Effects of Sex and Age on Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol in Nondiabetic Subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (05) ◽  
pp. 288-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ouchi ◽  
K. Oba ◽  
H. Yamashita ◽  
M. Okazaki ◽  
M. Tsunoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Urinary Glucose

AbstractThe aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects of sex and age on serum levels of 1,5-AG in nondiabetic subjects.A total of 1 134 nondiabetic subjects aged 16–96 years with HbA1c less than 6.8% were recruited and divided into 4 HbA1c groups (Q1: HbA1c≤5.3; Q2: 5.4–5.8; Q3: 5.9–6.3; and Q4: 6.4–6.8 [%]). 38 elderly subjects (65 years or older) in the Q3 and Q4 groups (13 men and 25 women) underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).The Q4 group had significantly lower 1,5-AG levels than did the Q1 group among nonelderly males, nonelderly females, and elderly men. In elderly women, 1,5-AG levels did not differ among the 4 HbA1c groups. In both nonelderly and elderly subjects, the 1,5-AG level of the Q1 group was significantly higher in males than in females. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that age was significantly associated with 1,5-AG level in both sexes. HbA1c was significantly associated with the 1,5-AG level in males, while there was no significant association between HbA1c and the 1,5-AG level in females. In the elderly OGTT group, although the glucose levels of both sexes during OGTT were identical, the mean urinary glucose levels and the percentages of subjects with glucosuria were significantly higher in elderly men than in elderly women.Serum 1,5-AG levels were significantly associated with age and sex. The sensitivity of the 1,5-AG level for identifying postprandial hyperglycemia in elderly women with near-normoglycemia is less reliable because they have a higher renal threshold for glucose.

Ageing and the sensitivity of the adrenal gland to physiological doses of ACTH in man

1990 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Roberts ◽  
R. N. Barton ◽  
M. A. Horan
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Acth Secretion ◽  
Cortisol Responses

ABSTRACT Healthy men and women aged 19–38 or 67–83, in whom endogenous ACTH secretion was suppressed with dexamethasone, were given successive injections of 60 ng, 150 ng and 250 μg ACTH(1–24) at hourly intervals, and blood samples for measurement of plasma cortisol were taken every 10 min. The response to each injection was taken as the increase in cortisol concentration 20 min later, when there was a peak with the lower doses, with allowance for disappearance of cortisol produced after the previous injection. On average, the responses to 60 and 150 ng ACTH were about 0·4 and 0·7 respectively of the response to 250 μg. There were no consistent effects of age or sex on any index of adrenocortical sensitivity or responsiveness, but some groups showed isolated differences from both their age- and sex-matched counterparts: the response to 60 ng ACTH was low in young men, maximal responsiveness was low in elderly men and the slope of the dose–response curve was high in elderly women. In most of the elderly subjects, plasma ACTH was determined separately under normal conditions. It was negatively correlated with the cortisol responses to 60 and 150 ng ACTH, suggesting that differences in adrenal sensitivity between subjects contribute to the variability of plasma ACTH. Journal of Endocrinology (1990) 126, 507–513

THE EFFECT OF THE PROGESTOGEN ETHYNODIOL DIACETATE ON GLUCOSE, INSULIN, AND GROWTH HORMONE AFTER SIX MONTHS TREATMENT

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Spellacy ◽  
W. C. Buhi ◽  
S. A. Birk
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Ethynodiol Diacetate ◽  
Tolerance Curve

ABSTRACT Seventy-one women were treated with a daily dose of 0.25 mg of the progestogen ethynodiol diacetate. They were all tested with a three-hour oral glucose tolerance test before beginning the steroid and then again during the sixth month of use. Measurements were made of blood glucose and plasma insulin and growth hormone levels. There was a significant elevation of the blood glucose levels after steroid treatment as well as a deterioration in the tolerance curve in 12.9% of the women. The plasma insulin values were also elevated after drug treatment whereas the fasting ambulatory growth hormone levels did not significantly change. There was a significant association between the changes in glucose and insulin levels and the subject's age, control weight, or weight gain during treatment. The importance of considering the metabolic effects of the progestogen component of oral contraceptives is stressed.

Antidiabetic Effect of Aqueous Corrigiola telephiifolia in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morad Hebi ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Background: Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr, is a perennial species, woody distributed throughout the north of Africa. This plant is used in traditional Mediterranean preparations and has many traditional uses especially treatment of diabetes. Aim/Methods: The current research was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Aerial Parts of Aqueous Extract (APAE) of Corrigiola telephiifolia (C. telephiifolia) on both normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats treated at a dose of 5 mg/kg for fifteen days. Additionally, the histopathological changes in the liver, morphometric analysis, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) in normal rats and preliminary phytochemical screening for various components were realized. Results: Single oral administration of the APAE of C. telephiifolia (5mg/kg) showed no significant change in glycaemia of normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats. In contrast, repeated oral administration of C. telephiifolia reduced blood glucose levels from 4.11 ± 0.10 mmol/L to 3.16 ± 0.16 mmol/L (p<0.01) 15 days after administration in normal rats. Furthermore, blood glucose levels decreased from 17.84 ± 1.75mmol/L to 1.93 ± 0.33 mmol/L (p<0.0001) in STZ diabetic rats after fifteen days of treatment. According to the oral glucose tolerance test, C. telephiifolia (5 mg/kg) was shown to prevent significantly the increase in blood glucose levels in normal treated rats 30 min after glucose administration when compared to the control group. Also, the liver architecture of diabetic rats treated by C. telephiifolia was improved when compared with the liver architecture of untreated diabetic rats. Concerning the preliminary phytochemical screening of C. telephiifolia, several compounds have been found such as polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, mucilage and terpenoids. Conclusion: The results show that the aqueous extract of C. telephiifolia possesses significant antihyperglycemic activity.

scholarly journals Parameters of Glucose Homeostasis in the Recognition of the Metabolic Syndrome in Young Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 5635
Author(s):  
Graziano Grugni ◽  
Antonio Fanolla ◽  
Fiorenzo Lupi ◽  
Silvia Longhi ◽  
Antonella Saezza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Insulinogenic Index ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Threshold ◽  
Age Related

To verify the accuracy of different indices of glucose homeostasis in recognizing the metabolic syndrome in a group of adult patients with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), 102 PWS patients (53 females/49 males), age ±SD 26.9 ± 7.6 yrs, Body Mass Index (BMI) 35.7 ± 10.7, were studied. The following indices were assessed in each subject during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): 1 h (>155 mg/dL) and 2 h (140–199 mg/dL) glucose levels, the oral disposition index (ODI), the insulinogenic index (IGI), the insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were evaluated at baseline, 1 h and 2 h. Although minor differences among indices were found, according to the ROC analysis, no index performed better in recognizing MetS. Furthermore, the diagnostic threshold levels changed over the years and therefore the age-related thresholds were calculated. The easily calculated HOMA-IR at baseline may be used to accurately diagnose MetS, thus avoiding more complicated procedures.

scholarly journals LITERATURE REVIEW MANFAAT SENAM LANSIA TERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP LANSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Sri Puzzy Handayani ◽  
Rina Puspita Sari ◽  
Wibisono Wibisono
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Minimum Duration ◽  
Improve Sleep Quality

ABSTRACTIntroduction: 52.31% of the number of health complaints in elderly women is higher than the percentage of elderly men is 49, 74%. Changes that occur in the elderly tend to decrease in physical, psychological, psychosocial systems. This requires an action activity that can reach all aspects of the decline that is by doing elderly gymnastics. The purpose of this research to identify the benefits of elderly exercise on the quality of life of the elderly. Research methods by using literature review as a guide to search for research articles obtained from the internet using the Science Direct site, and Google Scholar. The results analysis of 10 selected research articles shows that elderly exercise can have several benefits, namely: physical benefits can improve physical fitness, body balance, breathing, and decreased blood pressure in elderly hypertension. Psychological benefits can improve sleep quality, decrease insomnia levels, decrease depression levels, reduce stress levels, and manage pain. Social and environmental benefits. Elderly exercise 3 times a week with a minimum duration of 30 minutes and a maximum of 40 minutes with a time of> 4 weeks will be more effective in getting many benefits.

scholarly journals The effects of natural nano-sized clinoptilolite and Nigella sativa supplementation on serum bone markers in diabetic rats

Bioimpacts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Yalda Salari Lak ◽  
Sirous Khorram ◽  
Mehran Mesgari Abbasi ◽  
Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi ◽  
Ali Tarighat-Esfanjani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Markers ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Introduction: Many studies confirm that diabetes mellitus is associated with higher risks of bone fracture. The beneficial effects of Nigella sativa (NS) and clinoptilolite in preventing/reducing some diabetes-related disorders have been shown. This study was conducted to examine the effects of separate and concurrent supplementation of natural nano-sized clinoptilolite (NCLN) and NS on serum bone markers in rats with type 2 diabetes. Methods: A total of 42 (case=36 and control=6) adult male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups: diabetic and non-diabetic. An oral glucose tolerance test and a homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) test were conducted to confirm diabetes. Then, the diabetic group was divided into 4 subgroups: [1] control (n=9), [2] NS 1%/food (n=9), [3] NCLN 2%/food (n=9), [4] NS 1%/food + NCLN 2%/food (n=9). After 7 weeks, serum levels of bone markers were determined using ELISA kits. Results: Analysis showed that serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the NCLN group (1318.6 ± 217.5 U/L) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than other intervented groups. On the other hand, serum levels of calcium in NCLN+NS group (10.8 ± 2.6 mg/dL) were higher (P=0.027) compared to all other study groups. However, rats in the NS group had higher (535.8 ± 49.3 pg/mL) PTH (P<0.0001) compared to other supplementation groups. There were no significant differences in vitamin D and osteoprotegerin. Conclusion: The results of the current study suggest that bone mineralization may be affected by concurrent use of NS and NCLN through influencing calcium circulation. Moreover, dietary NS administration is strongly related to an augmented level of PTH.

scholarly journals A Nutraceutical Combination of Cinnamon, Purple Onion, and Tea Linked with Key Enzymes on Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lebin Weng ◽  
Ting-Hsu Chen ◽  
Liyue Huang ◽  
Dong Lai ◽  
Yaw-Syan Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Maximal Response ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Tea Extract

Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is concomitant with significant morbidity and mortality and its prevalence is accumulative worldwide. The conventional antidiabetic agents are known to mitigate the symptoms of diabetes; however, they may also cause adverse effects. This study explores the efficacy of polyherbal dietary supplement cinnamon, purple onion, and tea on the mediation of postprandial hyperglycemia for in the search of combinations with a maximal response. Materials and methods: A starch solution (3 g/kg Bwt) of oral starch tolerance test (OSTT) and glucose solution (4 g/kg Bwt) of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with and without cinnamon, purple onion, tea extract (15 mg/kg Bwt), and mixture (each 5 mg/kg Bwt, 1:1:1), metformin (14 mg/kg Bwt), or acarbose (50 mg/kg Bwt) was administered to high fat plus high fructose-induced diabetic mice after an overnight fast. Postprandial plasma glucose levels were measured and incremental areas under the response curve were calculated. Results: Compared with acarbose, the mixture of extracts (purple onion, cinnamon, and tea) indicated decreasing blood glucose in OSTT. In OGTT, the mixture of extracts showed greater efficacy for hypoglycemia when compared with metformin. The molecular docking of α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, and AMPK confirmed the putatively acting molecules from the extracts of purple onion, cinnamon, and tea. Conclusions: Overall, this investigation evidenced a beneficial mediation for the progression of lowering blood glucose with a combinatory extract of cinnamon, dietary onion, and tea, implicating their prospective as nutraceuticals that might ameliorate hyperglycemia in diabetes.

scholarly journals Gestational diabetes and fetal outcome: a study in a tertiary care centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4458
Author(s):  
V. G. Vanamala
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The People ◽  
Urine Examination

Background: Due to urbanization and sedentary lifestyle, dietary changes, and increased obesity of the people, the incidence of GDM is steadily on the rise. It is associated with severe morbidity to the mother and the child. It is therefore imperative that an early diagnosis needs to be done so that appropriate treatment can be given.Methods: 1654 women who were included in the study were in their 24 – 28 weeks of gestation. A standardized questionnaire was formatted and details regarding the age, weight, body mass index (BMI), parity, previous medical and obstetrics history and familial history of diabetes, tests for glucose levels, complete blood picture, routine urine examination. Oral glucose tolerance test was done for all the patients after fasting overnight.Results: 87 (5.3%) of them were positive for OGTT and were considered to have Gestational Diabetes mellitus. 67.8% of the patients were in the 25-30 age group. 41.4% were pregnant for the first time and 58.6% were multi gravid. The majority of the patients had a BMI between 26-30. Most of the babies had a birth weight of above 3kgs. Out of them, 39 (44.8%) had a birth weight between 3.1-3.5kgs. <2kgs were seen in 7 (8.0%) patients.Conclusions: GDM complicates pregnancy and results in higher frequency of adverse effects in the mother and new born. Thereby, early detection can result in prompt treatment and lowering the morbidity of the fetal outcomes.

scholarly journals Preliminary phytochemical screening and evaluation of hypoglycemic properties of the root extract of Uveria chamae

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emordi Jonathan Emeka ◽  
Agbaje Esther Oluwatoyin ◽  
Oreagba Ibrahim Adekunle ◽  
Iribhogbe Osede Ignis
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

<p>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the hypoglycaemic properties and preliminary phytochemical screening of <em>Uveria chamae</em>. The hypoglycaemic properties of <em>Uveria chamae</em> was assessed on normoglycaemic rat that received single dose of the extract at 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight and blood glucose levels estimated at 2, 4, and 6 hours (single dose study). The hypoglycaemic property of the extract was also evaluated in normoglycemic rats by oral glucose tolerance test. Phytochemical screening of the extract for the presence of secondary metabolites was performed with standard methods. The extract showed a significant (p&lt;0.05) reduction in blood glucose levels at 2h and 6h compared to control.  The oral glucose tolerance test  result also showed a significant decrease (p&lt;0.05) in blood glucose levels . The study showed that the extract, <em>Uveria chamae</em> has hypoglycaemic properties which may be accounted for by the presence of the phytochemicals.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Association between Socioeconomic Status, Physical Health and Need for Long-term Care among the Chinese Elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanlei Kong ◽  
Lingzhong Xu ◽  
Mei Kong ◽  
Shixue Li ◽  
Chengchao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Chinese Elderly ◽  
Men And Women

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), physical health and the need for long-term care (NLTC) of the Chinese elderly, and further, to provide evidence-based advice for establishing an LTC system in China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shandong Province, China in 2017 by using multi-stage random sampling method. Data were collected from elderly individuals aged 60 years and older by self-designed questionnaires through face-to face interviews. A total of 7070 participants were finally included in the database (40.3% male, 59.7% female). Chi-square test analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted to clarify the association between SES, physical health and NLTC among the Chinese elderly men and women in Shandong Province. The results of the SEM analysis showed that physical health exerted a strong and negative effect on the NLTC for both genders, with a slightly stronger effect found among the elderly men. SES was found to be significantly and negatively related to the NLTC among the elderly women, while no statistical significance was found for the association between SES and NLTC for elderly men. A significant and positive association between SES and physical health was observed among the elderly men and women, with a slightly stronger effect among the elderly women. Implications for lowering the NLTC and developing an LTC system were addressed based on the findings above.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document