scholarly journals Croup: A Rare Manifestation of Coronavirus Disease 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. e65-e67
Author(s):  
H. C. Krishna Kumar ◽  
K. Jagadish Kumar ◽  
Shaarangdhar Nadagoud ◽  
Manjunath VG
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Young Infant ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Acute Viral Infection ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Rare Manifestation

AbstractCroup is an acute inflammatory condition affecting upper airways and commonly seen in children with younger age group. Croup is most commonly due to acute viral infection and rarely because of bacterial and atypical agents. Here, we report a 3-month-old child who presented to us with classic signs and symptoms of croup and was also positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Child's mother also tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting with stridor and croup is very rare and probably represents a new manifestation which should be considered in a young infant presenting with croup.

scholarly journals A computational analysis on Covid-19 transmission raises imuuno-epidemiology concerns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony M. Kyriakopoulos ◽  
Shi Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Infected Population ◽  
Younger Age

AbstractFor Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) the investigation of the heterogeneity of individual infectiousness becomes important due to the cross reactive immunity of general population. Using a sample of infected population with SARS-COV-2 in close geographical proximity to the initial Severe Advanced Respiratory Syndrome-1 (SARS-1) outbreak, we explored the association between infector’s age and dispersion (or heterogeneity) of individual infectiousness (k) in order to investigate the relatedness with the age of an individual’s capability to disperse SARS-COV-2. Interestingly, we find a negative association between k and increase of infector’s age. Significantly this becomes more evident for the age group of 20-60 years comparing with the infectors with younger age. This raises important immuno-epidemiology concerns for effectiveness of public health measures to contain the disease.One Sentence SummaryDispersion of Coronavirus Disease-19 in China differed with age.

scholarly journals INCIDENCE AND AETIOLOGY OF GASTROINTESTINAL PERFORATION: A HOSPITAL BASED PROSPECTIVE STUDY.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shwetabh Pradhan ◽  
Abhinav Bisht ◽  
Abhijit Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Early Recognition ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Perforation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Key Words Gastrointestinal

Objectives: This study was to evaluate the incidence and various aetilogical factors in patients of gastrointestinal perforation. Methods: A detail history clinical examinations and relevant investigations were performed to all cases of gastrointestinal perforation. A total of 50 patients of gastrointestinal perforation with age group 0 to 80 years were enrolled. Patients were included on the presenting signs and symptoms like pain, vomiting, distension, alteration of bowel habits, fever, h/o loss of appetite and weight, dyspnoea and duration of illness. Clinical examination was followed by haematological, biochemical and radiological investigations were performed to all cases of gastrointestinal perforation. Results: Data was analysed by using SPSS version 26 software. All data was tabulated and percentages were calculated. One sample t test was applied. Mean and standard deviation were observed. P value was taken less than or equal to 0.05 for significant differences. Conclusions: Gastrointestinal perforation was commonly seen in younger age group. Ileum was the most common site for gastrointestinal perforation. Enteric fever and drugs were the most common aetiological factors of gastrointestinal perforation. Hence, awareness, early recognition of symptoms and referral of patients to hospital is very important for prevention and management of gastrointestinal perforation. Key words: gastrointestinal perforation, aetiological factors, age, sex

Breast carcinoma in young females below the age of 35 years - histopathological and prognostic significance

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
D Ghartimagar ◽  
A Ghosh ◽  
OP Talwar ◽  
R Narasimhan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Group Grade

Background: Breast cancers rarely occur in young women but are known to have more aggressive behaviors and poorer outcome. We here compare the significance of breast carcinoma in female below the age of 35 to the age over 35 whose specimens were submitted to Manipal teaching hospital, Pokhara. Materials and Methods: All cases of mastectomy with carcinoma from January 2000 to September 2011 were included in the study. Clinical and histopathological datas of all cases were reviewed and collated. Results: A total of 148 mastectomy specimens were received, among which, 23 cases (16%) were below 35 years; whereas 125 cases (84%) were above 35 years of age. In both groups, Stage II was the commonest stage but stage III was much more common in older group (33% versus 9%) and stage I was more common in younger age group (39% versus 27%). Bloom Richardson grading showed that in the older age group, grade 1 is the commonest grade (50%) while in the younger group; grade 3 is the commonest (39%). Patients were followed for a varying period of 6 months to 5 years. Two cases (2% of followed up cases) in older group and 3 cases (15% of followed up cases) in the younger group showed recurrence. Conclusion: Breast carcinoma in the patients younger than 35 years though presented at an early stage has higher grade tumor and poorer outcome. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v2i3.6021 JPN 2012; 2(3): 198-202

Dynamics of the Cytotoxic T Cell Response to a Model of Acute Viral Infection

immuneACCESS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
WS DeWitt ◽  
RO Emerson ◽  
P Lindau ◽  
M Vignali ◽  
TM Snyder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cell ◽  
Acute Viral Infection

Possible Targets and Therapies of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 1900-1907
Author(s):  
Kasturi Sarkar ◽  
Parames C. Sil ◽  
Seyed Fazel Nabavi ◽  
Ioana Berindan-Neagoe ◽  
Cosmin Andrei Cismaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Repurposed Drugs

The global spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19 has become a source of grave medical and socioeconomic concern to human society. Since its first appearance in the Wuhan region of China in December 2019, the most effective measures of managing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been social distancing and lockdown of human activity; the level of which has not been seen in our generations. Effective control of the viral infection and COVID-19 will ultimately depend on the development of either a vaccine or therapeutic agents. This article highlights the progresses made so far in these strategies by assessing key targets associated with the viral replication cycle. The key viral proteins and enzymes that could be targeted by new and repurposed drugs are discussed.

Clinical evaluation of Kasisadi Ghrita local application in Parikartika (Fissure-in-ano)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamta Gopalrao Mate ◽  
D. N. Farande ◽  
Vinay M. Pandey ◽  
Snehal Kukade
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Study Trial ◽  
Local Application ◽  
Trial Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Fissure In Ano

Background: Parikartika is characterized by sharp cutting pain in anal regionIn Parikartika, Teevrashoola, bleeding is seen, similarly severe pain and slimy blood discharge are seen in Fissure-in-ano. Objective: To assess the efficiency of Kasisadi Ghruta local application in the management of fissure-in-ano. Methods: The patient having classical signs and symptoms of Parikartika (fissure in ano) having Age group 20 to 60 years were recruited for the study. Trial group was treated with Kasisadi Ghruta twice a day local application for 28 days. Results: Average relief observed was 62.5% in most of symptoms. Kasisadi Ghruta is having Shothahara, Vedanasthapana and Ropana properties due to which it helps in healing of fissure in ano. Conclusion: Kasisadi Ghruta local application is having better results in fissure-in-ano.

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Palash Mula Arka in Pittaja Netrabhishyanda.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuwaraj D. Kale ◽  
Sarika Choure
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Burning Sensation ◽  
Trial Group ◽  
Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Conjunctival Hyperemia ◽  
Bacterial Conjunctivitis ◽  
Body Sensation ◽  
Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis

Abhishyanda is one of the Sarvagata Vyadhi mentioned by Acharya Sushruta. In modern science, signs and symptoms of Netrabhishyanda may be correlated with conjunctivitis, which is the inflammatory condition of conjunctiva. Kavala Dharana, Dhumrapana, Aschyotana, Sechana Putapaka etc. are various suggested regimens in Ayurvedic texts for the treatment of Netrabhishyanda. Considering this effectiveness of Palasha as mentioned by Acharya Sushruta, it is planned to study the use of Palasha Mula Arka Aschyotana in Pittaja Netrabhishyanda. 60 patients having classical signs and symptoms of Pittaja Abhishyanda (Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis) as per Ayurvedic and modern texts were selected for the study. After completion of therapy, mean Conjunctival hyperemia was reduced to 0.2167 ± 0.4086 in Control and 0.5667 ± 0.5040 in Trial Group. Palasha Mula Arka was found effective in reduction in conjunctival hyperemia, watering and the number of culture colonies, it was also found effective in burning sensation, discharge, foreign body sensation and photophobia.

scholarly journals Even Pacing Is Associated with Faster Finishing Times in Ultramarathon Distance Trail Running—The “Ultra-Trail du Mont Blanc” 2008–2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Suter ◽  
Caio Victor Sousa ◽  
Lee Hill ◽  
Volker Scheer ◽  
Pantelis Theo Nikolaidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Linear Model ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Pacing Strategies ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trail Running ◽  
One Way Anova

In recent years, there has been an increasing number of investigations analyzing the effects of sex, performance level, and age on pacing in various running disciplines. However, little is known about the impact of those factors on pacing strategies in ultramarathon trail running. This study investigated the effects of age, sex, and performance level on pacing in the UTMB® (Ultra-trail du Mont Blanc) and aimed to verify previous findings obtained in the research on other running disciplines and other ultramarathon races. Data from the UTMB® from 2008 to 2019 for 13,829 race results (12,681 men and 1148 women) were analyzed. A general linear model (two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)) was applied to identify a sex, age group, and interaction effect in pace average and pace variation. A univariate model (one-way ANOVA) was used to identify a sex effect for age, pace average, and pace variation for the fastest men and women. In our study, pace average and a steadier pace were positively correlated. Even pacing throughout the UTMB® correlated with faster finishing times. The average pace depended significantly on sex and age group. When considering the top five athletes in each age group, sex and age group also had significant effects on pace variation. The fastest women were older than the fastest men, and the fastest men were faster than the fastest women. Women had a higher pace variation than men. In male competitors, younger age may be advantageous for a successful finish of the UTMB®. Faster male runners seemed to be younger in ultramarathon trail running with large changes in altitude when compared to other distances and terrains.

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