Opioid Use Disorder during Antepartum and Postpartum Hospitalizations

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (14) ◽  
pp. 1467-1475
Author(s):  
Adina R. Kern-Goldberger ◽  
Yongmei Huang ◽  
Melanie Polin ◽  
Zainab Siddiq ◽  
Jason D. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Dependence ◽  
Nationwide Inpatient Sample ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Objective This study aimed to evaluate temporal trends in opioid use disorder (OUD) during antepartum and postpartum hospitalizations. Study Design This repeated cross-sectional analysis analyzed data from the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample. Women aged 15 to 54 years admitted antepartum or postpartum were identified. The presence of OUD was determined based on a diagnosis of opioid abuse, opioid dependence, or opioid overdose. Temporal trends in OUD were evaluated using the Rao–Scott chi-square test. Temporal trends in opioid overdose were additionally evaluated. Results An estimated 7,336,562 antepartum hospitalizations and 1,063,845 postpartum readmissions were included in this analysis. The presence of an OUD diagnosis during antepartum hospitalizations increased from 0.7% of patients in 1998 to 1999 to 2.9% in 2014 (p < 0.01) and during postpartum hospitalizations increased from 0.8% of patients in 1998 to 1999 to 2.1% of patients in 2014 (p < 0.01). Risk of overdose diagnoses increased significantly for both antepartum hospitalizations, from 22.7 per 100,000 hospitalizations in 1998 to 2000 to 70.3 per 100,000 hospitalizations in 2013 to 2014 (p < 0.001), and postpartum hospitalizations, from 18.8 per 100,000 hospitalizations in 1998 to 2000 to 65.2 per 100,000 hospitalizations in 2013 to 2014 (p = 0.02). Discussion Risk of OUD diagnoses and overdoses increased over the study period for both antepartum and postpartum hospitalizations.

A Cross Sectional Analysis of Tourism Development and Social Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 487
Author(s):  
Tauseef AMAN ◽  
Mussawar SHAH ◽  
Humera JAMAL ◽  
Younas KHAN ◽  
Muhammad ARIF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

The major objective of this study was to measure the association between various interventions and Chitral Gole National Park (CGNP) role in preservation of bio-diversity and socio-economic uplift. A sample size of 346 respondents was randomly selected from total population of 3326 from the 4 selected villages on the basis of close proximity. A conceptual framework including dependent variable social development and independent variable tourism development were taken. The data were analyzed through frequency and percentage distribution. Moreover, Chi-square test was applied to know the relationship between dependent and independent variables at bi-variate level. In bi-variate analysis a highly significant (P=0.000) relation was found between CGNP is main source of promoting tourism in Chitral,tourists do any impacts upon local community in terms of increased business activities, local culture is safeguarded despite influx of tourists in the area, tourism produced employment opportunities, and social development. Qualitative data supported the empirical findings, however tourism brings economic opportunities at micro and macro level, but unfortunately CGNP is not as satisfactory regarding generating income since its establishment. The government should ensure to make such polices pertaining to the entrance fee, provides accommodation services on payment to the tourists and to reserve the entrance fee or any other form of taxes to ensure CGNP to spend on self-sustaining basis by ensuring refinement in the procedures as well.

scholarly journals Pregabalin use in HIV-infected patients with opioid dependence syndrome

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ya. Kissin ◽  
N. B. Khalezova ◽  
E. A. Gibitova ◽  
A. V. Tarnorutskaya ◽  
A. N. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Dependence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Toxic Exposure ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Control

Te purpose of the current study was to identify an abuse potential of pregabalin in HIVinfected patients with opioid use disorder long time using pregabaline. A cross-sectional study was performed at the St. Petersburg Center for the prevention and control of HIV and infectious diseases. A cohort of 572 HIV-infected patients with opioid use disorder was examined. 96 patients (16,8% of the entire cohort) used pregabalin. 34 of them agreed to participate in the study. Te pregabalin addiction was diagnosed in 23 of 34 observed HIV-infected patients with opioid dependence. People with opioid dependence and presence of organic brain damage of various genesis (toxic exposure, neurological consequences of trauma or infection) are at risk of development of pregabalin dependence. Te use of pregabalin with for self-medication of opiod withdrawal was registered in 11 patients.

scholarly journals Convergence of case-specific epigenetic alterations identify a confluence of genetic vulnerabilities tied to opioid dependence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Corradin ◽  
Richard Sallari ◽  
An T. Hoang ◽  
Bibi S Kassim ◽  
Gabriella Ben Hutta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Opioid Dependence ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Prefrontal Cortical ◽  
Patient Heterogeneity ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Opioid dependence is a highly heterogeneous disease driven by a variety of genetic and environmental risk factors which have yet to be fully elucidated. We interrogated the effects of opioid dependence on the brain using ChIP-seq to quantify patterns of H3K27 acetylation in dorsolateral prefrontal cortical neurons isolated from 51 opioid-overdose cases and 51 accidental death controls. Among opioid cases, we observed global hypoacetylation and identified 388 putative enhancers consistently depleted for H3K27ac. Machine learning on H3K27ac patterns predicts case-control status with high accuracy. We focus on case-specific regulatory alterations, revealing 81,399 hypoacetylation events, uncovering vast inter-patient heterogeneity. We developed a strategy to decode this heterogeneity based on convergence analysis, which leveraged promoter-capture Hi-C to identify five genes over-burdened by alterations in their regulatory network or "plexus": ASTN2, KCNMA1, DUSP4, GABBR2, ENOX1. These convergent loci are enriched for opioid use disorder risk genes and heritability for generalized anxiety, number of sexual partners, and years of education. Overall, our multi-pronged approach uncovers neurobiological aspects of opioid dependence and captures genetic and environmental factors perpetuating the opioid epidemic.

scholarly journals Assessment of Perception of Palliative Care among the Patients of Palliative Therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
Saba Khan ◽  
Nikhil Dhande
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Palliative Therapy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Jawaharlal Nehru

Background: The assessment of the good health and well-being of palliative care patients is summarised in this protocol analysis. It will bring about the financial and physical wellbeing of patients. The standard of life of patients and their families has been reviewed. Methods: It is a cross-sectional analysis involving selected villages in the Wardha district. A sample of 95 participants will be taken from Wardha Palliative Care. Patients will be randomly allocated to the survey by the Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College of Wardha District Department of Community Medicine. A pre-designed multidimensional survey questionnaire will be prepared and pre-tested for quantitative data collection . The pro forma used to gather the data will include their current disease and disease management and will integrate the psychosocial and moral elements of hospital care. The motive of this research is to understand the interpretation of palliative care in the lives of affected patients. The goal of this study is to know the conception of a compromised patient living. Results: Using descriptive and inferential statistics using the chi-square test, the result will be obtained by attributing the baseline and terminal consequences. Conclusion: The purpose of this research is to define the predictive, mediating and moderating functions of select variables: self-efficacy, disease, psychosocial, spiritual caregiver. The findings of this study will influence the interpretation of the resilience of patients with palliative care and will enhance functional outcomes for emotional, mental and spiritual health. This change in attitude would be beneficial to them in their lives. And the patient's quality of life will improve.

scholarly journals Community social vulnerability and access to medications for opioid use disorder within the continental US: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Joudrey ◽  
Marynia Kolak ◽  
Qinyun Lin ◽  
Susan Paykin ◽  
Vidal Anguiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Geographic Access ◽  
Preparedness Planning ◽  
Disaster Preparedness Planning

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic, like past natural disasters, was associated with significant disruptions in medications for opioid use disorder services and increased opioid overdose and mortality. We examined the association between community vulnerability to disasters and pandemics and geographic access to each of the three medications for opioid use disorder within the continental US and if this association was impacted by urban, suburban, or rural classification. We found communities with greater vulnerability did not have greater geographic access to medications for opioid use disorder and the mismatch between vulnerability and medication access was greatest in suburban communities. Rural communities had poor geographic access to all three medications regardless of vulnerability. Future disaster preparedness planning should include anticipation of access to medications for opioid use disorder and better match the location of services to communities with greater vulnerability to prevent inequities in opioid overdose deaths.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA KUALITAS BIDAN DALAM PELAYANAN ANTENATAL CARE TERHADAP PERSEPSI IBU HAMIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Citra Hadi Kurniati
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Parametric Statistics ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Midwives play an important role in the process of health care, especially antenatal care services (ANC). The quality of midwife services determines the success of the service process. The perception of pregnant women when they come for a pregnancy is related to their availability to return to Antenatal Care examination. This study aims to determine the quality of midwives in ANC services on the perception of pregnant women. This type of research uses observational analytic research, where researchers are directed to explain a situation or situation. The time approach used is cross sectional. Analysis was conducted to test the quality of midwives in providing ANC services to the perception of pregnant women. Analysis of the data in research with ordinal and scale variables is non-parametric statistics. Hypothesis testing using the Chi Square Test. The results showed that there was no relationship between the quality of midwives on perceptions of pregnant women with a p value of valeu> 0.05 with an X × count of 0.325. The conclusion of this study is that there is no relationship between the quality of midwives in providing ANC services to the perception of pregnant women

scholarly journals Perception of a New Prolonged-Release Buprenorphine Formulation in Patients with Opioid Use Disorder: The PREDEPO Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Francisco Salvador Pascual ◽  
Alvaro Muñoz ◽  
Rodrigo Oraa ◽  
Gerardo Flórez ◽  
Pilar Notario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Dependence ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Likert Scales ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Monthly Injection ◽  
The Mean

<b><i>Aim:</i></b> The aim of the study was to assess the acceptance of patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) to switching their opioid dependence treatment (ODT) for a prolonged-release buprenorphine (PRB) injection according to their prior ODT (buprenorphine/naloxone [B/N] or methadone). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was an observational, retrospective/cross-sectional, multicentre study of adult patients diagnosed with OUD on ODT. Data collected from diaries were analysed to know their interest and opinion on PRB. Questions with fixed response options were included, and several Likert scales were used. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 98 patients were enrolled (B/N: 50.0%, methadone: 50.0%). The mean age was 46.9 ± 8.43 years and 79.6% were males. PRB was similarly perceived by both groups in most variables analysed, receiving a mean score of 7.2/10 (B/N: 7.4, methadone: 7.0; <i>p</i> = 0.520), and approximately 65% of patients said they were willing to switch to PRB (B/N: 63.3%, methadone: 65.3%; <i>p</i> = 0.833). Of these, a higher percentage in the B/N group considered that switching would be easy/very easy (B/N: 90.3%, methadone: 46.9%; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) and that they would start PRB when available (B/N: 64.5%, methadone: 34.3%; <i>p</i> = 0.005). More than 90% would prefer the monthly injection (B/N: 93.6%, methadone: 100%; <i>p</i> = 0.514). One-third of patients in both groups were unsure/would not switch their ODT to PRB (B/N: 36.7%, methadone: 34.7%; <i>p</i> = 0.833). The main reason was administration by injection. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Two-thirds of patients would switch their treatment for PRB, and most patients on B/N considered that switching would be easy. PRB could be a suitable alternative for OUD management.

scholarly journals Causes of wound dehiscence in trauma patients with penetrating and non-penetrating abdominal wound in Rasool Akram Hospital within 2017-2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 156-160
Keyword(s):  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Two Stages

Introduction: Wound dehiscence is one of the serious complications of surgery that is associated with mortality and morbidity (about 45%); moreover, it increases medical costs. The present study assessed the incidence and predictors of wound dehiscence in trauma patients referred to Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on all trauma patients with penetrating or non-penetrating abdominal wounds referred to Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital within April 2017-March 2020. Patients were evaluated in two stages, three days after the surgery and one month later. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 19) using Fisherchr('39')s exact tests, independent t-test, Pearsonchr('39')s correlation coefficient, and chi-square test. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The present study included 154 patients with a mean age of 43.53±16.81(age range:16-91 years). Moreover, the majority of the cases were female (n=86; 55.8%). The wound of 20 (13%) patients did not heal. There was a significant relationship between male gender and wound dehiscence (P=0.013). The two groups did not differ in age, smoking, alcohol or opioid use, and the type of surgery. Nevertheless, wound dehiscence was significantly correlated with chemotherapy and the number of sessions. The number of hospitalization days was significantly higher in the group with wound dehiscence (P=0.001). Furthermore, wound dehiscence was closely correlated with low albumin, low hemoglobin, low hematocrit (leading to anemia), and high bilirubin (leading to jaundice). Conclusions: As evidenced by the obtained results, wound dehiscence was significantly correlated with gender, low albumin, low hemoglobin, low hematocrit, bilirubin elevation, steroid usage, and chemotherapy history

scholarly journals GNK-PIMS Score: A Predictive Model for Success of External Cephalic Version

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Nasira Tasnim ◽  
Ghazala Mahmud ◽  
Kiran Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
External Cephalic Version ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sectional Analysis

ABSTRACT Objective To determine association of GNK-PIMS score vs Newmann Peacock score with success of external cephalic version (ECV). Materials and methods This comparative cross-sectional analysis was carried out at MCH center Unit I, PIMS, Islamabad, from 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2009. Characteristics of 166 breech versions performed during study period were integrated into both Newmann Peacock score and GNK-PIMS score. Association of the two scoring systems with success of ECV was determined using Student t-test, correlation coefficient, Chi-square test and Cox and Snell test. The individual characteristics of two scores were also evaluated by stepwise linear regression model. Results The success rate of ECV was 49.9%. Newman Peacock score had weaker correlation with success of ECV (r = 0.234, p = 0.001) than GNK-PIMS score (r = 0.716, p = 0.000). The success rate was 6.3% at a score of <3 and 60% at >8 with Newmann Peacock score while that with GNKPIMS score was nil at a score of <3 and 100% at >8. All individual parameters of the GNK-PIMS score had significant association with success of ECV compared to only three variables of Newman Peacock score. Conclusion GNK-PIMS score is stronger predictor of ECV success than Newman Peacock score. Larger randomized controlled trials should be conducted based on this scoring system. How to cite this article Tasnim N, Mahmud G, Javaid K. GNKPIMS Score: A Predictive Model for Success of External Cephalic Version. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2012;4(2): 99-102.

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