Risk Factors for Mortality among Newborns with Neonatal Seizures

Abstract Objective The aim of the study is to examine the incidence and risk factors for death among neonates who developed neonatal seizures (NS) in an ethnically distinctive community with high consanguinity rate in Israel. Methods Retrospective study was conducted at a single institution on data between January 2001 and January 2016. All neonates diagnosed with NS developed up to age 28 days were included. Mortality was defined as death within the first year of life. Results Of all 69,460 neonates born during the study period, 118 (1.7 per 1,000 live births) developed NS; 35 (29.7%) died within the first year while 83 (70.3%) survived. The leading causes of death were developmental brain malformation (31.4%), genetic/metabolic (20%), hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (20%), intracranial hemorrhage (11.4%) and infections (11.4%). Any consanguinity between the parents was found in 18 and 14.6% among the survivors and deceased groups, respectively (p = 0.24). Developmental brain malformations that lead to death were present in 3.6 and 31.4% in the survivors and deceased groups, respectively (p = 0.001; relative risk 8.70; 95% confidence interval 2.58–29.27). Stepwise backward logistic regression analysis revealed that developmental brain malformations (p < 0.0001), use of more than one antiepileptic medication (p = 0.006), and multiorgan failure (p = 0.004) were significant risk factors that predicted death. Conclusion The results of the current study show that developmental brain malformations that cause NS were the leading risk factor for death.

Download Full-text

Hospital admissions from birth to early adolescence and early-life risk factors: the 11-year follow-up of the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2010001000015 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 26 (10) ◽

pp. 1980-1989 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ana M. B. Menezes ◽

Ricardo B. Noal ◽

Juraci A. Cesar ◽

Pedro C. Hallal ◽

Cora Luiza Araújo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hospital Admission ◽

Skin Color ◽

Low Birthweight ◽

Family Income ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

First Year ◽

First Year Of Life

The aim of this prospective analysis was to describe the cumulative incidence of hospital admissions in the first year of life and between 1 and 11 years of age and to explore associated factors. Hospital admissions were collected through regular monitoring in the first year of life, and through maternal report on admissions between 1 and 11 years. Analyses were stratified by sex and adjusted for confounding factors. 18.1% of children were hospitalized in the first year of life, and 30.7% between ages 1 and 11 years. Among boys, hospital admission in the first year was associated with low family income, paternal smoking during pregnancy, preterm delivery, and low birthweight. Among girls, in addition to the variables described for boys, black/mixed skin color was also a risk factor for hospital admission. For admissions between 1 and 11 years of age, low family income and gestational age > 37 weeks were found to be significant risk factors.

Download Full-text

Risk factors and the occurrence of cerebral palsy in high risk infants

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi58.2.2018.95-100 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 95-100

Author(s):

Setyo Handryastuti ◽

Sofyan Ismael ◽

Sudigdo Sastroasmoro ◽

Asril Aminulah ◽

Ferial Hadipoetro Idris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cerebral Palsy ◽

High Risk ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽

First Year ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Cerebral Ultrasound ◽

Ischemic Encephalopathy

Background The incidence of cerebral palsy (CP) has increased due to better survival rates of high-risk babies. Early detection and time to the occurrence of CP in the first year of life is important in order to provide early intervention.Objectives To determine the proportion of CP in high-risk babies, the time to the occurrence of CP in the first year, and assess possible associations between risk factors of CP and time to the occurrence of CP.Methods A prospective cohort study was done on 150 high-risk babies up to the age of 12 months. We obtained history of motor ability and assessed primitive reflexes and postural reactions of subjects at the ages of 4 and 6 months. The diagnosis of CP was established at 6 and 12 months of age.Results The proportion of CP was 26% at 6 months and 24% at 12 months of age. Significant risk factors associated with CP at 6 and 12 months of age were cerebral ultrasound abnormalities, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and intracranial hemorrhage. In 88.7% of subjects with CP, CP was detected in the first 6 months. Mean age at the occurrence of CP was 9.99 months (95%CI 9.46 to 10.53). Risk factors that significantly affected the time to the occurrence of CP by survival analysis were ultrasound abnormalities and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.Conclusions Cerebral palsy can be detected as early as the first 6 months of life. Cerebral ultrasound abnormalities and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy are the risk factors associated with CP.

Download Full-text

Passive Smoke Exposure and Otitis Media in the First Year of Life

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.95.5.670 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 95 (5) ◽

pp. 670-677

Author(s):

John L. Ey ◽

Catharine J. Holberg ◽

Michael B. Aldous ◽

Anne L. Wright ◽

Fernando D. Martinez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Maternal Smoking ◽

Health Maintenance Organization ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

First Year ◽

Health Maintenance ◽

First Year Of Life

Objective. This study examined, in a health maintenance organization population of children, the associations between parents' smoking and otitis media (OM) in their children while controlling for other known risk factors. Methods. Healthy newborns (1246) in a large health maintenance organization were enrolled at birth, and 1013 (81%) were followed prospectively for the first year of life. Their medical records were reviewed for the diagnosis of otitis media. Information on risk factors for recurrent OM (ROM) was collected, including a number of variables related to parental smoking. Results. After controlling for other known risk factors for ROM including gender, day care, other siblings in the home, parental history of hay fever, and method of feeding, it was found that heavy maternal smoking of 20 or more cigarettes per day was a significant risk factor for ROM but not for nonrecurrent otitis. Heavy maternal smoking was associated with a threefold risk for ROM if the infant weighed less than the mean at birth (3.5 kg) after controlling for other risk factors. No association was found with paternal smoking. Conclusions. Heavy maternal smoking is a significant risk factor for ROM in the first year of life. This smoking effect seems to be stronger among infants of lower birth weight.

Download Full-text

Early Infant Feeding Practices as Possible Risk Factors for Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Food Allergies in Kuwait

International Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1155/2018/1701903 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dalal Alkazemi ◽

Munirah Albeajan ◽

Stan Kubow

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Food Allergies ◽

First Year ◽

Antibiotic Exposure ◽

Pediatric Allergy ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Ige Mediated ◽

First Year Of Life

Objective. Early feeding and infant exposures have been suggested as potential risk factors for immunoglobulin E- (IgE-) mediated food allergy (FA). We aimed to evaluate the association between IgE-mediated FA in children and early exposures including the child’s nutritional status, breastfeeding and its duration, the age at which the solid food was first introduced, antibiotic exposure during the first year of life, and the child’s vitamin D status during infancy. Design. A case-control study. Setting and Subjects. Children aged 0–13 years were recruited from pediatric allergy and immunology clinics (PAICs) located at major government hospitals in Kuwait (total FA cases: n=100; boys = 67%), and healthy controls (n=100, boys 55%) were recruited from various vaccination units at primary healthcare centers. Results. Cow’s milk allergy was the most common type of FA. FA status was independently associated with the early exposures of exclusive breastfeeding (aOR = 15.55 (3.26–74.19), p=0.001), vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency during infancy (aOR = 5.42 (1.92–15.30), p=0.001), and antibiotic exposure during the first year of life (aOR = 5.00 (1.58–15.84), p=0.006). Conclusions. FA is highly prevalent among children in Kuwait, and our data indicate that early nutrition-related and antibiotic exposures are associated with FA risk.

Download Full-text

Epidemiology of Physician-Diagnosed Allergic Rhinitis in Childhood

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.94.6.895 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 94 (6) ◽

pp. 895-901

Author(s):

Anne L. Wright ◽

Catharine J. Holberg ◽

Marilyn Halonen ◽

Fernando D. Martinez ◽

Wayne Morgan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Age At Onset ◽

First Year ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Early Introduction ◽

Maternal Cigarette Smoking ◽

History Of ◽

First Year Of Life

Objective. To investigate the natural history of and risk factors for allergic rhinitis in the first 6 years of life. Methods. Parents of 747 healthy children followed from birth completed a questionnaire when the child was 6 years old. Data were obtained regarding physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis (PDAR), associated symptoms, and age at onset. Risk-factor data were taken from earlier questionnaires, and data regarding immunoglobulin E (IgE) and skin-test reactivity were obtained at age 6. Results. By the age of 6, 42% of children had PDAR. Children whose rhinitis began in the first year of life had more respiratory symptoms at age 6 and were more likely to have a diagnosis of asthma. Early introduction of foods or formula, heavy maternal cigarette smoking in the first year of life, and higher IgE, as well as parental allergic disorders, were associated with early development of rhinitis. Risk factors for PDAR that remained significant in a multivanate model included maternal history of physician-diagnosed allergy (odds ratio: 2.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.35-3.54), asthma in the child (4.06, 2.06-7.99), and IgE greater than 100 IU/mL at age 6 (1.93, 1.18-3.17). The odds for atopic as opposed to nonatopic PDAR were significantly higher only among those with high IgE and those who had dogs. Conclusion. Allergic rhinitis developing in the first years of life is an early manifestation of an atopic predisposition, which may be triggered by early environmental exposures.

Download Full-text

DOZ047.81: Neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with AE: developmental trajectories in the first year of life

Diseases of the Esophagus ◽

10.1093/dote/doz047.81 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

F Bevilacqua ◽

B Ragni ◽

L Valfrè ◽

A Conforti ◽

A Braguglia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Mechanical Ventilation ◽

Motor Development ◽

Developmental Trajectories ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽

First Year ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽

Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background Esophageal atresia (EA) prognosis have improved significantly over the past three decades. Research and clinical attention has shifted to neurodevelopmental outcomes and quality of life. Aim The aim of this study wasto examine neurodevelopmental outcomes and to identify clinical and sociodemographic risk factors in a cohort of infants with EA. Methods An observational prospective longitudinal study was conducted between 2009 and 2017. Neurodevelopment was assessed at 6 and 12 months by Bayley Scales of Infants and Toddler Development—3rd Edition. Clinical and sociodemographic variables included were gender, birthweight, gestational age, associated malformations, number of hospitalizations, surgeries and dilatations at 12 months, days of mechanical ventilation, parental age, education level, and socioeconomic status. Results Ninety-six infants were enrolled in the study at 6 months and 73 of them were evaluated also at 12 months. Analysis showed significant differences between motor development at 6 and 12 months (M6 = 95.39, SD = 15.71; M12 = 91.83, SD = 12.87; t = 0.245, P = 0.017); significant differences emerged also between cognitive development at 6 and 12 months (M6 = 91.80, SD = 11.70; M12 = 100.92, SD = 15.39; t = −5.10, p = .000). Infants with long-gap AE achieved the worst scores in cognitive (r = -.28, P < .01) and motor scales (r = -.36, P < .01) at 6 months and in motor scale at 12 months (r = −0.30, P < 0.05). More days of mechanical ventilation were related to a lower score in both the cognitive (6 months r = −0.26, P < 0.05; 12 months r = −0.26, P < 0.05) and motor scale (6 months: r = −0.38, P < 0.01; 12 months r = −0.42, P < 0.01). A major number of interventions in the first year of life were related to lower scores in the motor scale at 12 months (r = −0.43, P < 0.01). Conclusions Infants operated on for AE are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairment in the first year of life. Findings support the association between neurodevelopmental outcomes and clinical risk factors. Careful interdisciplinary follow-up is essential for early detection of neurodevelopmental delay.

Download Full-text

Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors During The First Year of Life 519

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-199804001-00540 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 91-91

Author(s):

Mona A Eissa ◽

Darwin R Labarthe ◽

Thomas Downs

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

First Year ◽

First Year Of Life

Download Full-text

Neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with esophageal atresia: risk factors in the first year of life

Diseases of the Esophagus ◽

10.1093/dote/doaa102 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bevilacqua Francesca ◽

Ragni Benedetta ◽

Conforti Andrea ◽

Braguglia Annabella ◽

Gentile Simonetta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Cognitive Development ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Multiple Regression ◽

Esophageal Atresia ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Motor Development ◽

First Year ◽

First Year Of Life

Summary Data on neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants born with esophageal atresia (EA) are still scarce and controversial. The aims of our study were to evaluate motor and cognitive development during the first year of life, in patients operated on of EA and to investigate potential risk factors for motor and cognitive development both at 6 and 12 months. This is an observational prospective longitudinal study in a selected cohort of type C and D EA infants enrolled in our follow-up program from 2009 to 2017. In order to exclude possible confounding factors, the following exclusion criteria were applied: (i) gestational age ≤ 32 weeks and/or birth weight ≤ 1500 g; (ii) genetic syndrome or chromosomal anomaly known to be associated with neurodevelopmental delay; (iii) neurologic disease; (iv) esophageal gap ≥three vertebral bodies. Patients were evaluated at 6 and 12 months of life (corrected age for infants with a gestational age of 32–37 weeks) with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development—3rd Edition. In our selected cohort of EA infants, 82 were evaluated at 6 months and 59 were reevaluated at 12 months. Both Motor and Cognitive average scores were within the norm at both time points. However, we report increased number of infants with motor delay with time: 14% at 6 months and 24% at 12 months. Multiple regression analysis for Motor scores at 6 [F(4,74) = 4.363, P = 0.003] and 12 months [F(6,50) = 2.634, P = 0.027] identified (i) low birth weight, (ii) longer hospital stay and (iii) weight < fifth percentile at 1 year as risk factors. Interestingly, average Cognitive scores also increased with time from 85.2% at 6 months and 96.6% at 12 months. Multiple regression models explaining variance of Cognitive scores at 6 [F(4, 73) = 2.458, P = 0.053] and 12 months [F(6, 49) = 1.232, P = 0.306] were nonsignificant. Our selected cohort of EA patients shows, on the average, Motor and Cognitive scores within the norm both at 6 and 12 months. Nevertheless, the percentage of infants with Motor scores below the average increases regardless gestational age. None of clinical and sociodemographic variables taken into consideration was able to predict cognitive development both at 6 and 12 months whereas risk factors for Motor development change during the first year of life. Healthcare providers should pay particular attention to patients with low birth weight, longer hospital stays and weight under fifth percentile at 1 year. Future studies should include long-term outcomes to reveal possible catch up in motor development and/or possible findings in Cognitive scores.

Download Full-text