scholarly journals Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia and prevalence of comorbidities in elderly patient population

2020 ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
Sergey K. Zyryanov ◽  
M.S. Chenkurov ◽  
Marina A. Ivzhits ◽  
Yu.A. Batechko ◽  
E.B. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Enterococcus Spp

Objective. To investigate the mortality rate, comorbidity prevalence, and etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in elderly patient population. Materials and Methods. Hospitalized elderly patients with CAP were distributed into the following age groups: 65–74 years (group I), 75–84 years (group II) and 85–94 years (group III). The patients’ medical records were used for determining comorbidities and mortality rate. In order to determine etiology of CAP, sputum or BAL samples were collected. A total of 171 isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF MS. Results. The mortality rates were 27.1%, 31.5% and 45.7% in age groups I, II, III, respectively. The most common concomitant diseases in all age groups were arterial hypertension (47.4%, 54.6%, and 62.8% for groups I, II, and III, respectively), chronic heart failure (45.7%, 50.9%, and 60.0%, respectively), and coronary heart disease (15.2%, 25.9%, and 24.3%, respectively). The most frequently isolated bacteria by age group were the following: group I – non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB) (7.4%), Enterobacterales (6.6%), S. aureus (6.6%); group II – Enterobacterales (13.9%), S. aureus (5.6%), Enterococcus spp. (5.6%), NFGNB (2.8%); group III – NFGNB (15.4%), S. aureus (7.7%), Enterococcus spp. (7.7%), Enerobacterales (7.7%). Conclusions. The mortality rates in elderly patients with CAP were high and varied from 27.1% in 65–74 years old patients to 45.7% in 85–94 years old patients. The most common comorbidities in all age groups were arterial hypertension (up to 62.8%), chronic heart failure (up to 60%), and coronary heart disease (up to 25.9%). The main pathogens causing CAP in elderly patient population were Enterobacterales and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria.

Reliability of the Mangled Extremity Severity Score in the Management of Peripheral Vascular Injuries in Children: A Retrospective Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mousa ◽  
Ossama M. Zakaria ◽  
Mai A. Elkalla ◽  
Lotfy A. Abdelsattar ◽  
Hamad Al-Game'a
Keyword(s):  
Severity Score ◽  
Vein Graft ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vascular Injuries ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Mangled Extremity ◽  
Group I ◽  
End To End

AbstractThis study was aimed to evaluate different management modalities for peripheral vascular trauma in children, with the aid of the Mangled Extremity Severity Score (MESS). A single-center retrospective analysis took place between 2010 and 2017 at University Hospitals, having emergencies and critical care centers. Different types of vascular repair were adopted by skillful vascular experts and highly trained pediatric surgeons. Patients were divided into three different age groups. Group I included those children between 5 and 10 years; group II involved pediatrics between 11 and 15 years; while children between 16 and 21 years participated in group III. We recruited 183 children with peripheral vascular injuries. They were 87% males and 13% females, with the mean age of 14.72 ± 04. Arteriorrhaphy was performed in 32%; end-to-end anastomosis and natural vein graft were adopted in 40.5 and 49%, respectively. On the other hand, 10.5% underwent bypass surgery. The age groups I and II are highly susceptible to penetrating trauma (p = 0.001), while patients with an extreme age (i.e., group III) are more susceptible to blunt injury (p = 0.001). The MESS has a significant correlation to both age groups I and II (p = 0.001). Vein patch angioplasty and end-to-end primary repair should be adopted as the main treatment options for the repair of extremity vascular injuries in children. Moreover, other treatment modalities, such as repair with autologous vein graft/bypass surgery, may be adopted whenever possible. They are cost-effective, reliable, and simple techniques with fewer postoperative complication, especially in poor/limited resources.

Mortality rates and risk factors for asymptomatic deep vein thrombosis in medical patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (01) ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Leizorovicz ◽  
Alexander Cohen ◽  
Alexander Turpie ◽  
Carl-Gustav Olsson ◽  
Samuel Goldhaber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Compression Ultrasound ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Deep Vein

SummaryThe clinical importance of asymptomatic proximal and distal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) remains uncertain and controversial. The aim of this retrospective,post-hoc analysis was to examine mortality and risk factors for development of proximal DVT in hospitalized patients with acute medical illness who were recruited into a randomized, prospective clinical trial of thromboprophylaxis with dalteparin (PREVENT).We analyzed 1738 patients who had not sustained a symptomatic venous thromboembolic event by Day 21 and who had a complete compression ultrasound of the proximal and distal leg veins on Day 21. We examined the 90-day mortality rates in patients with asymptomatic proximal DVT (Group I, N = 80), asymptomatic distal DVT (Group II, N = 118) or no DVT (Group III, N = 1540).The 90-day mortality rates were 13.75%, 3.39%, and 1.92% for Groups I–III, respectively. The difference in mortality between Group I and Group III was significant (hazard ratio 7.63, 95% CI = 3.8–15.3;p < 0.0001),whereas the difference between Groups II and III did not reach significance (hazard ratio 1.36, 95% CI = 0.41–4.45).The association of asymptomatic proximal DVT with increased mortality remained highly significant after adjusting for differences in baseline demographics and clinical variables. Risk factors significantly associated with the development of proximal DVT included advanced age (p = 0.0005), prior DVT (p = 0.001), and varicose veins (p = 0.04). In conclusion, the high mortality rate in patients with asymptomatic proximal DVT underscores its clinical relevance and supports targeting of asymptomatic proximal DVT as an appropriate endpoint in clinical trials of thromboprophylaxis.

Comparison of Human Thymus Gland between Young and Old Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1907-1909
Author(s):  
Faiza Mehboob ◽  
Ponum Mirani ◽  
M. Kamran Ameer ◽  
Khurram Shabeer ◽  
Muhammad Ali Qamar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Age ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Human Thymus ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: Study was conducted to examine the different parameters of human thymus glands of young and old patients and compare the findings between both age groups. Study Design: Comparative/observational study Place and Study: Study was conducted at Anatomy department of Nishtar Medical University Hospital, Multan for duration of six months from 15th January 2020 to 15th July 2020. Methods: Total 54 specimens of human thymus of 54 patients were enrolled in this study. All specimens were divided in to two groups I and II, Group I contains 27 patients with ages <30 years and group II with 27 patients having ages 45 to 60 years. All specimens were fixed in 10% formalin solution and then processed for paraffin embedding. Compare the different parameters such as thickness of interlobular connective tissue and thymic capsule, length and number of Hassal’s corpuscles between both groups. Data was analyzed by SPSS 24.0. Results: In group I 12 (44.44%) patients were ages <15 years and 15 (55.56%) patients were ages >15 years. In group 13 (48.15%) and 14 (51.85%) patients were ages <50 years and >50 years. There was a significant difference observed between both groups regarding thickness of interlobular connective tissue and thymic capsule, quantity and length of Hassal’s corpuscles with p-value <0.05. Conclusion: It is to be concluded that patients with young age had significantly less thickness of thymic capsule and interlobular connective tissue with more in number and decreasing size of Hassal’s corpuscles as compared to old age patients. Keywords: Human Thymus Glands, Young Age, Old Age

scholarly journals Assessment of intraocular pressure in chinchillas of different age groups using rebound tonometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1466-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flor Diana Yokoay Claros Chacaltana ◽  
João Antonio Tadeu Pigatto ◽  
Ione Terezinha Denardin
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Rebound Tonometer ◽  
Indirect Ophthalmoscopy ◽  
Group I ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to measure the intraocular pressure (IOP) of normal chinchilla eyes using the rebound tonometer. A further aim was to assess whether there were differences in the values of intraocular pressure in relation to animals age, gender and time of day. Thirty-six chinchillas were divided into three groups of 12 chinchillas each, by age: Group I (2-6-month-old), Group II (20 and 34 months) and Group III (37 and 135 months). Ophthalmic examination was performed previously by Schirmer tear test, slit lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein test in all chinchillas. Three measurements of intraocular pressure were assessed on the same day (7, 12 and 19h). Tonometry was performed on both eyes using the rebound tonometer after calibration in "p" mode. Statistical analysis was performed with SigmaPlot for Windows. The mean IOP for groups I, II and III were 2.47±0.581mmHg, 2.47±0.581mmHg and 2.51±0.531mmHg, respectively. No significant differences were reported between age and IOP and no significant differences were reported between the time of day and IOP. The IOP in chinchillas did not differ significantly between genders or ages of the animals, and did not change with time of day.

EFFECTS OF BIOLOGICAL THERAPY ON QUALITY OF LIFE AND PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2610-2613
Author(s):  
Antonina V. Varvarynets
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Biological Therapy ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Nonspecific Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Social Introversion

The aim: To compare the effects of tofacitinib, adalimumab and budesonide on the quality of life and psychoemotional status of patients with moderate UC. Materials and methods: The study included 104 patients with moderately severe UC aged between 18 and 75 years old. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Group I consisted of patients with UC treated with budesonide 9 mg 1 g / d (BUD; n = 34). Group II – of patients receiving adalimumab at an initial dose of 160 mg and 80 mg at week 2, followed by maintenance dose of 40 mg weekly (ADA; n = 38) and group III, who received tofacitinib 10 mg 2p / d (TOF; n = 32). Evaluation of quality of life and psycho-emotional status of patients was performed using IBDQ, SF-36 and MMRI questionnaires. Results: According to the IBDQ-questionnaire, all groups after treatment had a statistically significant increase in their results: BUD (from 146,44 ± 2,23 to 151,36 ± 2,40), ADA (from 144,28 ± 3,10 to 172,36 ± 3,12), TOF (from 149,22 ± 2, 86 to 184.36 ± 2.88), respectively, p <0.05. Also, after treatment statistically significant changes were seen in patients of all groups in regards to the psychological and physical components of the SF-36 scale. Analysis of the personality profile using MMRI of all groups of patients showed a change in scales 2 (depression), 3 (hysteria), 5 (tenderness-femininity), 6 (paranoia) and 0 (social introversion), which significantly improved in the ADA and TOF groups. Conclusions: Tofacitinib and adalimumab in patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis of moderate severity had a better effect on quality of life and psychoemotional status compared with budesonide treatment.

A note on the effect of weaning age on lamb production

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-572
Author(s):  
M. A. Sharafeldin ◽  
I. A. Ramadan
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rates ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARYAt birth, the Barki lambs used in this experiment were randomly allocated to three groups which numbered 133, 126 and 154 lambs of both sexes weaned at the ages of 10 weeks (Group I), 12 weeks (Group II) and 16 weeks (Group III) respectively.The most pronounced differences between the three groups of lambs in their body weights took place at the age from 4 to 6 months. Group II lambs performed as well as or even slightly better than the other two groups, which leads to the conclusion that as far as the body weight of lambs is concerned there is no need to extend their suckling period more than 12 weeks.The three groups of lambs varied little in their mortality rates from 2·5 to 12 months of age.

RESULTS OF MONITORING OF REPEATED DISABILITY DUE TO THYROID CANCER IN THE ADULT POPULATION IN MOSCOW

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
G.E. Pogosyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Disability Group ◽  
Group Ii

Among socially significant diseases that are characterized by high prevalence rates, malignant neoplasms occupy the leading positions. Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm of the endocrine system. Purpose of the study. Analysis of recurrent disability due to thyroid cancer in the adult population in Moscow (2015–2019). Materials and research methods. The structure of repeated disability due to thyroid cancer by sex, age and disability group was studied. The dynamics of the number of the PPI contingent was traced and the level of repeated disability due to this pathology was determined. The number of observations was 4660 PPI. Research results. It was found that in the structure of repeated disability due to thyroid cancer, women predominated by gender. The trend towards an increase in the number of PPI took place in all major age groups of the adult population. The prevalence of PPI with group III disability, the proportion of which was 66.0% (PPI with group II – 32.5%, PPI with group I – 1.5%). The visibility indicator in 2019 in relation to 2015 (taken as 100%) was equal in the general contingent of PPI among disabled people of group I – 142.9%, group II – 374.1%, group III – 249.3% ...

Prenatal gross morphometrical studies on spleen with special reference to prediction of foetal age in Surti goat (Capra hircus)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra Chaurasia ◽  
R. Menaka ◽  
Thakur Krishna Shankar Rao ◽  
K.K. Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Length Width

A study was conducted to elucidate the topographic location and morphometry of the spleen in 30 Surti goat foetuses at different stages of their development ranging from 44 to 144 days (4.0 to 41.0 cm CRL). On the basis of CR length, the foetuses were divided into three age groups viz., group-I (4.0 to 11.6 cm CRL), group-II (12.2 to 26.8 cm CRL) and group-III (27.2 to 41.0 cm CRL). Special attempt has been made to fit prediction equation (stepwise regression) for estimation of approximate age of Surti goat foetuses by using splenic biometrics. The developing spleen was observed at the age of 44 days (4.0 cm CRL) in abdominal cavity close to the stomach. The shape of spleen was roughly quadrilateral in all age groups. The various spleen measurements viz., length, width, thickness, volume and weight increases in dimensions during different stages of development and all the changes were highly significant (P less than 0.01). The mean relative weight of spleen was maximum (0.15%) in group-III. Among splenic parameters, the length of spleen was found most important variable; which could be used for estimation of age using stepwise regression (R2 = 0.97) model in Surti goat foetuses.

Maturation and Fecundity of Brook Trout from Infertile Streams

1966 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Wydoski ◽  
Edwin L. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Group I ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
Curvilinear Regression

The reproductive rate of brook trout populations from infertile Pennsylvania streams was determined. The standing crops for eight streams varied between 14 and 41 lb/acre. Trout in age-groups 0 through III were found to grow slowly with very few individuals reaching a total length of 6 inches.The seasonal development of ova was determined by measuring all ova larger than 0.2 mm from selected females. The maturing ova of most females of age-groups II and III increased in diameter from 0.9 mm in February to 1.0 mm in June, 1.75 mm in July, 2.5 mm in August, 3.0 mm in September, and 4.0 mm in October. Maturing females could be distinguished from immature females by late August or early September on the basis of ova diameters. The mean diameter of ripe ova from 67 females was 4.05 mm with a range between 3.37 and 5.01 mm for individual trout ranging from 4.6 to 8.6 inches total length.The relationship between the number of mature ova and the total length of the female for one population was described by a curvilinear regression (log Y = −0.5361 + 3.23 log X, where Y = number of eggs, and X = the total length of the fish) for brook trout between 3.6 inches (18 eggs) and 7.7 inches (213 eggs). Variation in this relationship existed among streams.Ova production was estimated as 9050 ova per acre for one population and 13,620 ova per acre for another. Age-group-I females contributed approximately 9% of this production; age-group-II females, 54%; and age-group-III females, 37%. An ecological life table was constructed for two populations comparing rates of survival, age-specific fecundity rates, and reproductive rates.

scholarly journals Determination of Maxillary Incisal Edge Position using Canine Visibility as a Guide – An In vivo Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Ankita Piplani ◽  
G. Ganadhipathi ◽  
M. C. Suresh Sajjan
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Adhesive Tape ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Incisal Edge ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Purpose:  To evaluate the reliability of the visibility of the central incisor & the canine for the cervico incisal positioning of anterior maxillary teeth related to age & sex while the upper lip was in repose in dentate patients & the development of rehabilitation recommendations for edentulous individuals with regard to the location of the maxillary incisal edge Methodology: 308 subjects [152 Males & 156 Females] belonging to the age of 30 to 59 years were selected using a simple stratified random technique. There were three age and sex groups: Group I was 30 to 39 years old, Group II was 40 to 49 years old, and Group III was 50 to 59 years old. The vertical distances (in mm) between the lower border of the upper lip and the right maxillary central incisal edge and canine tip were measured and recorded using adhesive tape marked with millimetres. A single examiner recorded all the measurements and the values were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Men in Groups I and II had maxillary central incisor exposure ranging from +6 to -1mm, whereas males in Group III had exposure ranging from +5 to -2mm. There was an exposure range of +6 to -2 mm in females in Group I, +7 to -2 mm in Group II, and +5 to -2 mm in Group III for the central incisors. While the canine exposure in Group I and II and Group III ranged from +2 to -4mm in females, the exposure ranged from +3 to -3mm in men of all ages. In all groups, females had statistically significant (P0.05) more central incisor and canine exposure than men. Conclusions: The canine visibility was less variable in all the age groups and in both males and females in comparison to the central incisor. When restoring edentulous individuals, the average canine exposure dimension can be employed for cervico-incisal location of the anterior maxillary teeth.

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