Expression Patterns of CRH, CRH Receptors, and CRH Binding Protein in Human Gestational Tissue at Term

2003 ◽  
Vol 111 (03) ◽  
pp. 154-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wetzka ◽  
B. Sehringer ◽  
W. Schäfer ◽  
S. Biller ◽  
C. Hör ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Protein ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Crh Receptors

scholarly journals Roles of the GA-mediated SPL Gene Family and miR156 in the Floral Development of Chinese Chestnut (Castanea mollissima)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guosong Chen ◽  
Jingtong Li ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Yuerong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein ◽  
Spl Genes ◽  
Castanea Mollissima

Chestnut (Castanea mollissima) is a deciduous tree species with major economic and ecological value that is widely used in the study of floral development in woody plants due its monoecious and out-of-proportion characteristics. Squamosa promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) is a plant-specific transcription factor that plays an important role in floral development. In this study, a total of 18 SPL genes were identified in the chestnut genome, of which 10 SPL genes have complementary regions of CmmiR156. An analysis of the phylogenetic tree of the squamosa promoter-binding protein (SBP) domains of the SPL genes of Arabidopsis thaliana, Populus trichocarpa, and C. mollissima divided these SPL genes into eight groups. The evolutionary relationship between poplar and chestnut in the same group was similar. A structural analysis of the protein-coding regions (CDSs) showed that the domains have the main function of SBP domains and that other domains also play an important role in determining gene function. The expression patterns of CmmiR156 and CmSPLs in different floral organs of chestnut were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR. Some CmSPLs with similar structural patterns showed similar expression patterns, indicating that the gene structures determine the synergy of the gene functions. The application of gibberellin (GA) and its inhibitor (Paclobutrazol, PP333) to chestnut trees revealed that these exert a significant effect on the number and length of the male and female chestnut flowers. GA treatment significantly increased CmmiR156 expression and thus significantly decreased the expression of its target gene, CmSPL6/CmSPL9/CmSPL16, during floral bud development. This finding indicates that GA might indirectly affect the expression of some of the SPL target genes through miR156. In addition, RNA ligase-mediated rapid amplification of the 5′ cDNA ends (RLM-RACE) experiments revealed that CmmiR156 cleaves CmSPL9 and CmSPL16 at the 10th and 12th bases of the complementary region. These results laid an important foundation for further study of the biological function of CmSPLs in the floral development of C. mollissima.

scholarly journals Embryonic Poly(A)-Binding Protein Stimulates Translation in Germ Cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 2060-2071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin S. Wilkie ◽  
Philippe Gautier ◽  
Diane Lawson ◽  
Nicola K. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
General Role ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Relative Divergence

ABSTRACT The function of poly(A)-binding protein 1 (PABP1) in poly(A)-mediated translation has been extensively characterized. Recently, Xenopus laevis oocytes and early embryos were shown to contain a novel poly(A)-binding protein, ePABP, which has not been described in other organisms. ePABP was identified as a protein that binds AU-rich sequences and prevents shortening of poly(A) tails. Here, we show that ePABP is also expressed in X. laevis testis, suggesting a more general role for ePABP in gametogenesis. We find that ePABP is conserved throughout vertebrates and that mouse and X. laevis cells have similar tissue-specific ePABP expression patterns. Furthermore, we directly assess the role of ePABP in translation. We show that ePABP is associated with polysomes and can activate the translation of reporter mRNAs in vivo. Despite its relative divergence from PABP1, we find that ePABP has similar functional domains and can bind to several PABP1 partners, suggesting that they may use similar mechanisms to activate translation. In addition, we find that PABP1 and ePABP can interact, suggesting that these proteins may be bound simultaneously to the same mRNA. Finally, we show that the activity of both PABP1 and ePABP increases during oocyte maturation, when many mRNAs undergo polyadenylation.

Cloning, molecular characterization, and expression analysis of several red clover cDNAs

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-468
Author(s):  
Michael L. Sullivan ◽  
Sharon L. Thoma
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Model Legume ◽  
Gene Set ◽  
Wide Range

To begin gathering information regarding nucleotide sequence similarity between red clover genes and other plant species, especially the model legume Medicago truncatula, several random red clover cDNAs were sequenced. The analyzed cDNAs included genes encoding actin; several proteins involved in photosynthesis including PsaH, PsbR, PsbX, early light-induced protein (ELIP), ferredoxin, chlorophyll a/b binding protein; fructose-bisphosphate aldolase;chloroplastic superoxide dismutase; and GTP-binding protein typA. The gene set had a median sequence identity of 92% with their counterparts from M. truncatula, suggesting its available genomics tools can be applied to red clover. An expression analysis of the gene set in various red clover tissues indicates the genes show a wide range of expression patterns. Consequently, this set of cDNAs and associated data are proving useful as controls in molecular genetic experiments involving red clover. Key words: Red clover, Trifolium pratense, Medicago truncatula, forage legume, genomics, inquiry-based learning

scholarly journals Small Bowel Adenocarcinomas Featuring Special AT-Rich Sequence-Binding Protein 2 (SATB2) Expression and a Colorectal Cancer-Like Immunophenotype: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3441
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Neri ◽  
Giovanni Arpa ◽  
Camilla Guerini ◽  
Federica Grillo ◽  
Marco Vincenzo Lenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfall ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
The Difference

Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) is a transcription factor expressed by colonic cryptic epithelium and epithelial neoplasms of the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract, as well as by small bowel adenocarcinomas (SBAs), though at a lower rate. Nevertheless, up to now, only small SBA series, often including a very limited number of Crohn’s disease-associated SBAs (CrD-SBAs) and celiac disease-associated SBAs (CD-SBA), have been investigated for SATB2 expression. We evaluated the expression of SATB2 and other GI phenotypic markers (cytokeratin (CK) 7 and CK20, caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2) and alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR)), as well as mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, in 100 SBAs, encompassing 34 CrD-SBAs, 28 CD-SBAs and 38 sporadic cases (Spo-SBAs). Any mutual association and correlation with other clinico-pathologic features, including patient prognosis, were searched. Twenty (20%) SATB2-positive SBAs (4 CrD-SBAs, 7 CD-SBAs and 9 Spo-SBAs) were identified. The prevalence of SATB2 positivity was lower in CrD-SBA (12%) in comparison with both CD-SBAs (25%) and Spo-SBAs (24%). Interestingly, six SBAs (two CD-SBAs and four Spo-SBAs) displayed a full colorectal carcinoma (CRC)-like immunoprofile (CK7−/CK20+/CDX2+/AMACR+/SATB2+); none of them was a CrD-SBA. No association between SATB2 expression and MMR status was observed. Although SATB2-positive SBA patients showed a more favorable outcome in comparison with SATB2-negative ones, the difference did not reach statistical significance. When cancers were stratified according to CK7/CK20 expression patterns, we found that CK7−/CK20- SBAs were enriched with MMR-deficient cases (71%) and patients with CK7−/CK20− or CK7−/CK20+ SBAs had a significantly better survival rate compared to those with CK7+/CK20− or CK7+/CK20+ cancers (p = 0.002). To conclude, we identified a small (6%) subset of SBAs featuring a full CRC-like immunoprofile, representing a potential diagnostic pitfall in attempts to identify the site of origin of neoplasms of unknown primary site. In contrast with data on colorectal carcinoma, SATB2 expression is not associated with MMR status in SBAs. CK patterns influence patient survival, as CK7−/CK20− cancers show better prognosis, a behavior possibly due to the high rate of MMR-deficient SBAs within this subgroup.

scholarly journals Aberrant Exon 8/8a Splicing by Downregulated PTBP (Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein) 1 Increases Ca V 1.2 Dihydropyridine Resistance to Attenuate Vasodilation

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 2440-2453
Author(s):  
Jianzhen Lei ◽  
Xiaoxin Liu ◽  
Miaomiao Song ◽  
Yingying Zhou ◽  
Jia Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blocker ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Polypyrimidine Tract ◽  
Polypyrimidine Tract Binding ◽  
Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein

Objective: Calcium channel blockers, such as dihydropyridines, are commonly used to inhibit enhanced activity of vascular Ca V 1.2 channels in hypertension. However, patients who are insensitive to such treatments develop calcium channel blocker-resistant hypertension. The function of Ca V 1.2 channel is diversified by alternative splicing, and the splicing factor PTBP (polypyrimidine tract-binding protein) 1 influences the utilization of mutually exclusive exon 8/8a of the Ca V 1.2 channel during neuronal development. Nevertheless, whether and how PTBP1 makes a role in the calcium channel blocker sensitivity of vascular Ca V 1.2 channels, and calcium channel blocker-induced vasodilation remains unknown. Approach and Results: We detected high expression of PTBP1 and, inversely, low expression of exon 8a in Ca V 1.2 channels (Ca V 1.2 E8a ) in rat arteries. In contrast, the opposite expression patterns were observed in brain and heart tissues. In comparison to normotensive rats, the expressions of PTBP1 and Ca V 1.2 E8a channels were dysregulated in mesenteric arteries of hypertensive rats. Notably, PTBP1 expression was significantly downregulated, and Ca V 1.2 E8a channels were aberrantly increased in dihydropyridine-resistant arteries compared with dihydropyridine-sensitive arteries of rats and human. In rat vascular smooth muscle cells, PTBP1 knockdown resulted in shifting of Ca V 1.2 exon 8 to 8a. Using patch-clamp recordings, we demonstrated a concomitant reduction of sensitivity of Ca V 1.2 channels to nifedipine, due to the higher expression of Ca V 1.2 E8a isoform. In vascular myography experiments, small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of PTBP1 attenuated nifedipine-induced vasodilation of rat mesenteric arteries. Conclusions: PTBP1 finely modulates the sensitivities of Ca V 1.2 channels to dihydropyridine by shifting the utilization of exon 8/8a and resulting in changes of responses in dihydropyridine-induced vasodilation.

scholarly journals SQUAMOSA Promoter Binding Protein-Like (SPL) Gene Family: TRANSCRIPTOME-Wide Identification, Phylogenetic Relationship, Expression Patterns and Network Interaction Analysis in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Shaokun Li ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Yang Jiang ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Honghua Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein ◽  
Expression Characteristics ◽  
Spl Gene

SPL (SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like) gene family is specific transcription factor in the plant that have an important function for plant growth and development. Although the SPL gene family has been widely studied and reported in many various plant species from gymnosperm to angiosperm, there are no systematic studies and reports about the SPL gene family in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. In this study, we conducted transcriptome-wide identification, evolutionary analysis, structure analysis, and expression characteristics analysis of SPL gene family in Panax ginseng by bioinformatics. We annotated the PgSPL gene family and found that they might involve in multiple functions including encoding structural proteins, but the main function were still focused on the binding function. The result showed that 106 PgSPL transcripts were classified into two clades - A and B, both of which respectively consisted of three groups. Besides, we profiled PgSPL transcripts’ genotypic, temporal, and spatial expression characteristics. Furthermore, we calculated the correlation of PgSPL transcripts in the 14 tissues of a 4 years old ginseng and 42 farmers’ cultivars farmers’ cultivars of 4 years old ginsengs’ roots with both results showing that SPL transcripts formed a single network, which indicated that PgSPLs inter-coordinated when performing their functions. What’s more, we found that most PgSPL transcripts tended to express in older ginseng instead of younger ginseng, which was not only reflected in the expression of more types of SPL transcripts in older ginseng, but also in the higher expression of SPL transcripts in older ginseng. Additionally, we found that four PgSPL transcripts were only massively expressed in roots. According to PgSPL transcripts’ expression characteristics, we found that PgSPL23-35 and PgSPL24-09 were most proper two transcripts to further study as ginseng age’s molecular marker. These results provide the basis for further elucidation of the PgSPL transcripts’ biological function in ginseng and ginseng genetics improvement and gene breeding in the future.

scholarly journals mRNA expression profiles for corticotrophin-releasing hormone, urocortin, CRH-binding protein and CRH receptors in human term gestational tissues determined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Sehringer ◽  
HP Zahradnik ◽  
M Simon ◽  
R Ziegler ◽  
C Noethling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Gestational Tissues ◽  
Crh Receptors

Increasing maternal plasma levels of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) during the last weeks of pregnancy suggest that this stress hormone plays an important role in the control of human parturition. Little is known about the quantitative contribution of gestational tissues (other than placenta) to intrauterine formation of CRH, urocortin and CRH-binding protein (CRH-BP), or about the distribution of CRH receptors within the uterus. We have investigated the mRNA expression of CRH, urocortin, CRH-BP and CRH receptors 1 and 2 (CRH-R1 and -R2) in gestational tissues by real-time RT-PCR. Placenta, myometrium and choriodecidua were collected after uncomplicated pregnancies at term, before the onset of labour. Distribution of CRH-R1 and CRH-R2 protein was also investigated by immunostaining with receptor subtype-specific antibodies. The placenta was identified as the main site of CRH and CRH-BP mRNA expression, displaying mRNA levels >1000 and >20 times higher than those found in the myometrium and choriodecidua respectively (P<0.05 in each case). mRNA expression of urocortin was low in all tissues investigated. Myometrium and choriodecidua expressed relevant amounts of both receptor subtypes, whereas the CRH receptor population in placenta consisted mainly of CRH-R2. The high expression of CRH in placenta and the substantial expression of CRH receptors in choriodecidua and myometrium suggested that CRH derived from placenta exerts direct or indirect actions on these tissues. Neither CRH produced by myometrium or choriodecidua nor urocortin from other intrauterine sources seem to play a major role in the control of labour.

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