Fatty acid profile of adipose tissue and performance of feedlot steers supplemented with dehulled cottonseed and sunflower seed meal protected from ruminal metabolism

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 953 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Gulati ◽  
JR Ashes ◽  
I Ryde ◽  
TW Scott ◽  
GH Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Group I

The effect of feeding dehulled cottonseed protected from ruminal metabolism (PCS). Together with supplements of protected sunflower seed meal (PSM), on the performance and fatty acid profile of adipose tissue in feedlot steers was examined. Sixty-two Hereford cross steers, average weight 470 kg, were assigned to 4 groups and fed rations based on barley-corn silage for 150 days. The diets offered contained 10% untreated whole cottonseed +6% untreated sunflower seed meal (Group I), 10% PCS + 10% PSM (Group 11), 15% PCS + 10% PSM (Group 111), or 20% PCS + 10% PSM (Group IV). Inclusion of PCS at the level of 10, 15, and 20% together with 10% PSM resulted in an increase (P < 0.01) in dressing percentage together with an improvement in feed conversion ratio. There was a 5-8-fold increase in the proportion of linoleic acid (C18: 2) in omental, perirenal, and subcutaneous fat from cattle fed the PCS supplement. A significant reduction occurred in the proportion of oleic acid (C18: 1 cis), but the percentage of palmitic acid (C16: 0) was not affected; the proportion of stearic acid (C18 : 0) in subcutaneous fat increased with PCS supplementation.

A comparison of fatty acid profiles and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers fed canola seed and sunflower seed meal supplements protected from metabolism in the rumen

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Ashes ◽  
RH Thompson ◽  
SK Gulati ◽  
GH Brown ◽  
TW Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

The effect of feeding protected canola seed (PCS) and protected sunflower seed meal (PSM) supplements on the fatty acid profile and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers was examined. Fifty Hereford cross steers, average weight of 290 kg, were assigned to five groups of 10 and fed the following barley based concentrate rations for 133 days: I, control (containing 15% untreated sunflower seed meal (SSM)); 11, PSM 15%; 111, PCS 10%; IV, PSM 15% plus PCS 10%; V, PSM 15% plus PCS 15%. The inclusion of PCS, with and without PSM, increased the proportion of Cis unsaturated fatty acids in the subcutaneous, perirenal and omental fats; there were threefold increases in the proportion of linoleic (18: 2) acid, fivefold increases in linolenic (18 : 3) acid and smaller increases in the proportion of oleic acid (18 : 1). There was a 20-25% reduction in the proportion of palmitic acid, and the largest decrease was observed in the adipose tissue of steers receiving 15% PCS in the diet. Joint feeding of PCS and PSM significantly increased the dressing percentage of carcasses in Groups IV and V and fat depth in Group IV.

Effect of sunflower seed supplementation on the fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissue of pasture-fed and feedlot finished beef

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Basarab ◽  
P. S. Mir ◽  
J. L. Aalhus ◽  
M. A. Shah ◽  
V. S. Baron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Barley Silage

This study examined the effects of whole sunflower seed (WSS) supplementation on pasture and in finishing diets on the fatty acid profile of muscle [gastrocnemius (GN), longissimus thoracis (LT), intercostals (IC)] and adipose tissue [subcutaneous (SQ), intermuscular (IM)]. Ninety-six yearling steers averaging 410 kg were randomly allocated to three pasture (P) dietary treatments: (1) supplemented with WSS (P-WSS, n = 48); (2) supplemented with cracked barley grain (P-BAR, n = 24), and (3) not supplemented (P-CON, n = 24). Steers rotationally grazed meadow bromegrass-alfalfa pasture for 66 d. After 66 d on pasture, half the steers from each dietary treatment were trucked to a feedlot where they were adjusted to finishing diets. The remaining 48 steers continued with their dietary treatment on stockpiled pasture for an additional 47 d (SD = 11) until they were slaughtered directly off pasture. In the feedlot, half the steers from each pasture dietary treatment were fed either a control (83% rolled barley, 10% alfalfa hay, 5% barley silage, 1% molasses and 1% vitamin/mineral premix; F-CON) or a WSS supplemented diet (68% rolled barley, 15% WSS, 10% alfalfa hay, 5% barley silage, 1% molasses and 1%; F-WSS). Provision of WSS to steers grazing pasture for 113 d followed by direct slaughter increased cis-9, trans-11 CLA content in the muscles by 17.0 to 29.1% (GN, 0.570 vs. 0.467; LT, 0.515 vs. 0.399; IC, 0.531 vs. 0.454 mg 100 mg-1 fat) and in adipose tissue by 32.0% in IM (0.636 vs. 0.482 mg 100 mg-1 fat) and 40.3% in SQ (0.839 vs. 0.598 mg 100 mg-1 fat) fat depots compared with control steer slaughtered directly off pasture. On pasture supplementation of WSS also increased C18:1 trans-11 content in muscle by 20.1 to 40.8% and in IM adipose tissue by 55.0%. The inclusion of WSS in finishing diets increased CLA cis-9 trans-11 content in muscle by 31.5 to 209.0% and in adipose tissue by 40.7% in the SQ fat and 25.6% in the IM fat. It also increased C18:1 trans-11 content in muscle by 80.0 to 207.3% and in adipose tissue by 181% in the IM fat and 224% in the SQ fat. Strong, positive relationships were observed between tissues in the concentration of CLA cis-9 trans-11, C18:1 trans-11 and C18:3 (R2, 0.69–0.88; P < 0.0001). The results indicate that increasing the dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in beef cattle diets increased the levels of CLA cis-9 trans-11 and C18:1 trans-11 in muscle and fat tissues. Key words: Beef, pasture, feedlot, fatty acid profile, conjugated linoleic acids, vaccenic acid

scholarly journals Effect of whole cottonseed v. sunflower seed on the fatty acid profile of subcutaneous fat, longissimus dorsi and blood of Thai Native and Holstein bulls

animal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2072-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Polviset ◽  
J.T. Schonewille ◽  
H. Everts ◽  
C. Wachirapakorn ◽  
C. Yuangklang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Whole Cottonseed

Effect of feeding a processed barley/canola meal pellet on performance and carcass quality of feedlot steers

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Williams ◽  
H. C. Block ◽  
D. A. Christensen ◽  
V. Racz ◽  
K. Ataku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Rumen Acidosis ◽  
Total Trial

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding a processed barley/canola meal pellet on feedlot performance and carcass quality of feedlot steers. Cross-bred steers (N = 350) weighing 285 ± 22kg were assigned to 1 of 12 pens and fed either pelleted (PB) or rolled (RB) barley as the concentrate. During backgrounding, cattle were fed a diet that contained 41% PB or RB based-concentrate (DM basis), which consisted of 85% barley and 15% canola meal. During finishing the diet contained 86% concentrate (DM basis), which consisted of 94% pelleted or rolled barley and 6% canola meal. Data collection included daily pen feed intake, individual body weights, ultrasound backfat (USBF) and longissimus dorsi (USLD) area measurements. Carcass data included weight, dressing percentage, marbling and liver abscess scores. Carcass fat, lean and bone percentage, fat color, and l. dorsi intramuscular fat content and fatty acid profile were determined on eight-bone rib samples from 20 randomly selected steers from each treatment. Steers fed the PB had similar ADG during backgrounding (1.29 vs. 1.23 kg d-1; P = 0.30); however, during finishing (1.80 vs. 2.00 kg d-1; P < 0.01) and for the total trial (1.60 vs. 1.70 kg d-1; P < 0.01), daily gains were greater for cattle fed RB. As a result, cattle fed PB were on feed for 10 d longer (P = 0.01) than RB fed cattle. DMI was lower (P < 0.01) for cattle fed PB throughout the trial. Feed conversion (kg feed:kg gain) was superior for the group fed the PB during finishing (6.03 vs. 6.21; P = 0.01) and the total trial (6.27 vs. 6.64; P < 0.01). Both diets produced similar carcasses, but inter-muscular fat percentage was higher (P = 0.03) for the RB group (60.0 vs. 57.4%). Minor differences in fatty acid profile were noted with PB fed steers having higher (P < 0.01) levels of C17:0, C18:3n-3 and C20:4n-6. Results from this study indicate that PB can be used effectively in growing programs, however, further research is required to better manage feeding of PB products to avoid DMI reductions most likely due to sub-acute rumen acidosis. Key words: Cattle, processed barley, performance, carcass quality and composition

Influence of dietary fatty acids on adipose tissue composition and subsequent eating quality of finishing pigs

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 155-155
Author(s):  
M S Redshaw ◽  
J Wiseman ◽  
D J A Cole ◽  
J D Wood ◽  
M Enser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Tissue Composition

It is well established that the fatty acid combustion of adipose issue in pigs (non-ruminants) may be manipulated by changes in the fatty acid profile of the diets. The objective of this program of work was to quantify the responses of adipose depots of finishing pigs to changes in the level and profile of dietary fatty acids and to relate these changes to the sensory quality of meat as determined by taste panel.

Influence of Free Fatty Acid Concentrations and Weight Loss on Adipose Tissue Direct Free Fatty Acid Storage Rates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyi Jia ◽  
B Gisella Carranza Leon ◽  
Michael D Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Plasma Ffa

Abstract Context The factors that determine the recycling of free fatty acids (FFA) back into different adipose tissue depots via the direct storage pathway are not completely understood. Objective To assess the interactions between adipocyte factors and plasma FFA concentrations that determine regional FFA storage rates. Design We measured direct adipose tissue FFA storage rates before and after weight loss under high FFA (intravenous somatostatin and epinephrine) and low (intravenous insulin and glucose) FFA concentrations. Setting Mayo Clinic Clinical Research Unit. Patients Sixteen premenopausal women, BMI 30 - 37 kg/m 2. Intervention Comprehensive lifestyle weight loss program. Main Outcome Measure Direct FFA storage rates in upper and lower body subcutaneous fat. Results Over the entire range of FFA and under isolated conditions of elevated FFA concentrations the storage rates of FFA into upper and lower body subcutaneous fat per unit lipid were associated with concentrations, not adipocyte fatty acid storage factors. Under low FFA conditions, direct FFA storage rates were related to adipocyte CD36 content, not tissue level content of fatty acid storage factors. Weight loss did not change these relationships. Conclusions The regulation of direct FFA storage under low FFA concentration conditions appears to be at the level of the cell/adipocyte content of CD36, whereas under high FFA concentration conditions direct FFA storage at the tissue level is predicted by plasma FFA concentrations, independent of adipocyte size or fatty acid storage factors. These observations offer novel insights into how adipose tissue regulates direct FFA storage in humans.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in east Balkan pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Popova ◽  
J. Nakev ◽  
Y. Marchev
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue

The aim of this study was to provide information on the fatty acid profile of different adipose depots - subcutaneous (upper and inner backfat layers) and intramuscular (m. Longissimus dorsi) in East Balkan pigs. The animals were reared in free-range conditions and slaughtered at an average live weight of 107?1.65kg. The results of the study showed that the various adipose tissues in pigs have different lipid metabolism and hence differ in their fatty acid composition. Intramuscular fat had significantly higher content of the saturated C16:0 and C18:0 (P<0.001), as well as the C16:1 (P<0.001) than the subcutaneous fat. In regards to the content of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, the latter displayed considerably higher content of both C18:2 and C18:3 (P<0.001) in comparison to the intramuscular fat in m. Longissimus dorsi. The differences between the subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in the individual fatty acids determined the similar trend of change in the total content of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Significant differences between the backfat layers were detected for C16:1, C18:0 and C18:3 (P<0.001). Stearic acid (C18:0) displayed higher content of the inner, while both C16:1 and C18:3 had higher proportion in the outer backfat layer in the East Balkan pigs. Except for C20:2, the long chain polyunsaturated n-6 and n-3 fatty acids had significantly higher proportions in the intramuscular fat, however no differences were determined between the two backfat layers.

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