Corporate Structure and Corporate Change in a Local Economy: The Case of Bristol

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 879-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Corporate Structure ◽  
Corporate Growth ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Corporate Change ◽  
Local Impacts ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, I focus upon the role of large multinational corporations in the restructuring of local economies, using Bristol as a study area. In the first part of the paper, I concentrate upon the impact of the current recession on the city's manufacturing sector. The major local employers are identified and the pattern of corporate ownership and control discussed. An attempt is then made to trace out the impacts of different forms of corporate change during the period 1978–1982. In the second part of the paper, I concentrate on one large multinational corporation which has long associations with the Bristol area, and trace some of the local impacts of different phases of corporate growth over a longer time period. This paper is only a preliminary to a deeper and more wide-ranging analysis of the local economy, and, in the conclusions, I identify various lines of further inquiry.

scholarly journals How Venture Capital Influences High-tech Enterprises’ IPO: External Factors versus Internal Growth

CONVERTER ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 84-99
Author(s):  
Hui Wu, Yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Symmetric Information ◽  
Corporate Growth ◽  
Matching Degree ◽  
Investment Experience ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

There is huge potential for China to transform and upgrade its traditional manufacturing sector, and high-tech enterprises in manufacturing industries stand out. This study contributes to the literature on how venture capital affects technology-based Enterprises’ IPO by evaluating the characters between the two parties.  According to the symmetric information theory, certification theory and enterprise property rights theory, the first round of risk financing enterprises from 2010 to 2019 is taken as a research sample to empirically analyze the impact of venture capital and corporate growth on firm listing events. The results show that the investment experience of venture capital institutions, when matched appropriately to firms’ specific growth, will facilitate and accelerate the IPO process. Thus the matching degree between the two are significantly positively related to the company's IPO. Under the premise of low growth of the company, venture capital has a significant impact on the listing of the company. As the growth of the company increases, the impact of venture capital on the listing of the company is gradually reduced. Venture capital institutions with overseas backgrounds are more inclined to promote the IPO of invested international companies. Finally, we discuss the implications based on the results of the empirical analysis, and make suggestions for venture capital institutions and companies.

scholarly journals Topics, Trends, and Sentiments of Tweets About the COVID-19 Pandemic: Temporal Infoveillance Study

10.2196/22624 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. e22624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranganathan Chandrasekaran ◽  
Vikalp Mehta ◽  
Tejali Valkunde ◽  
Evangelos Moustakas
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
English Language ◽  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Background With restrictions on movement and stay-at-home orders in place due to the COVID-19 pandemic, social media platforms such as Twitter have become an outlet for users to express their concerns, opinions, and feelings about the pandemic. Individuals, health agencies, and governments are using Twitter to communicate about COVID-19. Objective The aims of this study were to examine key themes and topics of English-language COVID-19–related tweets posted by individuals and to explore the trends and variations in how the COVID-19–related tweets, key topics, and associated sentiments changed over a period of time from before to after the disease was declared a pandemic. Methods Building on the emergent stream of studies examining COVID-19–related tweets in English, we performed a temporal assessment covering the time period from January 1 to May 9, 2020, and examined variations in tweet topics and sentiment scores to uncover key trends. Combining data from two publicly available COVID-19 tweet data sets with those obtained in our own search, we compiled a data set of 13.9 million English-language COVID-19–related tweets posted by individuals. We use guided latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to infer themes and topics underlying the tweets, and we used VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary and sEntiment Reasoner) sentiment analysis to compute sentiment scores and examine weekly trends for 17 weeks. Results Topic modeling yielded 26 topics, which were grouped into 10 broader themes underlying the COVID-19–related tweets. Of the 13,937,906 examined tweets, 2,858,316 (20.51%) were about the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and markets, followed by spread and growth in cases (2,154,065, 15.45%), treatment and recovery (1,831,339, 13.14%), impact on the health care sector (1,588,499, 11.40%), and governments response (1,559,591, 11.19%). Average compound sentiment scores were found to be negative throughout the examined time period for the topics of spread and growth of cases, symptoms, racism, source of the outbreak, and political impact of COVID-19. In contrast, we saw a reversal of sentiments from negative to positive for prevention, impact on the economy and markets, government response, impact on the health care industry, and treatment and recovery. Conclusions Identification of dominant themes, topics, sentiments, and changing trends in tweets about the COVID-19 pandemic can help governments, health care agencies, and policy makers frame appropriate responses to prevent and control the spread of the pandemic.

The Impact of Family Involvement on the R&D Intensity of Publicly Traded Firms

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Muñoz-Bullón ◽  
Maria J. Sanchez-Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Family Involvement ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Time Horizon ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of family involvement in ownership and control on firms’ R&D intensity, relying on panel data on publicly held firms in Canada over the 2004 to 2009 time period. The literature on the link between family firms and R&D is unclear: although some characteristics may promote R&D intensity in family firms, others factors may have a negative effect. Thus, the authors propose a theoretical framework whereby differences in R&D intensity between family and nonfamily firms are explained based on key conditions, including time horizon, agency costs, resource endowment, or risk-taking behavior. The findings of this study show that publicly traded family firms in Canada record lower R&D intensity compared with nonfamily firms and, therefore, support one side of the previous literature over the other.

scholarly journals Topics, Trends, and Sentiments of Tweets About the COVID-19 Pandemic: Temporal Infoveillance Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranganathan Chandrasekaran ◽  
Vikalp Mehta ◽  
Tejali Valkunde ◽  
Evangelos Moustakas
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
English Language ◽  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND With restrictions on movement and stay-at-home orders in place due to the COVID-19 pandemic, social media platforms such as Twitter have become an outlet for users to express their concerns, opinions, and feelings about the pandemic. Individuals, health agencies, and governments are using Twitter to communicate about COVID-19. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to examine key themes and topics of English-language COVID-19–related tweets posted by individuals and to explore the trends and variations in how the COVID-19–related tweets, key topics, and associated sentiments changed over a period of time from before to after the disease was declared a pandemic. METHODS Building on the emergent stream of studies examining COVID-19–related tweets in English, we performed a temporal assessment covering the time period from January 1 to May 9, 2020, and examined variations in tweet topics and sentiment scores to uncover key trends. Combining data from two publicly available COVID-19 tweet data sets with those obtained in our own search, we compiled a data set of 13.9 million English-language COVID-19–related tweets posted by individuals. We use guided latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to infer themes and topics underlying the tweets, and we used VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary and sEntiment Reasoner) sentiment analysis to compute sentiment scores and examine weekly trends for 17 weeks. RESULTS Topic modeling yielded 26 topics, which were grouped into 10 broader themes underlying the COVID-19–related tweets. Of the 13,937,906 examined tweets, 2,858,316 (20.51%) were about the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and markets, followed by spread and growth in cases (2,154,065, 15.45%), treatment and recovery (1,831,339, 13.14%), impact on the health care sector (1,588,499, 11.40%), and governments response (1,559,591, 11.19%). Average compound sentiment scores were found to be negative throughout the examined time period for the topics of spread and growth of cases, symptoms, racism, source of the outbreak, and political impact of COVID-19. In contrast, we saw a reversal of sentiments from negative to positive for prevention, impact on the economy and markets, government response, impact on the health care industry, and treatment and recovery. CONCLUSIONS Identification of dominant themes, topics, sentiments, and changing trends in tweets about the COVID-19 pandemic can help governments, health care agencies, and policy makers frame appropriate responses to prevent and control the spread of the pandemic.

MORE THAN LOCAL IMPACTS: AGGREGATE QUARRYING IN THE NATIONAL PARKS OF ENGLAND AND WALES

1999 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 245-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOE WESTON ◽  
JOHN GLASSON ◽  
ELIZABETH WILSON ◽  
ANDREW CHADWICK
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Local Services ◽  
The Status ◽  
Local Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Landscape Impacts

Aggregate quarrying plays an important role in the local economy of the UK's national parks, providing local jobs and expenditure on local services. There are also adverse local impacts from traffic, dust, noise and blasting. However, it is the status of the parks as crucial features of the nation's landscape capital that increases the significance of localised landscape impacts to a level which outweighs any benefits that quarrying provides. This article is based upon commissioned research into the impact of quarrying on the national parks and assesses those impacts against the functions of the parks as nationally important designated landscapes.

scholarly journals Design and Control Method of Switchable On- or Off-Ramp for Urban Highway

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yugang Liu ◽  
Hongbo Yi ◽  
Jiali Li ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
Hongtai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Control Method ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Main Road ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Total Travel Time ◽  
Short Time ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

High volume of traffic is loaded on urban highway during peak hours as well as the ramp connecting main road and auxiliary road of highway. Once the demand exceeds the capacity of the ramp, congestion may happen on both main road and the auxiliary road. To deal with this problem, an new urban highway ramp, switchable ramp (SR) that can switch between on and off condition, is proposed in this paper. A macroscopic time-space discrete model is built in this paper to model this process by dividing the studied time period into short time periods and the studied road segment into small sections. The impact of the type of ramp on upstream and downstream traffic flow is analyzed. A segment of urban highway in Chengdu, China, is used as a case study. The traffic flow data in peak hours is collected and used. Mathematical analysis proves that the SR system proposed in this paper can reduce the total travel time (TTT) in the studied area. Results show that the SR system is more useful when the traffic volume is high.

scholarly journals Domestic Animal Welfare at the Zoo: The Impact of an Animal Visitor Interaction Program on Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Margaret Ramont ◽  
Maureen Leahy ◽  
Katherine A. Cronin
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Species Differences ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Behavioral Indicators ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Feeding Zone ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Many modern zoos strive to create connections between guests and animals through animal visitor interaction (AVI) programs. However, there has been relatively little research into the effect of AVI programs on the welfare of program animals. Previous research has revealed three factors that may affect AVI program animal welfare: species differences, handling and transport, and the provision of choice and control. We assessed the effects of an AVI program designed with these factors in mind on the behavior of a flock (N = 16) of zoo-housed domestic chickens (Gallus gallus). Behavioral data were collected on program days and on non-program (control) days, and we considered the time leading up to the program, the program itself, and the time immediately following the program. When comparing flock behavior on program days to control days, we found no differences in behavioral indicators of welfare during the time leading up to the program and during the program. Rates of aggression, however, were significantly greater after the program had concluded compared to the same time period on matched control days, but still occurred infrequently. Additionally, we recorded the spatial location of each animal while the program occurred and found that the chickens did not spend significantly more or less time in the feeding zone as visitor participation increased, although there were individual differences within the flock. We conclude that the relatively small behavioral changes seen were not indicative of a change in welfare and consider those results in the context of the program design.

scholarly journals Impact of CSR Activities on the Financial Performance of Firms

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Avneet Sinha ◽  
Anish Arora ◽  
Akshat Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Corporate Structure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

Corporate Social Responsibility has become an integral part of the corporate structure after the rising concerns of people with the manner in which corporates have been operating to maximise their profits. The key objective of this research study is to analyse the impact of CSR expenditure on the financial performance of BSE companies of four different industries - the information and technology, automobile, cosmetics and toiletries, and the petroleum industry. The time period examined is 2013-2015 - keeping in mind that the CSR component was mandated only in the Companies Act 2013. Consistent with past studies, the two variables are correlated but the impact of CSR on financial performance varies from industry to industry. Our results suggest that the public image of a particular industry has a great influence on the relation between two variables and thus leads us to the conclusion regarding the different approaches that industries have towards the CSR expenditure.

Suppressed, but Not Forgotten

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beat Meier ◽  
Anja König ◽  
Samuel Parak ◽  
Katharina Henke
Keyword(s):  
Memory Trace ◽  
Thought Suppression ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Indirect Test ◽  
Final Test ◽  
Test Experiment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cue Words ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of thought suppression over a 1-week interval. In two experiments with 80 university students each, we used the think/no-think paradigm in which participants initially learn a list of word pairs (cue-target associations). Then they were presented with some of the cue words again and should either respond with the target word or avoid thinking about it. In the final test phase, their memory for the initially learned cue-target pairs was tested. In Experiment 1, type of memory test was manipulated (i.e., direct vs. indirect). In Experiment 2, type of no-think instructions was manipulated (i.e., suppress vs. substitute). Overall, our results showed poorer memory for no-think and control items compared to think items across all experiments and conditions. Critically, however, more no-think than control items were remembered after the 1-week interval in the direct, but not in the indirect test (Experiment 1) and with thought suppression, but not thought substitution instructions (Experiment 2). We suggest that during thought suppression a brief reactivation of the learned association may lead to reconsolidation of the memory trace and hence to better retrieval of suppressed than control items in the long term.

Research Participation Experiences of Informants of Suicide and Control Cases

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 238-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. C. Wong ◽  
Wincy S. C. Chan ◽  
Philip S. L. Beh ◽  
Fiona W. S. Yau ◽  
Paul S. F. Yip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Research Participation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
The People ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Background: Ethical issues have been raised about using the psychological autopsy approach in the study of suicide. The impact on informants of control cases who participated in case-control psychological autopsy studies has not been investigated. Aims: (1) To investigate whether informants of suicide cases recruited by two approaches (coroners’ court and public mortuaries) respond differently to the initial contact by the research team. (2) To explore the reactions, reasons for participation, and comments of both the informants of suicide and control cases to psychological autopsy interviews. (3) To investigate the impact of the interviews on informants of suicide cases about a month after the interviews. Methods: A self-report questionnaire was used for the informants of both suicide and control cases. Telephone follow-up interviews were conducted with the informants of suicide cases. Results: The majority of the informants of suicide cases, regardless of the initial route of contact, as well as the control cases were positive about being approached to take part in the study. A minority of informants of suicide and control cases found the experience of talking about their family member to be more upsetting than expected. The telephone follow-up interviews showed that none of the informants of suicide cases reported being distressed by the psychological autopsy interviews. Limitations: The acceptance rate for our original psychological autopsy study was modest. Conclusions: The findings of this study are useful for future participants and researchers in measuring the potential benefits and risks of participating in similar sensitive research. Psychological autopsy interviews may be utilized as an active engagement approach to reach out to the people bereaved by suicide, especially in places where the postvention work is underdeveloped.

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