Short Runs for a Long Slide: Principalization in Complex Facial Restoration after Acid Attack Burn Injury

Burn injuries are responsible for a significant portion of surgically treatable morbidity throughout the world and particularly in underdeveloped and developing countries. Intentional flame, chemical, and contact burns are unfortunately a common mechanism of injury. It is estimated that intentional chemical burns are responsible for between 2 and 20% of burn injuries seen at burn centers in lower income countries. Women are commonly targeted and the perpetrators are often known to the victims. The combination of a high disease prevalence, limited surgical and anesthetic resources, a vulnerable patient population, and largely disfiguring, nonlethal injuries present unique challenges for the reconstructive surgeon who may not encounter such cases regularly. In this article, we present a case of a 16-year-old female who sustained severe, full-thickness burns to the face including eyelids, neck, abdomen, and upper extremities after an intentional acid attack. She began her treatment course with us approximately 1 year after the injury. The deformities of her oral and periorbital regions presented particularly difficult reconstructive problems, including impending visual loss. Using plastic surgical principalization, we provided our patient adequate restoration of facial form and function through numbers of interventions using fundamental and state-of-the-art techniques.

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Maintaining and Improving the Environmental Cleanliness in Semarang Municipality in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201912504003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 125 ◽

pp. 04003

Author(s):

Oktiva Herry Chandra

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

Point Of View ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Form And Function ◽

Similar Point ◽

The Face ◽

Observation Method ◽

And Function ◽

Participatory Observation

Language produced in a specific event of communication will have its form and function. Some messages are delivered in direct ways meaning the form and the functions are symmetric; some others are delivered in indirect ways, asymmetric. Direct or indirect ways will give different perceptions to those who receive the content of the message. Considering the face of receivers is one of the principles that should be made by policy makers as they communicate with people in public space. This article aims to explain the forms of language used to prohibit littering and the way the maker of prohibition thinks about the writing of littering. The research is conducted by using non-participatory observation method. This, then, is followed by applying note taking technique and recording. The result shows mostly the writings of littering prohibition are made an indirect way and less number in indirect way. Having a direct way means society is placed as subordinate in relation to the authorities. Even though less in number, indirect littering prohibition shows some writings see an equal position between the writer and reader. Both take a similar point of view on littering.

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ANALISIS BENTUK DAN FUNGSI REFERENSI PERSONAL DALAM NOVEL REMBULAN TENGGELAM DIWAJAHMU KARYA TERE LIYE

KONFIKS JURNAL BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA ◽

10.26618/jk.v2i1.403 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Muh Ali Imran ◽

Nur Resky Evawanti

Keyword(s):

The Novel ◽

Second Person ◽

Form And Function ◽

The Third ◽

The Face ◽

Research Procedure ◽

Third Person ◽

And Function ◽

The Third Person ◽

Planning Action

AbstractThe main problem in this research how to find out about the form and function of personal references in the novel Rembulan Tenggelam di Wajahmu in order to determine the differences contained in the novel especially those on personal references contained therein. This research was a literature review of research that contains one topic that contains some ideas or propositions related and must be supported by the data obtained from literature sources. This research procedure included planning, action and analysis. Subjects in this study was the novel of Rembulan Tenggelam di Wajahmu. The results showed that the observation of novel moon sinking in the face are analyzed on personal references indicate that there are a lot of words including personal references such as personal pronoun first (referring to himself), pronouns second person (referring to the speaker) , and the third person pronoun (which refers to the person in question). Based on these results above, it can be concluded that the words include references persona there are differences both in writing and in speech.Keywords: Novel, personal referencesAbstrakMasalah utama dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana mengetahui tentang bentuk dan fungsi referensi personal di dalam novel Rembulan Tenggelam di Wajahmu dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan yang terdapat di dalam novel tersebut terkhusus pada referensi personal yang terdapat di dalamnya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kajian pustaka yang berisi satu topik yang memuat beberapa gagasan atau proposisi yang berkaitan dan harus didukung oleh data yang diperoleh dari sumber pustaka. Prosedur penelitian ini meleputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, dan analisis. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah novel rembulan tenggelam di wajahmu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pengamatan terhadap novel rembulan tenggelam di wajahmu yang menganalisis tentang referensi personal menunjukkan bahwa terdapat banyak kata-kata yang termasuk referensi personal seperti pronomina persona pertama( yang mengacu pada diri sendiri), pronomina persona kedua (yang mengacu pada lawan bicara), dan pronomina persona ketiga (yang mengacu pada orang yang dibicarakan). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut diatas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kata-kata yang mencakup referensi persona terdapat perbedaan baik didalam penulisan maupun didalam tuturan. Kata kunci: Novel,referensi personal

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626 Causes and Injury Patterns of Elderly Burn Patients

Journal of Burn Care & Research ◽

10.1093/jbcr/iraa024.250 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S158-S159

Author(s):

Sam Miotke ◽

Kathleen S Romanowski ◽

Tina L Palmieri ◽

David G Greenhalgh ◽

Soman Sen

Keyword(s):

Burn Injury ◽

Body Part ◽

Hot Water ◽

Burn Injuries ◽

Targeted Prevention ◽

Age Group ◽

Injury Patterns ◽

Common Cause ◽

Gender And Age ◽

The Face

Abstract Introduction Older patients are a particularly vulnerable population with respect to burn injuries. The American Burn Association has invested resources in improving burn care and burn prevention within this age group, recognizing the difficulties in both the identification and subsequent modification of risk factors. The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) is maintained by the Consumer Product Safety Commission to surveil for injury trends and is populated with data from a representative group of approximately 100 emergency departments in the United States. This database could serve as a useful tool to evaluate burn injury patterns in elderly patients with an eye toward targeted prevention measures. Methods The NEISS was queried for patients aged 55 years and older with a diagnosis of scald, thermal, chemical, electrical, or unspecified burn injuries for the years 2008 - 2017. Each injury was classified by body part(s) burned, causative product, gender, and age group of patient (55–64, 65–74, 75–84, 85 and older). The ten most commonly burned sites as well as the ten most common causative products were determined for each gender and age group and in aggregate. Weighted estimates from the NEISS data were utilized to calculate injury numbers across the population. Results The most common etiology of burn injuries for all patients aged 55 and older was hot water. Men were most commonly injured by gasoline, a product which did not rank in the top ten for women in any age group. Additionally, within each age group, gasoline was among the top 4 products that was associated with burn injuries in men. Cookware was the second most common cause of burn injury among women aged 55 and older and was the sixth most common cause among men. For women, the combination of cookware and ranges/ovens was among the top 2 products associated with burn injury within each age group. The most commonly injured body part for all patients was the face. This held across most age and gender groupings except for women aged 75 to 84 (upper trunk), and women 85 and older (foot). Men were more likely to injure their hands than women. Conclusions The most common cause of burn injuries in older adults is hot water, and the most common body part affected is the face. Women are more likely to be injured by cookware and ranges/ovens. Men are more likely to be injured secondary to gasoline and are more likely to injure their hands. Applicability of Research to Practice NEISS data could be useful in the development of targeted prevention campaigns, such as focused education about the dangers of hot liquids, cooking, and accelerants.

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The Organization and Operation of Inferior Temporal Cortex

Annual Review of Vision Science ◽

10.1146/annurev-vision-091517-034202 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 381-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Bevil R. Conway

Keyword(s):

Scene Perception ◽

Temporal Cortex ◽

Spatial Relationship ◽

Inferior Temporal Cortex ◽

Future Research ◽

Functional Responses ◽

Form And Function ◽

High Acuity ◽

The Face ◽

And Function

Inferior temporal cortex (IT) is a key part of the ventral visual pathway implicated in object, face, and scene perception. But how does IT work? Here, I describe an organizational scheme that marries form and function and provides a framework for future research. The scheme consists of a series of stages arranged along the posterior-anterior axis of IT, defined by anatomical connections and functional responses. Each stage comprises a complement of subregions that have a systematic spatial relationship. The organization of each stage is governed by an eccentricity template, and corresponding eccentricity representations across stages are interconnected. Foveal representations take on a role in high-acuity object vision (including face recognition); intermediate representations compute other aspects of object vision such as behavioral valence (using color and surface cues); and peripheral representations encode information about scenes. This multistage, parallel-processing model invokes an innately determined organization refined by visual experience that is consistent with principles of cortical development. The model is also consistent with principles of evolution, which suggest that visual cortex expanded through replication of retinotopic areas. Finally, the model predicts that the most extensively studied network within IT—the face patches—is not unique but rather one manifestation of a canonical set of operations that reveal general principles of how IT works.

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A Framework for Considering Climate Change Impacts in Project Selection for Deepwater Horizon Restoration Efforts

Wetlands ◽

10.1007/s13157-019-01226-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 893-899

Author(s):

Bethany Carl Kraft ◽

Raelene Crandall

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Oil Spill ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Deepwater Horizon ◽

Project Planning ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Gulf Region ◽

Form And Function ◽

The Face ◽

And Function

Abstract The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill resulted in extensive damage to the northern Gulf of Mexico ecosystem. Resulting fines and penalties have triggered one of the largest ecological restoration efforts in U.S. history. Nearly $20 Billion in funding from oil spill-related claims and settlements will be available in the coming years for environmental restoration and economic recovery. At the same time, climate change is also impacting ecosystem form and function in the Gulf region, which could undermine the long-term sustainability of projects by limiting their useful life or impeding anticipated benefits over time (e.g., ecosystem services, flood protection). These challenges can be considered and addressed in project planning, selection and adaptive management phases of restoration. If decision-makers do not consider the longevity of projects in the face of climate-related stressors, in 30 to 50 years there could be very little to show for a $20 Billion investment, with the Gulf ecosystem still in need of extensive restoration but without the monetary resources to accomplish restoration goals and mitigate climate-related impacts. This paper provides a framework for decision makers to consider how to incorporate climate change considerations for wetland restoration activities related to the DWH spill.

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The Limits to Adaptation in Restored Ecosystems and How Management Can Help Overcome Them

Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden ◽

10.3417/2019430 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (3) ◽

pp. 441-454 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jennifer A. Lau ◽

Susan M. Magnoli ◽

Chad R. Zirbel ◽

Lars A. Brudvig

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Prescribed Fire ◽

Site Selection ◽

Small Population ◽

Form And Function ◽

Interacting Species ◽

Trade Offs ◽

The Face ◽

Restored Prairie ◽

And Function

Adaptation drives the diversity of form and function observed in nature and is key to population persistence. Yet, adaptation can be limited by a lack of genetic variation, trade-offs, small population size, and constraints imposed by coevolving interacting species. These limits may be particularly important to the colonizing populations in restored ecosystems, such as native prairies restored through seed sowing. Here, we discuss how constraints to adaptation are likely to play out in restored prairie ecosystems and how management decisions, such as seed mix composition, prescribed fire, and strategic site selection, might be used to overcome some of these constraints. Although data are still limited, recent work suggests that restored prairie populations likely face strong selection and that promoting the potential for adaptation in these systems may be necessary for restoring populations both now and in the face of further global change.

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Sovereign Wealth Funds

10.23943/princeton/9780691142296.001.0001 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Gordon L. Clark ◽

Adam D. Dixon ◽

Ashby H.B. Monk

Keyword(s):

International Relations ◽

Financial Markets ◽

First Century ◽

Investment Management ◽

Sovereign Wealth Funds ◽

Form And Function ◽

Small Countries ◽

The Face ◽

Gulf States ◽

And Function

The worldwide rise of sovereign wealth funds is emblematic of the ongoing transformation of nation-state economic prospects. This book maps the global footprints of these financial institutions, examining their governance and investment management, and issues of domestic and international legitimacy. Through a variety of case studies—from the China Investment Corporation to the funds of several Gulf states—the book shows that the forces propelling the adoption and development of sovereign wealth funds vary by country. The book also shows that many of these investment institutions have identifiable commonalities of form and function that match the core institutions of Western financial markets. The book suggests that the international legitimacy of sovereign wealth funds is based on the degree to which their design and governance match Western expectations about investment management. Undercutting commonplace assumptions about the emerging world of the twenty-first century, the book demonstrates that even small countries with large and globally oriented sovereign wealth funds are likely to play a significant role in international relations. This book considers how such financial organizations have altered not only the face of finance, but also the international geopolitical landscape.

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Regenerative Approaches and Future Trends for the Treatment of Corneal Burn Injuries

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10020317 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 317

Author(s):

Gabriele Saccu ◽

Valeria Menchise ◽

Cristina Giordano ◽

Daniela Delli Castelli ◽

Walter Dastrù ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Ocular Surface ◽

Burn Injury ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Burn Injuries ◽

Ocular Tissue ◽

Epithelial Stem Cells ◽

Surface Anatomy ◽

Corneal Regeneration ◽

And Function

Ocular chemical and thermal burns are frequent causes of hospitalization and require immediate interventions and care. Various surgical and pharmacological treatment strategies are employed according to damage severity. Controlling inflammation and neovascularization while promoting normal ocular surface anatomy and function restoration is the principal aim. In the most severe cases, when epithelial healing is severely affected, reconstruction of the ocular surface may be a valid option, which, however, requires expertise, adequate instruments, and qualified donors. Numerous endogenous and exogenous strategies have been considered for corneal repair. Among these, stem cells and their derivatives have offered numerous attractive possibilities in finding an effective way in stimulating corneal regeneration. Limbal epithelial stem cells and mesenchymal cells from the ocular tissue as well as from various sources have demonstrated their effectiveness in dampening neovascularization, scarring, and inflammation, while promoting epithelialization of the injured cornea. Moreover, a plethora of cytokines and growth factors, and extracellular vesicles, which constitute the secretome of these cells, work in concert to enhance wound healing. In this review, we provide an update on the recent potential therapeutic avenues and clinical applications of stem cells and their products in corneal regeneration after burn injury, as well as current imaging strategies for monitoring therapeutic efficacy and damage resolution.

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Shine on: Review of Laser- and Light-Based Therapies for the Treatment of Burn Scars

Dermatology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2012/243651 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

C. Scott Hultman ◽

Renee E. Edkins ◽

Clara N. Lee ◽

Catherine T. Calvert ◽

Bruce A. Cairns

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Daily Living ◽

Lower Cost ◽

Burn Injury ◽

Hypertrophic Scars ◽

Pulsed Light ◽

Burn Scar ◽

Form And Function ◽

And Function ◽

Reconstructive Algorithm

Restoration of form and function after burn injury remains challenging, but emerging laser and pulsed light technologies now offer hope for patients with hypertrophic scars, which may be associated with persistent hyperemia, chronic folliculitis, intense pruritis, and neuropathic pain. In addition to impairing body image, these scars may limit functional recovery, compromise activities of daily living, and prevent return to work. Three different platforms are now poised to alter our reconstructive algorithm: (1) vascular-specific pulsed dye laser (PDL) to reduce hyperemia, (2) ablative fractional CO2laser to improve texture and pliability of the burn scar, and (3) intense pulsed light (IPL) to correct burn scar dyschromia and alleviate chronic folliculitis. In this paper, we will provide an overview of our work in this area, which includes a systematic review, a retrospective analysis of our preliminary experience, and interim data from our on-going, prospective, before-after cohort trial. We will demonstrate that laser- and light-based therapies can be combined with each other safely to yield superior results, often at lower cost, by reducing the need for reconstructive surgery. Modulating the burn scar, through minimally invasive modalities, may replace conventional methods of burn scar excision and yield outcomes not previously possible or conceivable.

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Application of keratoxenoimplant in the cases of experimental chemical burn of the cornea associated with hypothyroidism

Medical and Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.11603/mcch.2410-681x.2015.v17.i3.5043 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Z. L. Savchuk ◽

I. M. Klishch

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Filter Paper ◽

Burn Injury ◽

Burn Injuries ◽

Chemical Burn ◽

Antioxidant Protection ◽

Chemical Burns ◽

Atraumatic Needle ◽

Rapid Restoration ◽

Nonspecific Factors

The article analyzes the efficacy of keratoimplant of pigs in rabbits with corneal chemical burns with underlying merkazolil-induced hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism in rabbits was caused by injection of merkazolil at a dose of 10 mg/kg during 60 days. Chemical burn of the cornea was simulated by applications on the cornea of experimental animals filter paper of 5 mm in diameter soaked in a solution of 1 N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) during 30 seconds. With the purpose of surgical correction the place of burn injuries was covered with keratoxenoimplant which was sewn in 4 places (after 12, 15, 18 and 21 hours) to the sclera through the conjunctiva with the help of atraumatic needle 8/0 nylon. It was established that corneal burn injury in rabbits with hypothyroidism ran against the background of oppression of nonspecific factors of protection, more expressive growth of endogenous intoxication, depression of antioxidant protection as compared to euthyroid animals with simulated chemical burn of the cornea. Application of keratoxenoimplant contributed to the normalization of the studied parameters and faster healing of burn wounds. It was concluded that the application of keratoxenoimplant under conditions of chemical burn of the cornea positively affected the course of the burn process and promoted more rapid restoration of the integrity of the cornea.

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