Dietary phosphate equivalence of four forms of Pi contrasted with a novel microbial phytase from Citrobacter braakii in broiler chickens

Two 21-day studies were conducted with broilers to evaluate the efficacy of a bacterial 6-phytase from Citrobacter braakii and compare four Pi sources. The four sources were phosphates of monocalcium (MCP), dicalcium (DCP), tricalcium (TCP) with potassium phosphate (KH2PO4) acting as a ‘positive control’ reference. In each study, 336 4-day-old male birds (Ross 708) were blocked based on initial bodyweight (BW) and randomly allotted to one of seven diets with six replicate cages of eight birds each. Access to experimental diets and water from Days 4 to 25 post-hatching was ad libitum. In the first study, the seven diets were: (1) a low-P negative control (NC) corn-soybean meal basal diet formulated to contain crude protein (CP), Ca, total P, and non-phytate P (nPP) at 218, 9.0, 4.5, and 2.0 g/kg, respectively; (2) NC plus 0.75 g Pi from KH2PO4/kg; (3) NC plus 0.75 g Pi from MCP/kg; (4) NC plus 0.75 g Pi from DCP/kg; (5) NC plus 0.75 g Pi from TCP/kg; (6) NC plus phytase at 500 FYT/kg; (7) NC plus phytase at 1000 FYT/kg. Feeding the low-P NC diet reduced (P < 0.01) BW gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and tibia ash. Supplementing the NC with Pi or phytase linearly improved (P < 0.01) BWG, FI, and tibia ash. Supplementing the NC with 0.75 g/kg Pi from MCP, DCP, or TCP were equipotent in improving BWG and FI; however, percent tibia ash was higher (P < 0.05) in birds fed MCP than either DCP or TCP. The second study was similar to the first study except that Ca, total P, and nPP in the NC were reduced to 7.0, 4.2, and 1.8 g/kg, respectively; and Pi from MCP, DCP, and TCP were reduced to 0.6 g/kg. Similar to observations in the first study, the low-P NC diet reduced (P < 0.01) BWG, FI, and tibia ash; and supplementing the NC with Pi or phytase linearly improved (P < 0.01) BWG, FI, P digestibility and tibia ash. Furthermore, supplementing the NC with 0.75 g Pi from MCP, DCP, or TCP per kg diet were equipotent in improving BWG, FI, and tibia ash though MCP resulted in superior (P < 0.05) retention of P compared with TCP. Results from both studies showed that the phytase was efficacious in releasing phytate-P for growth and bone mineralisation in chickens compensating, at least, the spared Pi, and that Pi sources commonly used in formulating diets of chickens may be different in their potential to supply digestible P.

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Effect of different phytases derived from E. coli AppA gene on the performance, bone mineralisation and nutrient digestibility of broiler chicken

Journal of Applied Animal Nutrition ◽

10.1017/jan.2019.6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Kozlowski ◽

L. Nollet ◽

A. Lanckriet ◽

E. Vanderbeke ◽

P. Mielnik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

E Coli ◽

Improved Performance ◽

Bone Mineralisation ◽

Tibia Ash

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of three different thermostable phytase variants, based on the AppA gene from E. coli (AppAT1, AppAT2 and AppAT3) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and bone mineralisation in broiler chickens at inclusion levels of 250 and 500 FTU/kg. The eight treatment groups included a positive control (PC) which was sufficient in Ca and P, a negative control (NC, the same basal formulation as the PC, but reduced in Ca and P), and NC supplemented with AppAT1 at 250 and 500 FTU/kg (AppAT1-250 and AppAT1-500), AppAT2 at 250 and 500 FTU/kg (AppAT2-250 and AppAT2-500) and with AppAT3 at 250 and 500 FTU/kg (AppAT3-250 and AppAT3-500). Over the entire feeding period, body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) were significantly higher in the PC group, with all phytase supplemented groups being statistically the same, compared to the NC group. Feed conversion (FCR) for the PC-fed birds (1.479) was significantly (P<0.05) better compared to the NC birds (1.582) and those fed the AppAT3-250 diet (1.523). Reduced levels of Ca and P in the NC group led to significantly (P<0.05) lower tibia ash (40.9%) compared to the PC group (47.4%). Birds fed the phytase diets had significantly higher tibia ash compared to the NC birds, with those from the AppAT2-500 and AppAT3-500 groups being statistically the same as the PC group. Diets AppAT1-500, AppAT2-250, AppAT2-500 and AppAT3-500 significantly increased Ca digestibility compared to the NC. Apparent total track digestibility (ATTD) of P was improved for AppAT1-500 and AppAT2-250. The ATTD of Ca and P for all of the phytase supplemented groups reached the same level of the PC and AppAT1-500 group. It was concluded that adding any of the phytases tested, especially when included at 500 FTU/kg to a feed reduced in Ca and P, led to improved performance and bone mineralisation back to the same levels as seen for the Ca and P sufficient diet.

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Effect of two microbial phytase preparations on phosphorus utilisation in broilers fed maize-soybean meal based diets

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.5675 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 19-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. VALAJA ◽

S. PERTTILÄ ◽

K. PARTANEN

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Trichoderma Reesei ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Control Diet ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Inorganic P ◽

Microbial Phytase

The present study was carried out to determine the effect of two microbial phytases, Aspergillus niger (FINASEâ FP-500, 291 PU (phytase units)/g) and Trichoderma reesei phytase (FINASEâ P, 5880 PU/g) on phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) utilisation and ileal P and Ca digestibility in broiler chickens fed diets based on maize and soybean meal. A total of 96 Ross broiler chickens housed four birds to a cage were used. Four dietary treatments consisted of a positive control supplemented with dicalcium phosphate (17 g/kg), a negative control without inorganic P, basal diet without inorganic P supplemented with Aspergillus niger phytase (2.6 g/kg) and basal diet without inorganic P supplemented with Trichoderma reesei phytase (0.13 g/kg). Both phytases provided 750 PU/kg feed. P retention per unit intake was lowest and P excretion highest in birds fed the positive control diet with inorganic P (P

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Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices, Duodenal Histomorphology, and Cecal Microbiota of Broiler Chickens Fed on Diets Supplemented with Cinnamon Bark Powder at Prestarter and Starter Phases

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010094 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 94

Author(s):

Mohammed M. Qaid ◽

Saud I. Al-Mufarrej ◽

Mahmoud M. Azzam ◽

Maged A. Al-Garadi ◽

Hani H. Albaadani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Serum Globulin ◽

Maximum Improvement

Ross 308 broiler chicks (n = 240) aged 1 day were assigned to five groups for eight replicates (six chicks for each) (3♂ and 3♀). Basal dietary groups were supplemented by 2000, 4000, and 6000 mg/kg cinnamon (CN) for 21 days. Basal diet alone was used as a negative control, and basal antibiotic diet (Colimox) was used as a positive control. At 10, 14, and 21 days of age, chicks that received 2000 mg CN and Colimox had a higher body weight, resulting in an increase in body weight gain. CN also resulted in the maximum improvement in the feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency over 1–21 days at the level of 2000 mg/kg. At days 10, the maximum relative breast weight was 2000 mg/kg of CN. Mean serum albumin concentrations, duodenal villus height, and goblet cell density increased (p < 0.05) by 2000 mg/kg of CN, and mean serum globulin and total protein concentrations and crypt depth increased (p < 0.05) by 6000 mg/kg of CN compared with control. Increased cecal Escherichia coli number was CN dose-dependent. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of 2000 mg/kg CN can be applied as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics for broiler starter diet.

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Response of broilers to graded levels of microbial phytase added to maize–soyabean-meal-based diets containing three levels of non-phytate phosphorus

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19960190 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 75 (6) ◽

pp. 839-852 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

E. T. Kornegay ◽

D. M. Denbow ◽

Z. Yi ◽

V. Ravindran

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Control Diet ◽

Linear Equations ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Positive Control ◽

Phytate Phosphorus ◽

Microbial Phytase ◽

Soyabean Meal ◽

Non Linear Equations ◽

Total P

Male 1-d-old broilers (n 920) were given 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 and 1200 U microbial pbytase/kg diet in combination with 2·0, 2·7 or 3·4 g non-phytate P (nP)/kg or 4·0, 5·1 or 5·8 g total P (tP)/kg in a 21 d trial to assess the effectiveness of phytase in a maize–soyabean-meal diet. In addition to the above twenty-one diets, a positive control P diet supplied 4·5 g nP/kg, 6·9 g tP/kg and 10 g Ca/kg. The basal diet contained 230g crude protein/kg, 8·8 g Ca/kg, 4·4 g tP/Fg and 2/0 g nP/kg. Defluorinated phosphate and limestone were used to supply P and Ca. A Ca:tP ratio of 2:l was maintained except in the positive control diet which had a ratio of 1·45: 1. Phytase additions linearly increased (P < 0·01) body-weight (SW) gain, feed intake, toe ash percentage, and apparent retention (% of intake) or total amount (g/bird) of retained Ca and P, and linearly decreased (P < 0·01) P excretion (g/kg of DM intake) at each level of nP with the magnitude of the response inversely related to the level of nP. Above-normal mortality was only observed in the group receiving 2·0 g nP/kg diet without phytase. Adding nP linearly increased (P < 0·01) BW gain, feed intake, toe ash percentage, Ca retention, total amount (g/bird) of P retained, and P excretion, and iinearly decreased (P < 0·01) apparent retention (%) of P. Derived linear and non-linear equations for BW gain and toe ash percentage at the two lower nP levels, 2·0 and 2·7 g/kg, were used to calculate P equivalency value of microbial phytase. The results show that 939 U microbial phytase is equivalent to 1 g P from defluorinated phosphate in broilers fed on maize–soyabean-meal diets. The amount of P released per 100 U phytase decreased as the total amount of phytase increased.

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Effects of supplemental microbial phytase on performance of broiler chickens

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.72717 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 457-466

Author(s):

Tuomo Koskinen ◽

Jari Piironen ◽

Tiina Hakonen

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Bone Mineralization ◽

Control Diet ◽

Live Weight ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Phytase Activity ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Microbial Phytase ◽

Soya Bean Meal

Three trials were conducted on a total of 5100 broiler chicks (0-5.5 weeks) to study the effects of different microbial phytase (Aspergillus niger) supplementations (250-1000 phytase units = PU/g) on the performance and bone mineralization of birds and on the utilization of phosphorus compared with the effects of mineral P additions as dicalcium phosphate. The basal diets (negative controls) were principally composed of soya bean meal (SBM) and grain (wheat, barley, oats) supplemented with up to 0.10% mineral P; the positive control diets were supplemented with 0.24-0.30% mineral P. Compared with the negative control groups, which were fed diets with 0.05% mineral P either during the whole rearing period or during the starting period only, phytase addition increased live weight by 4-7% and feed intake by 3-9% (Trials 1 and 2). Tibia values indicated that with low mineral P supplementations (0.05 and 0.10%), phytase additions have a non-significant effect on bone mineralization. If mineral P is not added, the tibia values show a marked response to phytase (Trial 3). Utilization of P increased from 50.9% to 60.0% when phytase (1000 PU/g) was added to the diets without mineral P supplementation (Trial 3). Utilization of P was only 34.5% in the positive control diet (0.3% mineral P). The results were obviously affected by the intrinsic phytase activity in grain and the dietary calcium level, and suggest that, in SBM-grain-based diets with very low (0.05%) or no mineral P supplementation, weight gain can be increased by adding phytase up to 1000 PU/g. This supplemented phytase activity is apparently sufficient for adequate bone mineralization.

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Soybean Oligosaccharides Supplementation Attenuates the Fecal Odor Compounds by Modulate the Cecal Microbiota of Broilers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-35493/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Haiying Liu ◽

Xin Li ◽

Xin Zhu ◽

Weiguo Dong ◽

Guiqin Yang

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

High Performance ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Odor Compounds ◽

Cecal Microbiota ◽

Soybean Oligosaccharides

Abstract Background: Abatement of odor emissions in poultry production is very important for the quality and safety in poultry industries and benefit to the environment.Methods: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the dietary supplementation of different levels soybean oligosaccharides (SBO) in comparison with chlortetracycline (CHL) on major odor-causing compound in excreta and cecal microbiota of broiler chickens. One-day-old broiler chickens were assigned to 6 treatments with 6 replicate pens (10 birds/pen) for the 42-day experiment, including, the negative control (NC) fed a basal diet, the positive control (PC) fed a basal diet with CHL, and the basal diet with SBO at 0.5, 2.0, 3.5, and 5.0 g/kg, respectively. Fresh excreta was sampled for analysis odor compounds by high performance liquid chromatography. Cecum content was collected to analyze the cecal microbiota by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: The excreta indole concentration of broilers fed 2.0, 3.5 and 5.0 g/kg SBO and CHL diets were significantly decreased (P < 0.01) compared to NC. Excreta skatole concentration (P < 0.001) and pH (P < 0.05) were decreased by SBO and CHL. Formate concentration of birds fed 3.5 and 5.0 g/kg SBO diets were higher than that of birds fed other diets (P < 0.001). The acetate concentration (P = 0.003) were increased in birds fed 3.5 g/kg SBO diet. Deep sequencing 16S rRNA revealed that the composition of the cecal microbial digesta slightly or significantly changed by the supplementation of SBO or CHL. SBO decreased the abundance of Bacteroides, Bilophila, and Escherichia, which were related to indole and skatole concentration of excreta. While CHL had strong tendency to enrich Ruminococcus and reduce Rikenella. Conclusion: These results indicated that supplementation of dietary SBO was beneficial in attenuating the concentration of odor causing compounds and impact the composition cecal microbiota of broilers.

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The effects of sodium gluconate and microbial phytase on performance and mineral utilisation in broiler chicks

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an12221 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 316 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Günal

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Sodium Gluconate ◽

P Content ◽

Microbial Phytase ◽

Bone Mineralisation ◽

Tibia Ash

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of sodium gluconate and microbial phytase (MP) (Natuphos 1000G) supplementation of diets on performance, mineral retention and bone mineralisation in male broiler chicks from a day old to 21 days of age. The experiment was carried out using a completely randomised design with a 3 by 2 factorial arrangement (0, 2 and 4% sodium gluconate and 0 and 750 U MP/kg diet). Diets were formulated with deficient contents of available phosphorus (aP) (2.4 g/kg). Ten replicate cages of four chicks per replicate cage were fed experimental diets. MP supplementation of diets with deficient contents of aP significantly improved weight gain (P < 0.05) and feed efficiency (P < 0.01). The performance results were similar in birds fed the diets without sodium gluconate and the diets with 2% sodium gluconate. However, the dietary inclusion of sodium gluconate at 4% depressed (P < 0.05) the growth of broiler chickens compared with the diet without sodium gluconate. Compared with the diets supplemented with 2% sodium gluconate, the diets supplemented with 4% sodium gluconate decreased (P < 0.05) weight gain and increased (P < 0.05) feed efficiency. MP supplementation increased (P < 0.01) Ca, P, Mg, Zn retention, and tibia ash, Ca and P contents in tibia ash. Diets with sodium gluconate increased (P < 0.05) P and Zn retention. Diets containing sodium gluconate without phytase increased (P < 0.05) Mg retention and P content in tibia ash. The diet with 2% sodium gluconate without phytase also increased (P < 0.05) Ca retention. The dietary inclusion of sodium gluconate at 2% improved (P < 0.05) tibia ash and Ca content in tibia ash. Sodium gluconate and MP had significant interactions in Ca and Mg retention (P < 0.01), and P content (P < 0.05) in tibia ash. In conclusion, the results indicated that phytase and sodium gluconate supplementation of corn–soybean meal low AP diets increased Ca, P, Mg and Zn mineral retention and bone mineralisation in chicks. The addition of MP improved the performance. However, the supplementation of diets with 4% sodium gluconate depressed the performance.

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Eficacia de una nueva fitasa microbiana en dietas de cerdos en crecimiento

Revista ECIPeru ◽

10.33017/reveciperu2016.0004/ ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 25-32

Keyword(s):

Live Weight ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Percentage Points ◽

Apparent Digestibility Coefficient ◽

P Content ◽

Microbial Phytase ◽

Total P

Eficacia de una nueva fitasa microbiana en dietas de cerdos en crecimiento Effectiveness of a new microbial phytase in diets for growing pigs Yoany Leiva, Alba Cerisuelo, María Cambra y Juan José Pascua Universitat Politècnica de València, España DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2016.0004/ Resumen El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos de incorporación en el pienso de cerdos en crecimiento, una nueva fitasa de origen bacteriano sobre el coeficiente de digestibilidad aparente y retención de los diferentes nutrientes en cerdos en crecimiento. Se utilizaron cinco dietas experimentales que difieren en el nivel de incorporación de la fitasa y en el contenido en fósforo (P): la dieta control positivo (C+) con 7,1 g de P total/Kg sin fitasa, dieta control negativo (C-) con niveles bajos de P (5,6 g P total/Kg) sin fitasa y tres dietas a partir del C- suplementado con 250, 500 y 1000 unidades de fitasa, UFT/Kg de pienso. Se utilizaron 75 cerdos machos (32,24 ± 2,77 Kg peso vivo medio), en 5 tandas, cada tanda conformada por 15 cerdos. El periodo experimental tuvo una duración de 18 días, en cada tanda (7 días de adaptación a corral y pienso, 7 días de adaptación a la jaula de digestibilidad y 4 días de recogida de heces y orina – ensayo digestibilidad). En nuestras condiciones de estudio, la suplementación con fitasa en cerdos en crecimiento, a niveles de 500 y 1000 UFT/kg, produjo un incremento (p>0.05) de la digestibilidad del P en 5 y 9 puntos porcentuales y un aumento en la retención del P en 5,4 y 10 puntos porcentuales, respectivamente, en comparación con dietas bajas en P y sin fitasas (C-). Mientras que otros minerales no se vieron afectados por la dieta suplementada con fitasa. Abstract This research aimed to evaluate the effects of inclusion of a new phytase of bacterial origin in the feed of growing pigs, on apparent digestibility coefficient and retention of different nutrients. Five experimental diets differing in the addition of phytase and in phosphorus (P) content were used: positive control (C+) with 7.1g of total / kg P without phytase, negative control (C-) with low P (5.6 g total P/ kg) without phytase and three diets base don C- supplemented with 250, 500 and 1000 phytase units,UFT / Kg of feed. Seventy five male pigs (32.24 ± 2.77 kg live weight on average) were used, in five batches, each batch consisting of 15 pigs. The experimental period lasted 18 days, in each batch (7 days of adaptation to pen and feed, 7 days adaptation to digestibility cage and four days of collection of feces and urine – digestibility trial). In the conditions of this study, the addition of the new phytase in growing pigs at levels of 500 and 1000 UFT / kg produced an increase (p>0.05) in the digestibility of P in 5 to 9 percentage points and an increase in the retention of P in 5.4 and 10 percentage points, respectively compared with diets low in phosphorus and without phytase (C-). Other minerals were not affected by the addition of phytase. Keywords: fission, uranium 235

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Dietary hybrid phytase and carbohydrases on nutrient digestibility and bone quality of broiler chickens

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2021.v56.01668 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

Author(s):

Caroline Bavaresco ◽

Everton Luis Krabbe ◽

Diego Surek ◽

Edenilse Gopinger ◽

Fernando Nicolas Martinez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Quality ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Positive Control ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Available P ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Poultry Diets

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the use of hybrid phytase, alone or combined with carbohydrases, in poultry diets with nutritional reductions of calcium, available phosphorus, and metabolizable energy on the nutrient digestibility and bone quality of broiler chickens. A total of 1,875 broilers were distributed in five treatments in a completely randomized design, with 15 replicates of 25 chickens each. The treatments consisted of a positive control feed (T1) and of four negative controls (T2 to T5): T1, basal diet (BD) with corn and soybean; T2 and T3, BDs with reductions of 70 and 100 kcal kg-1 metabolizable energy, respectively, and both with reductions of 0.16% Ca and 0.15% available P; and T4 and T5, BDs with the same nutritional reductions, but supplemented with enzymes, i.e., T4 = T2 + 500 phytase units (FTU) per kilogram and T5 = T3 + 500 FTU kg-1 + 560 xylanase units (TXU) per kilogram + 250 glucanase units (TGU) per kilogram. The use of 500 FTU kg-1 hybrid phytase in pelleted corn-soybean meal diets allows a good digestive performance by broilers and replaces the nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy at 70 kcal kg-1, as well as 0.16% Ca and 0.15% available P.

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Cholesterol-lowering activity of lactic acid bacteria and yeast when used as probiotics in laying quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica)

Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture ◽

10.14710/jitaa.45.4.305-319 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 305-319

Author(s):

L. Istiqomah ◽

A. A. Sakti ◽

A. Sofyan ◽

H. Herdian ◽

A. S. Anggraeni

Keyword(s):

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Production Performance ◽

Coturnix Japonica ◽

Coturnix Coturnix Japonica ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Coturnix Coturnix ◽

Laying Quail

This study aimed to evaluate the administration of Lactobacillus plantarum AKK-30 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae B-18 as probiotics in reducing cholesterol of blood, egg, and meat and also the production performance of laying quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica). A number of 600 birds of the twenty one-day-old quails were distributed in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 6 replications (initial BW= 101.35 ± 1.64 g). Treatments were as follows: A = negative control (basal diet without probiotic), B = 1% of L. plantarum AKK-30 (107 cfu/g), C = 1% of S. cerevisiae B-18 (106 cfu/g), D = 1% of a probiotic consortium, E = positive control (commercial probiotic). Parameters observed were blood biochemistry profiles, product quality, and production performance. The results revealed that administration of 1% S. cerevisiae (C) resulted the lowest cholesterol in blood (101.75 mg/dL) and egg (9.44 mg/g) and while administration of 1% L. plantarum(B) increased meat protein and decreased fat content (P<0.05). Level of blood triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were not different among treatments. Probiotic treatments did not affect the growth performance, quail day production (QDP), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and egg uniformity. However, probiotic increased diameter of egg yolk (P<0.05). It was concluded that administration of single probiotic L. plantarum AKK-30 or S. cerevisiae B-18 improves the quality of laying quail products.

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