Reliability of the Mangled Extremity Severity Score in the Management of Peripheral Vascular Injuries in Children: A Retrospective Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mousa ◽  
Ossama M. Zakaria ◽  
Mai A. Elkalla ◽  
Lotfy A. Abdelsattar ◽  
Hamad Al-Game'a
Keyword(s):  
Severity Score ◽  
Vein Graft ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vascular Injuries ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Mangled Extremity ◽  
Group I ◽  
End To End

AbstractThis study was aimed to evaluate different management modalities for peripheral vascular trauma in children, with the aid of the Mangled Extremity Severity Score (MESS). A single-center retrospective analysis took place between 2010 and 2017 at University Hospitals, having emergencies and critical care centers. Different types of vascular repair were adopted by skillful vascular experts and highly trained pediatric surgeons. Patients were divided into three different age groups. Group I included those children between 5 and 10 years; group II involved pediatrics between 11 and 15 years; while children between 16 and 21 years participated in group III. We recruited 183 children with peripheral vascular injuries. They were 87% males and 13% females, with the mean age of 14.72 ± 04. Arteriorrhaphy was performed in 32%; end-to-end anastomosis and natural vein graft were adopted in 40.5 and 49%, respectively. On the other hand, 10.5% underwent bypass surgery. The age groups I and II are highly susceptible to penetrating trauma (p = 0.001), while patients with an extreme age (i.e., group III) are more susceptible to blunt injury (p = 0.001). The MESS has a significant correlation to both age groups I and II (p = 0.001). Vein patch angioplasty and end-to-end primary repair should be adopted as the main treatment options for the repair of extremity vascular injuries in children. Moreover, other treatment modalities, such as repair with autologous vein graft/bypass surgery, may be adopted whenever possible. They are cost-effective, reliable, and simple techniques with fewer postoperative complication, especially in poor/limited resources.

scholarly journals Assessment of intraocular pressure in chinchillas of different age groups using rebound tonometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1466-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flor Diana Yokoay Claros Chacaltana ◽  
João Antonio Tadeu Pigatto ◽  
Ione Terezinha Denardin
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Rebound Tonometer ◽  
Indirect Ophthalmoscopy ◽  
Group I ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to measure the intraocular pressure (IOP) of normal chinchilla eyes using the rebound tonometer. A further aim was to assess whether there were differences in the values of intraocular pressure in relation to animals age, gender and time of day. Thirty-six chinchillas were divided into three groups of 12 chinchillas each, by age: Group I (2-6-month-old), Group II (20 and 34 months) and Group III (37 and 135 months). Ophthalmic examination was performed previously by Schirmer tear test, slit lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein test in all chinchillas. Three measurements of intraocular pressure were assessed on the same day (7, 12 and 19h). Tonometry was performed on both eyes using the rebound tonometer after calibration in "p" mode. Statistical analysis was performed with SigmaPlot for Windows. The mean IOP for groups I, II and III were 2.47±0.581mmHg, 2.47±0.581mmHg and 2.51±0.531mmHg, respectively. No significant differences were reported between age and IOP and no significant differences were reported between the time of day and IOP. The IOP in chinchillas did not differ significantly between genders or ages of the animals, and did not change with time of day.

scholarly journals Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia and prevalence of comorbidities in elderly patient population

2020 ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
Sergey K. Zyryanov ◽  
M.S. Chenkurov ◽  
Marina A. Ivzhits ◽  
Yu.A. Batechko ◽  
E.B. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Enterococcus Spp

Objective. To investigate the mortality rate, comorbidity prevalence, and etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in elderly patient population. Materials and Methods. Hospitalized elderly patients with CAP were distributed into the following age groups: 65–74 years (group I), 75–84 years (group II) and 85–94 years (group III). The patients’ medical records were used for determining comorbidities and mortality rate. In order to determine etiology of CAP, sputum or BAL samples were collected. A total of 171 isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF MS. Results. The mortality rates were 27.1%, 31.5% and 45.7% in age groups I, II, III, respectively. The most common concomitant diseases in all age groups were arterial hypertension (47.4%, 54.6%, and 62.8% for groups I, II, and III, respectively), chronic heart failure (45.7%, 50.9%, and 60.0%, respectively), and coronary heart disease (15.2%, 25.9%, and 24.3%, respectively). The most frequently isolated bacteria by age group were the following: group I – non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB) (7.4%), Enterobacterales (6.6%), S. aureus (6.6%); group II – Enterobacterales (13.9%), S. aureus (5.6%), Enterococcus spp. (5.6%), NFGNB (2.8%); group III – NFGNB (15.4%), S. aureus (7.7%), Enterococcus spp. (7.7%), Enerobacterales (7.7%). Conclusions. The mortality rates in elderly patients with CAP were high and varied from 27.1% in 65–74 years old patients to 45.7% in 85–94 years old patients. The most common comorbidities in all age groups were arterial hypertension (up to 62.8%), chronic heart failure (up to 60%), and coronary heart disease (up to 25.9%). The main pathogens causing CAP in elderly patient population were Enterobacterales and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria.

RESULTS OF MONITORING OF REPEATED DISABILITY DUE TO THYROID CANCER IN THE ADULT POPULATION IN MOSCOW

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
G.E. Pogosyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Disability Group ◽  
Group Ii

Among socially significant diseases that are characterized by high prevalence rates, malignant neoplasms occupy the leading positions. Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm of the endocrine system. Purpose of the study. Analysis of recurrent disability due to thyroid cancer in the adult population in Moscow (2015–2019). Materials and research methods. The structure of repeated disability due to thyroid cancer by sex, age and disability group was studied. The dynamics of the number of the PPI contingent was traced and the level of repeated disability due to this pathology was determined. The number of observations was 4660 PPI. Research results. It was found that in the structure of repeated disability due to thyroid cancer, women predominated by gender. The trend towards an increase in the number of PPI took place in all major age groups of the adult population. The prevalence of PPI with group III disability, the proportion of which was 66.0% (PPI with group II – 32.5%, PPI with group I – 1.5%). The visibility indicator in 2019 in relation to 2015 (taken as 100%) was equal in the general contingent of PPI among disabled people of group I – 142.9%, group II – 374.1%, group III – 249.3% ...

Prenatal gross morphometrical studies on spleen with special reference to prediction of foetal age in Surti goat (Capra hircus)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra Chaurasia ◽  
R. Menaka ◽  
Thakur Krishna Shankar Rao ◽  
K.K. Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Length Width

A study was conducted to elucidate the topographic location and morphometry of the spleen in 30 Surti goat foetuses at different stages of their development ranging from 44 to 144 days (4.0 to 41.0 cm CRL). On the basis of CR length, the foetuses were divided into three age groups viz., group-I (4.0 to 11.6 cm CRL), group-II (12.2 to 26.8 cm CRL) and group-III (27.2 to 41.0 cm CRL). Special attempt has been made to fit prediction equation (stepwise regression) for estimation of approximate age of Surti goat foetuses by using splenic biometrics. The developing spleen was observed at the age of 44 days (4.0 cm CRL) in abdominal cavity close to the stomach. The shape of spleen was roughly quadrilateral in all age groups. The various spleen measurements viz., length, width, thickness, volume and weight increases in dimensions during different stages of development and all the changes were highly significant (P less than 0.01). The mean relative weight of spleen was maximum (0.15%) in group-III. Among splenic parameters, the length of spleen was found most important variable; which could be used for estimation of age using stepwise regression (R2 = 0.97) model in Surti goat foetuses.

Maturation and Fecundity of Brook Trout from Infertile Streams

1966 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Wydoski ◽  
Edwin L. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Group I ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
Curvilinear Regression

The reproductive rate of brook trout populations from infertile Pennsylvania streams was determined. The standing crops for eight streams varied between 14 and 41 lb/acre. Trout in age-groups 0 through III were found to grow slowly with very few individuals reaching a total length of 6 inches.The seasonal development of ova was determined by measuring all ova larger than 0.2 mm from selected females. The maturing ova of most females of age-groups II and III increased in diameter from 0.9 mm in February to 1.0 mm in June, 1.75 mm in July, 2.5 mm in August, 3.0 mm in September, and 4.0 mm in October. Maturing females could be distinguished from immature females by late August or early September on the basis of ova diameters. The mean diameter of ripe ova from 67 females was 4.05 mm with a range between 3.37 and 5.01 mm for individual trout ranging from 4.6 to 8.6 inches total length.The relationship between the number of mature ova and the total length of the female for one population was described by a curvilinear regression (log Y = −0.5361 + 3.23 log X, where Y = number of eggs, and X = the total length of the fish) for brook trout between 3.6 inches (18 eggs) and 7.7 inches (213 eggs). Variation in this relationship existed among streams.Ova production was estimated as 9050 ova per acre for one population and 13,620 ova per acre for another. Age-group-I females contributed approximately 9% of this production; age-group-II females, 54%; and age-group-III females, 37%. An ecological life table was constructed for two populations comparing rates of survival, age-specific fecundity rates, and reproductive rates.

scholarly journals Determination of Maxillary Incisal Edge Position using Canine Visibility as a Guide – An In vivo Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Ankita Piplani ◽  
G. Ganadhipathi ◽  
M. C. Suresh Sajjan
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Adhesive Tape ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Incisal Edge ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Purpose:  To evaluate the reliability of the visibility of the central incisor & the canine for the cervico incisal positioning of anterior maxillary teeth related to age & sex while the upper lip was in repose in dentate patients & the development of rehabilitation recommendations for edentulous individuals with regard to the location of the maxillary incisal edge Methodology: 308 subjects [152 Males & 156 Females] belonging to the age of 30 to 59 years were selected using a simple stratified random technique. There were three age and sex groups: Group I was 30 to 39 years old, Group II was 40 to 49 years old, and Group III was 50 to 59 years old. The vertical distances (in mm) between the lower border of the upper lip and the right maxillary central incisal edge and canine tip were measured and recorded using adhesive tape marked with millimetres. A single examiner recorded all the measurements and the values were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Men in Groups I and II had maxillary central incisor exposure ranging from +6 to -1mm, whereas males in Group III had exposure ranging from +5 to -2mm. There was an exposure range of +6 to -2 mm in females in Group I, +7 to -2 mm in Group II, and +5 to -2 mm in Group III for the central incisors. While the canine exposure in Group I and II and Group III ranged from +2 to -4mm in females, the exposure ranged from +3 to -3mm in men of all ages. In all groups, females had statistically significant (P0.05) more central incisor and canine exposure than men. Conclusions: The canine visibility was less variable in all the age groups and in both males and females in comparison to the central incisor. When restoring edentulous individuals, the average canine exposure dimension can be employed for cervico-incisal location of the anterior maxillary teeth.

scholarly journals Growth rate of thyroid gland in human fetus

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Nuriya I. Murtazina ◽  
Elena D. Lutsai ◽  
Sofya V. Ershova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Fetal Period ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
The Right

Objectives to determine the thyroid gland growth rate in the intermediate fetal period of human ontogenesis. Material and methods. The thyroid glands of 60 male and female fetuses aged from 14 to 27 weeks were the subject of this research. The material was divided according to fetus age in three groups: Group I from 14 to 18 weeks, Group II from 19 to 22 weeks and Group III from 23 to 27 weeks. Results. The study revealed the increase in all dimensions of thyroid gland related to the increase of fetus age. During the intermediate fetal period of ontogenesis, the growth varied from 19% (for the anteroposterior isthmus size) to 59% (for the right lobe height). The thyroid gland growth rate for different sex groups varied between 24% and 60% in female fetuses, in male fetuses from 20% to 57%. Besides, the thyroid lobes and isthmus of female fetuses grew at a higher rate than those of the male fetuses. The uneven growth of the anatomical structure was also registered when comparing different age groups within the intermediate fetal period. The highest rate of thyroid gland growth was observed starting from the 22nd week of fetal life; until the 19th week the growth rate ranged between 7% (isthmus) and 25% (right lobe). The study of the thyroid gland growth rate in female and male fetuses in different age groups revealed identical tendencies involving the active growth of thyroid gland dimensions starting from the 22nd week.

scholarly journals Condition of Periodontal Tissues in Pregnant Women of Different Age Groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-248
Author(s):  
M. A. Pasichnyk ◽  
◽  
A. I. Furdychko ◽  
I. I. Gorban ◽  
I. R. Fedun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Group I

There are numerous domestic and foreign studies of periodontal disease in pregnant women, but there are still a number of unresolved issues. The data about the development of periodontal tissue diseases in pregnant women in terms of age is not enough. The purpose of this work was to study the development of periodontal disease in pregnant women in different age groups. Material and methods. A survey of 83 women in the ІІ and ІІІ trimesters of pregnancy, aged 19-45 years, was divided into three groups according to age. Group I (34 people) included pregnant women aged 19-25 years, group II (29 people) had pregnant women aged 26-35 years, group III (20 people) comprised pregnant women aged 36-45 years. Periodontal and hygienic indices were determined to assess the clinical signs of periodontal disease (to assess the clinical signs of periodontal disease, periodontal and hygienic indices were determined (papillary-marginal-alveolar index, degree of bleeding gums, Schiller-Pisarev test, numerical value of Schiller-Pisarev test – Svrakov's number and simplified index of cavity hygiene). Results and discussion. The obtained results indicated a high level of periodontal disease in pregnant women. Periodontal disease was found in 74.7% of subjects. The study found a significant progression of periodontal tissue pathology in pregnant women over 26 years of age, indicating that women in this age group were at significant risk of periodontal disease. The obtained data indicated that the value of the bleeding index was the lowest in pregnant women with periodontal disease of group I, and the highest in women of group III. The value of the PMA index differed 1.3 times (p˂0.05) in pregnant women of groups I and II, 1.2 times (p˂0.05) in women of groups II and III, and 1.5 times (p˂0.05) in pregnant women of groups I and III. In addition, the likelihood of developing periodontal disease increased with age of women. Conclusion. The values of the Svrakov's number had a similar tendency to increase in age groups, as well as the results of the previously described indices. Hygiene in pregnant women of all ages who had periodontal disease was not very good. Thus, special attention should be paid to the timely diagnosis, treatment and prevention of periodontal disease in pregnant women, taking into account their age

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