scholarly journals Thoracic Aortic Emergencies: Presenting Pathologies and Treatment Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 085-096
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Sheeran ◽  
Adam M. Zelickson ◽  
Luke R. Wilkins ◽  
J. Fritz Angle ◽  
David M. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pathologic Processes ◽  
Thoracic Stent Graft

AbstractThoracic aortic emergencies reflect a wide range of etiologies, pathologic processes, and clinical presentations. Accurate identification with an appropriate treatment algorithm is best accomplished in a multidisciplinary setting with interventional radiologists, vascular surgeons, and cardiothoracic surgeons. While knowledge of thoracic stent graft equipment and technique is essential in the treatment of thoracic aortic emergencies, many clinical settings may employ alternative treatment techniques. This article will review the most common thoracic aortic emergencies and treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Long Chronic Total Occlusions: Revascularization Strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (05) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sheeran ◽  
Luke Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Chronic Total Occlusions ◽  
Multiple Treatment ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

AbstractThe treatment of chronic total occlusions (CTO) in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a complex topic with multiple treatment techniques and treatment strategies. The interventionalist treating patients with PAD should have both a defined treatment algorithm and multiple techniques available for crossing these challenging lesions. This article will cover techniques for treating CTOs and provide an overview of current available evidence.

scholarly journals Management of atraumatic shoulder instability in physiotherapy (MASIP): a survey of physiotherapy practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Coulthard ◽  
Mindy C Cairns ◽  
Deborah Williams ◽  
Ben Hughes ◽  
Anju Jaggi
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Instability ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Free Text ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physiotherapy Practice ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The impact of atraumatic shoulder instability (ASI) on patients can be extensive, its management complex, with a biopsychosocial approach recommended. Currently how physiotherapists manage ASI is unknown or the extent to which current clinical practice aligns with existing evidence. At the time of this study no national guidelines or consensus to direct practice existed. Methods A cross-sectional electronic survey was distributed between July-September 2018, targeting UK-based physiotherapists managing shoulder pathology. Respondents were invited to describe their management of ASI, and rate their awareness and utilisation of various treatment techniques on a Likert-scale; median and interquartile ranges were calculated. Free text survey items were analysed using quantitative content analysis (QCA) to identify codes and categories. Means and percentages were calculated to summarise QCA and descriptive data. Results Valid survey responses were analysed (n = 135). Respondents had between 2 and 39 years of physiotherapy experience (mean = 13.9 years); the majority (71.1 %) reported that ASI made up < 10 % of their caseload. Only 22.9 % (n = 31/135) of respondents reported feeling ‘very confident’ in managing ASI; the majority feeling ‘somewhat confident’ (70.4 %, n = 95/135) or ‘not confident’ (6.7 %, n = 9/135). The majority of respondents (59.3 %) used an ASI classification system, > 90 % citing the Stanmore Classification. Physiotherapists adapted their management according to clinical presentation, responding to differing biopsychosocial needs of the patient scenario. Most respondents (> 80 %) did not use a protocol to guide their management. Exercise was the most utilised management approach for ASI, followed by education; novel treatment strategies, including cortical rehabilitation, were also reported. Conclusion Findings indicate physiotherapists utilise a wide range of treatment strategies and respond to biopsychosocial cues when managing patients with ASI. The majority reported not being very confident in managing this condition, however only a minority use rehabilitation protocols to support their management. Some interventions that respondents reported using lacked evidence to support their use in ASI management and further research regarding effectiveness is required. Guidelines have been published since this survey; the impact of these will need evaluating to determine their effectiveness in the future.

Consensus on management of acne-induced post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation: an Indian perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayakar Thomas ◽  
Krupa Shankar ◽  
Sudhir Pujara ◽  
Rajeev Sharma ◽  
David Pudukadan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panel Discussion ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Indian Patients ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Chemical Peels ◽  
Group A

<p class="abstract">Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a multifactorial disorder linked to alterations in melanin pigment because of inflammatory skin condition or any injury. Acne-induced PIH is one of the common presentations observed in dermatological consultations in India, especially in females of younger age group. A wide range of topical depigmenting agents are available for effective clearance of hyperpigmentation in patients affected with acne. Besides, chemical peels and cosmetic procedures like lasers and light therapies are commonly employed. However, treatment of acne-induced PIH is challenging in Indian clinical settings for multiple reasons such as relapsing of the condition and long-standing nature of the disease; the tendency of treatment to cause pigmentation; insufficient clinical data on natural ingredients; and lack of clinical practice guidelines, exclusively for the management of PIH in Indian patients. An experts’ panel discussion involving dermatologists all over India was conducted to review the evidence-based concept of acne-induced hyperpigmentation, and to obtain expert opinions on effective and practical management of acne-induced PIH in Indian settings. This article outlines consensus expert opinions aimed at identifying, diagnosing, and managing acne-induced PIH using topical depigmenting agents in Indian patients. It also highlights effective preventive strategies, the role of patient counselling and education regarding awareness about the disease and its treatment strategies.  </p>

Principles of Rehabilitation in Reconstructive Surgery in the Upper Limb

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Ranelli ◽  
Susan Forsythe ◽  
Jagdeep Nanchahal
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Reconstructive Surgery ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Treatment Goals ◽  
Reconstructive Procedure ◽  
Routine Treatment ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Appropriate Treatment

To best establish appropriate treatment aims and treatment strategies in the rehabilitation of the patient having undergone reconstructive surgery, the therapist must understand the general principles underpinning the reconstructive procedure/s performed by the surgeon. The therapist then applies his/her knowledge of anatomy and biomechanics during assessment of the patient and must consider possible contraindications of routine treatment techniques that may compromise the reconstruction. Communication with the surgeon and the patient is essential so that treatment goals are understood, agreed and ultimately achieved.

Non-invasive ultrasound-based imaging of atherosclerosis

VASA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Kaspar ◽  
Iris Baumgartner ◽  
Daniel Staub ◽  
Heinz Drexel ◽  
Christoph Thalhammer
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Grey Scale ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Abstract. Early detection of vascular damage in atherosclerosis and accurate assessment of cardiovascular risk factors are the basis for appropriate treatment strategies in cardiovascular medicine. The current review focuses on non-invasive ultrasound-based methods for imaging of atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is an accepted early manifestation of atherosclerosis. The most widely used technique to study endothelial function is non-invasive, flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery under high-resolution ultrasound imaging. Although an increased intima-media thickness value is associated with future cardiovascular events in several large population studies, systematic use is not recommended in clinical practice for risk assessment of individual persons. Carotid plaque analysis with grey-scale median, 3-D ultrasound or contrast-enhanced ultrasound are promising techniques for further scientific work in prevention and therapy of generalized atherosclerosis.

Site specific agricultural soil management with the use of new technologies

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Interface ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Variation ◽  
Soil Information ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Agricultural Areas

<p>The Soil Science Institute of Thessaloniki produces new digitized Soil Maps that provide a useful electronic database for the spatial representation of the soil variation within a region, based on in situ soil sampling, laboratory analyses, GIS techniques and plant nutrition mathematical models, coupled with the local land cadastre. The novelty of these studies is that local agronomists have immediate access to a wide range of soil information by clicking on a field parcel shown in this digital interface and, therefore, can suggest an appropriate treatment (e.g. liming, manure incorporation, desalination, application of proper type and quantity of fertilizer) depending on the field conditions and cultivated crops. A specific case study is presented in the current work with regards to the construction of the digitized Soil Map of the regional unit of Kastoria. The potential of this map can easily be realized by the fact that the mapping of the physicochemical properties of the soils in this region provided delineation zones for differential fertilization management. An experiment was also conducted using remote sensing techniques for the enhancement of the fertilization advisory software database, which is a component of the digitized map, and the optimization of nitrogen management in agricultural areas.</p>

Salivary C-reactive protein among at-risk adolescents: A methods investigation of out of range immunoassay data

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Landau ◽  
John Arthur Trinder ◽  
Julian Simmons ◽  
Monika Raniti ◽  
Matthew Blake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Diurnal Pattern ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Salivary Biomarker ◽  
At Risk Adolescents

Inflammatory markers including C-Reactive Protein (CRP) are increasingly used within research and clinical settings. Yet, varying methodologies for cleaning immunoassay data with out of range (OOR) samples may alter characteristic levels of CRP, thereby obscuring interpretation and reliability. This study investigated the influence of eight immunoassay OOR data treatment techniques on salivary CRP (sCRP) samples from at-risk adolescents. Participants from the ‘Sleep and Education: learning New Skills Early’ (SENSE) Study were 86 adolescents at-risk for depression (50 female), aged 14.29 years (SD=1.04). ANOVA results showed no statistically significant differences in average morning (F(7, 590)=1.24, p=.28) and evening (F(7, 599)=1.29, p=.25) values produced by each OOR data cleaning technique. However, varying techniques produced differences in the magnitude of Pearson’s correlations between consecutive saliva samples (r’s between .27 – .78), and influenced the significance of a sCRP diurnal pattern; two techniques produced statistically higher morning than evening sCRP levels (t(85)=2.70, p=.01 and t(85)=2.67, p=.01), whereas six techniques failed to find statistical differences between morning and evening sCRP levels (p’s &gt;.05). Varying techniques also produced statistically divergent associations between sCRP and age and depressive symptoms. Results from this study provide evidence for the temporal stability of sCRP among adolescents, show winsorization as an effective OOR data management technique, and highlight the influence of methodological decisions in cleaning salivary biomarker data and the need for consistency within the field.

scholarly journals The Meniscus in Normal and Osteoarthritic Tissues: Facing the Structure Property Challenges and Current Treatment Trends

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 495-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline A. Murphy ◽  
Atul K. Garg ◽  
Joana Silva-Correia ◽  
Rui L. Reis ◽  
Joaquim M. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Meniscal Repair ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Biological Structure ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Treatment Trends ◽  
Meniscus Injuries

The treatment of meniscus injuries has recently been facing a paradigm shift toward the field of tissue engineering, with the aim of regenerating damaged and diseased menisci as opposed to current treatment techniques. This review focuses on the structure and mechanics associated with the meniscus. The meniscus is defined in terms of its biological structure and composition. Biomechanics of the meniscus are discussed in detail, as an understanding of the mechanics is fundamental for the development of new meniscal treatment strategies. Key meniscal characteristics such as biological function, damage (tears), and disease are critically analyzed. The latest technologies behind meniscal repair and regeneration are assessed.

The Future of Plasma-Based Surface Engineering Techniques in Tribology (Keynote)

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Matthews ◽  
Adrian Leyland
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Macro Scale

Over the past twenty years or so, there have been major steps forward both in the understanding of tribological mechanisms and in the development of new coating and treatment techniques to better “engineer” surfaces to achieve reductions in wear and friction. Particularly in the coatings tribology field, improved techniques and theories which enable us to study and understand the mechanisms occurring at the “nano”, “micro” and “macro” scale have allowed considerable progress to be made in (for example) understanding contact mechanisms and the influence of “third bodies” [1–5]. Over the same period, we have seen the emergence of the discipline which we now call “Surface Engineering”, by which, ideally, a bulk material (the ‘substrate’) and a coating are combined in a way that provides a cost-effective performance enhancement of which neither would be capable without the presence of the other. It is probably fair to say that the emergence and recognition of Surface Engineering as a field in its own right has been driven largely by the availability of “plasma”-based coating and treatment processes, which can provide surface properties which were previously unachievable. In particular, plasma-assisted (PA) physical vapour deposition (PVD) techniques, allowing wear-resistant ceramic thin films such as titanium nitride (TiN) to be deposited on a wide range of industrial tooling, gave a step-change in industrial productivity and manufactured product quality, and caught the attention of engineers due to the remarkable cost savings and performance improvements obtained. Subsequently, so-called 2nd- and 3rd-generation ceramic coatings (with multilayered or nanocomposite structures) have recently been developed [6–9], to further extend tool performance — the objective typically being to increase coating hardness further, or extend hardness capabilities to higher temperatures.

scholarly journals A Closer Look at the Cellular and Molecular Components of the Deep/Muscular Fasciae

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
Caterina Fede ◽  
Carmelo Pirri ◽  
Chenglei Fan ◽  
Lucia Petrelli ◽  
Diego Guidolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Pathological Characteristics ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Molecular Components ◽  
Entire Network ◽  
Shed Light

The fascia can be defined as a dynamic highly complex connective tissue network composed of different types of cells embedded in the extracellular matrix and nervous fibers: each component plays a specific role in the fascial system changing and responding to stimuli in different ways. This review intends to discuss the various components of the fascia and their specific roles; this will be carried out in the effort to shed light on the mechanisms by which they affect the entire network and all body systems. A clear understanding of fascial anatomy from a microscopic viewpoint can further elucidate its physiological and pathological characteristics and facilitate the identification of appropriate treatment strategies.

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