Adding condensed tannins to the diet increases ovulation rate in sheep

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 853 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Banchero ◽  
A. Vázquez ◽  
M. Vera ◽  
G. Quintans
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Native Pasture ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Effective Use

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether adding condensed tannins (T) to the diet of sheep increases ovulation rate (OR). In all, 281 mature Polwarth ewes (49.9 ± 6.0 kg and body condition score (BCS) of 2.02 ± 0.24 units) were heat-synchronised (oestrus = Day 1) and sorted in the following four treatment diets: (1) native pasture alone (82.6 g of CP and 8.4 MJ metabolisable energy (ME)/kg DM) (NP; n = 70); (2) native pasture (NP) plus a supplement of 0.45 kg of soybean meal (S) from Day 10 to Day 14 (NP+S; n = 71); (3) NP plus a supplement of 0.45 kg S and 25 g of T, to get an estimated concentration of T in the diet of 1.5% (NP+S+1.5T; n = 69); and (4) NP plus a supplement of 0.45 kg S and 42 g of T, to get a concentration of T of 2.5% (NP+S+2.5T; n = 71). OR was measured 8 days after the second heat by rectal ultrasound (Day 25). The estimated consumption of crude protein (CP) during the supplementation period was 129, 261, 237 and 200 g/ewe.day for NP, NP+S, NP+S+1.5T and NP+S+2.5T ewes, respectively. NP+S+1.5T ewes had an OR of 1.90, which was higher (P < 0.05) than those for NP+S+2.5T and NP+S ewes (1.68 and 1.70, respectively). All supplemented ewes had a higher OR than did NP ewes (1.48, P < 0.05). Although NP+S+1.5T ewes ate less protein than did NP+S ewes, their OR was higher, as a result of a more effective use of the protein. The higher concentrations of 2.5% T in the diet might have not evoked a response in OR.

The effect of time of mating on ovulation rate and potential lambing rate of Greyface ewes

1979 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Gunn ◽  
J. M. Doney ◽  
W. F. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Differential Group ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Group Feeding ◽  
Lambing Rate

ABSTRACTOver 2 years, 104 Greyface ewes were mated at a synchronized oestrus either in early October or early November. From late September until slaughter at return to service or between 4 and 7 weeks after mating, ewes were fed to maintain their body condition score as previously adjusted by differential group feeding on grass. Ovulation rate and potential lambing rate were derived from counts of corpora lutea and viable embryos at slaughter. Both rates were higher in the early-mated ewes in comparable body condition. Stress factors were implicated as contributing to the decline in ovulation rate with time, while ewes which failed to hold to first mating were largely responsible for the decline in potential lambing rate.

scholarly journals Growth of Brahman cross heifers to 2 years of age in the dry tropics

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Geoffry Fordyce ◽  
Kerri Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Height Gain

Growth of 1368 Brahman cross heifers from 6 year cohorts was monitored over the 2 years post-weaning in Australia’s northern forest, a low-animal-growth dry tropical environment. Heifers weighing 47–266 kg at weaning were managed in groups weighing &lt;100 kg, 100–149 kg, 150–199 kg, and &gt;199 kg during the post-weaning dry season. Weaner heifers were allocated to receive 300 g/day of a protein meal during the dry season or to basic nutritional management to sustain health. Heifers in three cohorts were allocated to first mating at 1 or 2 years of age, in four cohorts to vaccination against androstenedione, and in a small proportion of two cohorts to ovariectomy post-weaning. Growth was highly variable between seasons and years; average cohort liveweight by the start of 2-year-old mating was 256–319 kg. Heifer groups not receiving protein supplementation gained –16 to 21 kg (2 kg average) during 6-month dry seasons, and 49–131 kg (101 kg average) during wet seasons to reach an average of two-thirds of mature liveweight (445 kg) and 95% of mature hip height (1350 mm) by the start of mating at 2 years. Average body condition score (1–5) fluctuated by 1–2 units between seasons. Hip height gain continued, irrespective of season, commencing at ~0.60 mm/day at 6 months of age, and decelerating by ~0.00075 mm/day through to 2.5 years of age. Standard errors of predicted means across analyses were ~0.015 for average daily weight gains, 0.4 mm for average monthly height gain and 0.06 score units for average seasonal body condition score change. Post-weaning dry-season supplementation increased gains in liveweight, height and body condition score by an average of 0.1 kg/day, 0.1 mm/day and 0.5 units, respectively, during the supplementation period. Periods of poor nutrition or high nutritional demand secondary to reproduction suppressed daily gains in liveweight and hip height, at which times body condition score was also reduced. Subsequent to this, partial to full compensation occurred for all measures. Ovariectomy had negative effects on growth. Androstenedione vaccination had no effect on growth. The main conclusion is that heifer growth in Australia’s dry tropical northern forest region is highly variable between seasons and years, thus limiting significant proportions of some cohorts from reaching target weights for mating at 2 years of age, even after compensatory growth.

Mature body composition of the Gallego sheep breed of Galicia (north-west Spain)

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 179-179
Author(s):  
M. R. Cropper ◽  
N. Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
North West ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Mature Size

Taylor (1980) indicated the importance of mature size in the description of animals and its usefulness for standardising growth parameters. The mature size and body composition of the Gallego breed, a small meat-producing type first described by Mason (1967), have never been estimated under defined management conditions. Therefore, using the scaling rules and results of Thonney, Taylor, Murray and McClelland (1987) as a guide, a study was made to determine whether the reputation of Gallego lambs for producing lean carcases was borne out in the composition of mature animals.Twenty-one ewes (mean liveweight, LW, 32.7, sd 5.4 kg) and eight rams (LW 47.6, sd 8.6 kg) were selected as cast animals on the basis of age ( >4 years), body condition score (BCS, >1.75), health and teeth status and group-fed on concentrate (180 g crude protein/ kg dry-matter) and hay ad libitum. LW was measured fortnightly. When all animals had a LW and BCS which were stable for 2 months, 3 subgroups were slaughtered monthly. Weights of wool, body organs and hot carcase (HC) were recorded. Dissection of the cold carcase (CC) into commercial joints (Cabrero Poveda, 1984) and total lean, bone and fat.

The effects of body weight and its components on lambing performance in some commercial flocks in Britain

1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Geisler ◽  
J. S. Fenlon
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Standard Condition ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Skeletal Size ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTAn analysis of the records of ewe weight and condition at mating together with subsequent lambing performance for several commercial flocks in the UK revealed no significant relationship between lambing performance and size, measured by weight transformed to a standard condition. The relationship between mating weight and body condition score at mating was linear though there was considerable variation in weight at a fixed body condition, suggesting a substantial spread in skeletal size. Increases in ovulation rate were not discernible from lambing figures over the range of body conditions observed in these flocks.

Effect of body condition and pasture type on herbage intake, performance during lactation and subsequent ovulation rate in Scottish Blackface ewes

1981 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Doney ◽  
R. G. Gunn ◽  
J. N. Peart ◽  
W. F. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Herbage Intake ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

ABSTRACTScottish Blackface ewes in uniform, good, body condition at mating were differentially fed during pregnancy, such that two groups lost 0·15 to 0·20 (groups A and B) and one group gained 0·05 (group C) of maternal live weight by lambing time. The treatments had little effect on the number of lambs born per ewe lambing (1·39, 1·46 and 148 respectively).Prior to parturition, group A was transferred to a poor hill pasture, and groups B and C to an improved upland reseeded pasture. Herbage intake by six single- and six twin-suckling ewes from each group was estimated in the 3rd, 6th and 8th week after parturition, and mean daily milk production was estimated on 1 day following each intake measurement period. Herbage intake by six dry ewes in each of groups A and B was also estimated.There were significant differences amongst groups A, B and C, respectively, in mean organic matter digestibility of the herbage consumed (0·701, 0·771 and 0·773), mean daily digestible organic-matter intake (1·06, 1·46 and 1·46kg), mean live-weight change over the period ( –2·9, +5·4 and +l·3kg) and mean daily milk yield (0·64, 1·93 and 1·95 kg).By the following mating time, after grazing the same pasture from weaning, there was still a difference in body condition score according to pasture type during lactation (2·08, 2·36 and 2·29, respectively). Ovulation rate measured after mating was consistent with the direct effect of body condition (1·34, 1·56 and 1·52, respectively).

The effect of diet and condition score on fasting heat production of non-producing dairy cows

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 34-34
Author(s):  
J.W. Birnie ◽  
R.E. Agnew ◽  
F.J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Fasting Period ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Fasting Heat Production

The metabolisable energy (ME) requirement for maintenance (MEm) has been derived from measurements of fasting heat production (FHP) with non-lactating cattle, with, for example, ARC (1980) using published data on steers to develop equations to calculate the MEm of dairy cattle. Recent studies at this Institute (Yan et al. 1997 a&b) have produced estimates of MEm, through either direct measurement of FHP, or the use of regression techniques for producing animals and concluded that MEm was higher than those in published feeding standards (ARC, 1980; AFRC, 1993). The objective of the present experiments was to explore possible reasons for the differences, such as the effect of cow body condition score (CS) on FHP and the effect of level and type of diet given during the pre-fasting period on FHP.

Production by wethers fed oats, wheat, and lupins, with dry annual pasture in north-eastern Victoria

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (112) ◽  
pp. 480 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Kenney
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Live Export

An experiment was conducted at Rutherglen Research Institute in autumn 1979 to evaluate various grain supplements for the fattening of 18-month-old Merino wethers intended for the live export market. All sheep had mature, dry pasture, harvested during mid summer, freely on offer. This herbage contained 9% crude protein and was 47% digestible. Wheat, oats or lupins were fed as supplements at 0, 180, 360, 540 g/head.d and ad libitum. Mixed grain rations were also studied: lupins were fed at 0, 90, 180 and 270 g/head.d with either wheat or oats ad libitum. Wethers were fed these rations for nine weeks and fasted liveweight, wool growth, and body condition score were measured. Animals were then slaughtered and carcases weighed. Animal performance was positively related to the rate of grain intake. Ad libitum intakes of wheat and oats were low - 450 and 520 g/head.d respectively, and only maintained liveweights. in contrast, lupins fed ad libitum were consumed at 650 g/head.d, which resulted in significant increases in live and carcase weight - 4 kg and 3.8 kg respectively. Pasture intake was reduced by one third with all ad libitum grain rations. The addition of lupins at 180 g/head.d to wheat or oats increased the ad libitum intakes of the cereal grains to 550 and 650 g/head.d, respectively, with associated liveweight gains of 1.0 and 4.5 kg for the nine week period. Intake of cereal grains was generally low compared with that in other published reports; but all rations containing more than 10% lupins showed promise as supplements for fattening wethers.

The effect of energy intake level, body condition score, and leptin on ovulation rate in fat-tailed ewes

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 80-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Towhidi ◽  
F. Rostami ◽  
H. Khazali ◽  
A.H. Ahadi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Intake Level ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Plasma Leptin

Ovulation rate (OR) is depended to energy intake level (EIL) and body condition score (BCS) in ewe (Gordon, 1997). There is a high correlation between BCS and plasma leptin concentration (PLC) in sheep (Blache et al, 2000). Corresponding to leptin is a metabolic stimulant for reproduction (Barb et al, 1999), it is possible that leptin is involved in the ovulation rate in ewe. Therefore, first experiment was conducted to study the effect of EIL on body weight (BW), BCS, OR and PLC in a long period, and second experiment was designed to investigate the effect of EIL and leptin administration on OR in a short period in fat-tailed Shal ewes.

scholarly journals Effect of short period feed supplementation during early lactation on performance of cows and calves raised in extensive system

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1381-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cássio Cassal Brauner ◽  
Marcelo Alves Pimentel ◽  
Leonardo de Melo Menezes ◽  
Jean Pierre Martins Machado ◽  
José Carlos Ferrugem Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Calf Performance

Thirty-two multiparous Angus cows at moderate body condition score (3 in a 1-5 scale) received feed supplementation at the beginning of lactation for a short time to determine the effect on milk yield and composition and on performance of cows and calves. Supplementation started on days 22 ± 3.2 after calving. The cows were randomly distributed into two groups (n =16), one group receiving feed supplementation for 35 days (supplemented group), and the other without supplementation (control group). Each cow received 0.6% of its body weight in individual troughs daily. Both groups were kept in native pasture condition during supplementation period. Milk yield evaluation, performance of cows and calves were controlled on day 0 (initial), day 14 (middle) and day 35 (final) of the supplementation period. There was no effect of feed supplementation on milk yield or on any other milk component in both groups, and on calf performance as well. Milk composition differed among periods, when fat was the highest in the middle of supplementation and lactose was the highest in the end of the period. Supplemented cows presented more daily average weight gain at the final period of supplementation than cows from the control group. Beef cow with moderate body condition score can gain weight during the lactation period as a response to increase of energy availability in a short period without any influence on milk production and composition as well as a consequence on calf performance.

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