal investment policy, investment order and national investment security, etc.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (155) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
V. Reshetilo

The problems of formation of new institutional conditions of territorial alignment in the context of the need for transition of the country to inclusive development, which requires the inclusion of all members of society in socio-economic processes and their humanization, are investigated. It has been determined that inclusive development has broader goals than GDP growth, and aims at compre-hensive human development, increasing its well-being and reducing poverty and inequality, and requires active participation in the human resource economy. It is revealed that the economic literature covers the concepts of "inclusive growth", "inclusive innovation", "inclusive development", "inclusive economy", etc. There are also many definitions of the term "inclusive develop-ment". Thus, World Bank scholars have identified: inclusive development is the sustainable rapid development of all sectors of the economy, which attracts a large part of the country's labor resources and is characterized by equal access to the labor market and resources. The priority of inclusive development is to improve the quality of life of the population through the formation of a high-employment economy and a society with a minimal separation. Achieving these goals is not possible only through the efforts of the state. They should be shifted to the regional level, but subject to effective regional policy, expansion of local authority, creation of financial conditions for innovative development of regions. The importance of strategic state regulation of regional development, which has to be systematic, indirect and advisory, needs to be clearly defined strategic goals and objectives of long-term socio-economic development, development of anti-crisis state policy, establishment of optimal ratio of all branches of power, support of regional economic security, proven implementation of fiscal and monetary policy, non-interference in the operational activities of local authorities. Such important factors as achievement of the goals of inclusive development are considered, as decentraliza-tion in management and development of regions, features of "domestic model of decentralization", formation of new institutional unit - united territorial communities and formation of their innovative structures, and directions of development of effective economic policy of the state and regions. to implement the concept of inclusive development. Keywords: territorial alignment, inclusive development, institutional transformations, decentralization in governance and development of regions, integrated territorial communities, economic policy, integrated regional programs.


2020 ◽  
Vol 195 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
A. Alekseev ◽  
Ol'ga Ruschickaya ◽  
V. Lavrov ◽  
N. Yurchenko

Abstract. Purpose of the study is improving the mechanism of state regulation of agricultural producers, due to the need to overcome the pandemic and prevent the recurrence of similar scenarios in the future. The object of research is an agricultural producer, belonging to the category of small business. The subject of the study is the relationship between the object of study and the state represented by government bodies and institutions involved in the provision of state support that may arise in the process of overcoming the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Research Methods. A theoretical analysis was used to identify threats from the coronavirus pandemic to agriculture and the agro-industrial complex as a whole. Comparison as a method of cognition was used when comparing the requirements of small businesses for state support and measures actually taken by the government. A systematic approach and modeling were used to summarize the experience of the functioning of the economy in a pandemic and to create patterns of behavior of small agribusiness entities. The method of scientific abstraction made it possible to present the most probable state of small business in the agro-industrial complex, depending on the provision or refusal of state regulatory influence on the economy in order to eliminate the damage caused by the pandemic. The rule of combining historical and logical in their unity allowed us to look at the coronavirus pandemic not as a unique phenomenon in the history of modern economics, but as a negative phenomenon that will potentially be reproduced in the future and the logic of counteraction which requires active intervention at the state level, and in the future - generalization, analysis and improvement of the experience gained. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is composed of statistical data on the state of the world economy, consumption, unemployment, publications of news agencies and government officials on measures taken to deal with the consequences of the pandemic, existing programs for the development of the digital economy, as well as publications of leading scientists in the agricultural sector on digital problems economics. Results. Within the scope of this study, there were characterized the most negative consequences of the pandemic for the agro-industrial complex, there was carried out the analysis of announced and already taken measures to support entrepreneurship and were described behavior models of small agribusiness entities in the current situation. Scientific novelty. The authors have developed a new method for the rapid diagnosis of a small agribusiness subject, claiming to receive state support for regional and industry programs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
OLEINIKOV Yurii ◽  
SYEROVA Liudmyla

Background. The development of the national brand correlates with the development of the country, its economic condition and political system, cultural and social development, the level of national security, geostrategic priorities, and integ­ration aspirations. The rapid development of Ukraine as a full-fledged partner of international economic relations is manifested in strengthening its position in the world market of goods and services, actualizing the development of the national brand. Analysis of recent research and publications has shown that despite the existence of some scientific achievements, an important scientific and practical problem of the institutional components of a brand-oriented economy remains unresolved. The purpose of the article is to explore the areas of institutional support for the formation of brand-oriented economy of Ukraine, as well as on their basis to propose management decisions for further formation of a comprehensive system of state incentives for brand-oriented industries. Materials and methods. The methods of scientific research were used: analysis, synthesis, comparison, grouping, generalization, statistical methods of estimation of dynamics and structure. The information base contains scientific publications of domestic scientists (monographs, scientific periodicals), regulations of Ukraine. Results. The analysis of directions of institutional support of formation of brand-oriented economy of Ukraine is carried out. Based on the results of this study, a set of proposals was developed, in particular: introduction of simplified customs procedures for import for own use of production equipment that is not manufactured in Ukraine; creation on a voluntary basis at the expense of enterprises of funds to support export production; introduction of preferential lending for brand-oriented industries; creation of a system of specialized insurance companies; providing real assistance to industrial enterprises to save jobs through partial unemployment benefits, simplifying the mechanism for obtaining it; regulatory and legal support for confirmation of the fact of force majeure during the COVID-19 pandemic; creation of a system of protection of intellectual property rights, etc. Conclusion. In the conditions of the whole complex of factors that determine the state and prospects of the domestic national brand, there is a need for urgent steps to further form a holistic system of measures of state stimulation of brand-oriented industries. This, on the one hand, will contribute to the effective overcoming of existing problems and obstacles in their financial and economic activities, on the other hand, will maximize the positive changes in the economy and foreign economic policy of Ukraine in the interests of national brand development. These provisions require further research on the mechanism of institutional support for the formation of a brand-oriented economy of Ukraine, which will determine the European and international mechanisms of state regulation of brand-oriented industries. The active position of the state in these issues, along with the effective use of existing competitive advantages in the policy of promoting brand-oriented production, will allow Ukraine to form a decent competitive national brand to ensure the balance of mutual interests in order to consistently strengthen Ukraine’s geoeconomic position.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (523) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
R. V. Kobko ◽  

The article is aimed at defining the theoretical aspects of managing the economic security of the insurance services market of Ukraine, searching for ways to develop special practical recommendations to solve the outlined problem. In the context of transformational changes and globalization metamorphoses, the issue of ensuring a high level of economic security of the insurance services market in Ukraine is one of the priorities. The article discusses the risk factors influencing the provision of a high level of economic security of the insurance services market of Ukraine, analyzes the mechanisms for managing the economic security of the insurance services market. Particular attention is paid to the characterization of models of the State regulation of economic security of the insurance services market of the countries of the world, which helps to form the main emphasis on the state of development of the insurance services market of Ukraine. The practice of developed countries of the world indicates the inadmissibility of such a mechanism for ensuring economic balance as insurance premiums, and the need to focus on the formation of insurance reserves. Based on the practice of the developed countries of the world, it is advisable to summarize the mechanisms for ensuring the economic security of the insurance services market as a single system, monitoring of which will ensure systematic economic development, quick managerial decisions in transformational conditions and attraction of investment funds for long-term strategic planning. In addition, the article draws a parallel between ensuring a high level of economic security of the insurance services market and the development of the Ukrainian economy in the context of a rapid change in external influence factors, involving priority mechanisms for ensuring the long-term investment development of the country. The main directions of improvement of the State regulation of economic security of insurance services market are proposed.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Viktor Koval

Introduction. In the conditions of dependence on the imported energy resources there is a problem of ensuring stability of the energy industry with counteraction to changes of the ambient and a possibility of reacting to actions for providing competitive positions and advantages of the state. A number of problems in energy industry need a support of necessary level of the energy security on the basis of providing own extraction with volume reduction of imported energy resources, increasing of the national products’ competitiveness in the world markets, development of innovations and investments into energy efficient technologies. In such conditions, it’s important to apply actions for ensuring economic security of the energy sector through the creating of an efficient program for the protection of the national interests in the energy sector, which will contribute to the national economy development. Aim and tasks. The purpose of article is a researching of energy security and developing actions for state regulation of energy security. Research results. The article outlines the priority directions of the state policy on ensuring the energy sector development which are identified as a main risks and adverse factors of influence on functioning of energy industry of Ukraine. And the necessity of energy security systems formation at the state level is grounded. The perspective increasing directions of energy security are the establishment of more adapted to transformations system of state regulation with market self-regulation elements. The state regulation of energy security in conditions of high level internationalization of national economy should be aimed at the harmonization of its technological and institutional aspects which influence the development and implementation of energy technologies and projects related to renewable energy sources. The state regulation requires further active development of institutional conditions for use of alternative energy resources and energy saving based on renewable energy. Conclusion. To provide energy security it is necessary to improve the complex program of its development which will involve wide use of state regulation methods as well as public-private partnership development so the support of the implementation of investment projects will be provided. The important aspect in development of energy engineering is ensuring its economic security which will allow to level possible threats of the industry and to provide requirements of fuel and energy complex and industry for a long term. Energy security should be directed towards increasing energy efficiency which will promote reducing imports and depending on the supply of energy resources by other countries. State regulation of energy security should ensure the rational use of the energy sector potential and stable functioning of the energetic supply system which includes: implementation of energy efficiency and energy saving policies; increase of investment in energy engineering; reduction of environmental impact and emissions.


Author(s):  
O. Kostyuchenko ◽  
M. Stefanchuk ◽  
D. Korobtsova ◽  
O. Soniuk

Abstract. The authors of the article have studied the problem of managing non-performing loans within loan portfolios. It has been substantiated that Ukraine as a developing country is in such socio-economic conditions of development that increase credit risks for banks. Numerous studies of the determinants for the formation of loans portfolios in countries with different levels of economic development demonstrate that developing countries are prone to negative consequences that lead to insolvency of debtors in case of a drop in the GDP, inflation, legal uncertainty, political crises, etc. The lack of long-term experience of banks in solving problems of increasing the share of non-performing loans in banks’ portfolios demonstrates that minimization of such assets requires regulation at the level of the banking system, but not a separate bank. Based on statistical data, it has been demonstrated that the minimization of problem loans of banks gained significant positive dynamics only after the National Bank of Ukraine regulated the process of managing distressed assets by adopting a regulatory act. Detailing the process of legal regulation of managing distressed assets allowed banks to structure and organize the work of their divisions in accordance with the normatively defined life cycle of distressed asset in such a way that all measures taken by them affect the efficiency of their work. Using permits, prohibitions and obligations as legal means of regulating relations between banks and their debtors, those relations have become predictable, allowing banks to control the process of managing non-performing loans and make timely decisions on the use of tools to minimize the share of distressed assets of the bank. The wide choice and consistency of applying financial and legal instruments in the process of managing non-performing loans allows banks to maximize the contractual settlement of debt and address to the competent authorities for the application of state coercion to debtors. Direct prohibitions, which are provided in the procedure of writing-off impaired assets, prevent corruption manifestations in this process. However, the authors have argued that the practice of 2008—2019 in terms of managing non-performing loans of banks demonstrated that the effectiveness of this process directly depends on government regulation. If the economic preconditions for the formation of problem loans depend on various factors of objective and subjective nature, then the management of non-performing loans directly depends on the existing legal models in the state for solving this problem. The autonomy of banks and their right to independently determine their strategies for managing distressed assets does not provide the desired efficiency without the imperative intervention of the central bank. Thus, the state regulation of the life cycle of distressed assets has demonstrated its effectiveness, and thus confirmed the need for regulatory influence on the processes of minimizing non-performing loans in Ukrainian banks. Keywords: non-performing loans, distressed assets, agreement-based regulation, state influence, state coercion, legal regulation. GEL Classification G18, G21, G34, K12, K42 Formulas: 0; fig.: 2; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 12.


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