Seed priming in field crops: potential benefits, adoption and challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Faisal Nadeem ◽  
Hafeez ur Rehman ◽  
Abdul Wahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Physical Methods ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Field Crops

Seed priming is a presowing technique in which seeds are moderately hydrated to the point where pregermination metabolic processes begin without actual germination. Seeds are then redried to near their actual weight for normal handling. Seeds can be soaked in tap water (hydropriming), aerated low-water potential solutions of polyethylene glycol or salt solutions (KNO3, KH2PO4, KCl, NaCl, CaCl2 or MgSO4; osmopriming), plant growth regulators, polyamines (hormonal priming), plant growth-promoting bacteria (biopriming), macro or micronutrients (nutripriming) or some plant-based natural extracts. Here, we review: (1) seed priming as a simple and effective approach for improving stand establishment, economic yields and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses in various crops by inducing a series of biochemical, physiological, molecular and subcellular changes in plants; (2) the tendency for seed priming to reduce the longevity of high-vigour seeds and improve the longevity of low-vigour seeds; (3) the advantages of physical methods of seed priming to enhance plant production over conventional methods based on the application of different chemical substances; (4) the various physical methods (e.g. magneto-priming and ionising radiation, including gamma rays, ultraviolet (UV) rays (UVA, UVC) and X-rays) available that are the most promising presowing seed treatments to improve crop productivity under stressful conditions; and (5) effective seed priming techniques for micronutrient delivery at planting in field crops. Seed priming as a cost-effective approach is being used for different crops and in different countries to improve yield, as a complementary strategy to grain biofortification and in genetically improved crop varieties to enhance their performance under stress conditions, including submergence and low phosphorus. Some of the challenges to the broad commercial adaption of seed priming include longevity of seeds after conventional types of priming under ambient storage conditions and a lack of studies on hermetic packaging materials for extended storage.

scholarly journals Salt-tolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria enhanced salinity tolerance of salt-tolerant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars at high salinity

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ansari ◽  
Farid Shekari ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi ◽  
Katalin Juhos ◽  
György Végvári ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigments ◽  
Nodule Number ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

AbstractAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plant growth decreases when cultivated under salinity or irrigated with salty water. Inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is a method for mitigating the harmful effects of salinity on plants growth. To investigate salt-tolerant PGPB with salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive alfalfa cultivar interactions under salinity, some physiological and agronomical aspects were investigated. The inoculated plants of alfalfa cultivars with Hartmannibacter. diazotrophicus and Pseudomonas sp. bacteria were compared with non-inoculated plants. Plants were grown in growth room and irrigated with tap water until 6–7 weeks, and then, salinity stress imposed by irrigating with tap water (control), 10 dS m−1 and 20 dS m−1 NaCl. Salinity reduced relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), K+, photosynthesis rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (gs), leaf number, height, and dry weight, and increased sodium in all cultivars. Inoculation of cultivars with both PGPB mitigated the negative effects of salinity on plants growth by increasing the root length and weight, nodule number, chlorophyll pigments, RWC, MSI, Pn, and gs. Chlorophyll pigments, plant height and leaf number, Na+, K+/Na+, and nodule number improved more pronounced through inoculating with Pseudomonas sp., whereas K+, carotenoids, and RWC improved more pronounced through H. diazotrophicus under salinity. The results showed inoculation with two bacteria improved growth performance in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars under 10 dS m−1, but at high salinity (20 dS m−1), inoculation was successful only in salt-tolerant alfalfa cultivars.

scholarly journals The Contrivance of Plant Growth Promoting Microbes to Mitigate Climate Change Impact in Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1841
Author(s):  
Angelika Fiodor ◽  
Surender Singh ◽  
Kumar Pranaw
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
The Impact

Combating the consequences of climate change is extremely important and critical in the context of feeding the world’s population. Crop simulation models have been extensively studied recently to investigate the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity and food security. Drought and salinity are major environmental stresses that cause changes in the physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes in plants, resulting in significant crop productivity losses. Excessive use of chemicals has become a severe threat to human health and the environment. The use of beneficial microorganisms is an environmentally friendly method of increasing crop yield under environmental stress conditions. These microbes enhance plant growth through various mechanisms such as production of hormones, ACC deaminase, VOCs and EPS, and modulate hormone synthesis and other metabolites in plants. This review aims to decipher the effect of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on plant health under abiotic soil stresses associated with global climate change (viz., drought and salinity). The application of stress-resistant PGPB may not only help in the combating the effects of abiotic stressors, but also lead to mitigation of climate change. More thorough molecular level studies are needed in the future to assess their cumulative influence on plant development.

scholarly journals Current Advances in Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria Alleviating Salt Stress for Sustainable Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7025
Author(s):  
Slimane Mokrani ◽  
El-hafid Nabti ◽  
Cristina Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Stress Alleviation ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Humanity in the modern world is confronted with diverse problems at several levels. The environmental concern is probably the most important as it threatens different ecosystems, food, and farming as well as humans, animals, and plants. More specifically, salinization of agricultural soils is a global concern because of on one side, the permanent increase of the areas affected, and on the other side, the disastrous damage caused to various plants affecting hugely crop productivity and yields. Currently, great attention is directed towards the use of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). This alternative method, which is healthy, safe, and ecological, seems to be very promising in terms of simultaneous salinity alleviation and improving crop productivity. This review attempts to deal with different aspects of the current advances concerning the use of PGPBs for saline stress alleviation. The objective is to explain, discuss, and present the current progress in this area of research. We firstly discuss the implication of PGPB on soil desalinization. We present the impacts of salinity on crops. We look for the different salinity origin and its impacts on plants. We discuss the impacts of salinity on soil. Then, we review various recent progress of hemophilic PGPB for sustainable agriculture. We categorize the mechanisms of PGPB toward salinity tolerance. We discuss the use of PGPB inoculants under salinity that can reduce chemical fertilization. Finally, we present some possible directions for future investigation. It seems that PGPBs use for saline stress alleviation gain more importance, investigations, and applications. Regarding the complexity of the mechanisms implicated in this domain, various aspects remain to be elucidated.

scholarly journals Selective screening and characterization of plant growth promoting bacteria for growth enhancement of tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Yavarian ◽  
Parvaneh Jafari ◽  
Neda Akbari ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Background and Objectives: Plant Growth-promoting Bacteria (PGPB) can replace the dangerous chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The aim of this study was to isolate the PGPBs for Lycopersicon esculentum plant and to determine the appropriate volume for inoculation. Materials and Methods: Plants samples were collected from tomato fields. Nitrogen fixing-PGPBs were isolated from rhizoplane and rhizosphere. Five isolates were screened based on their growth abilities and examined for PGPB traits including phosphate solubilization, and IAA, ammonia and HCN production. After high cell density cultivation, the cells were separated by centrifugation and freeze dried after resuspension in cryoprotectant. The powders were inoculated into sterile soil with a dose of 106 , 107 and 108 CFUs/g. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) seeds were sown in soil and after 42 days the shoot length was measured. Results: Most of the potent PGPBs with high growth capacity were isolated from rhizoplane. Maximum phosphate solubilization was 289.7 µg/ml by NFB12 which isolated from rhizoplane. This strain produced the maximum level of IAA. NFB12 produced ammonia without the ability of production of HCN. This strain enhanced shoot length in dosed dependent manner. Surprisingly, inoculation of soil with 108 CFUs/g dramatically decreased the shoot length by 21%. Based on molecular approach NFB12 was identified as Bacillus megaterium. Conclusion: Isolation of specific PGPBS is recommended for sustainable plant production. Our results showed that NBF12 improves tomato plant growth and its effect on tomato plant growth is does dependent. Maximum growth rate of tomato was observed with 107 CFUs/g soil inoculation of NFB12 while higher inoculation showed negative effect.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Rice Seedlings Growth Promotion Abilities of Azoarcus sp. CIB by Heterologous Expression of ACC Deaminase to Improve Performance of Plants Exposed to Cadmium Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Fernández-Llamosas ◽  
Juan Ibero ◽  
Sofie Thijs ◽  
Valeria Imperato ◽  
Jaco Vangronsveld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Cloning And Expression ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Promising Alternative

Environmental pollutants can generate stress in plants causing increased ethylene production that leads to the inhibition of plant growth. Ethylene production by the stressed plant may be lowered by Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) that metabolizes the immediate precursor of ethylene 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC). Thus, engineering PGPB with ACC deaminase activity can be a promising alternative to mitigate the harmful effects of pollutants and thus enhance plant production. Here we show that the aromatics-degrading and metal-resistant Azoarcus sp. CIB behaves as a PGP-bacterium when colonizing rice as an endophyte, showing a 30% increment in plant weight compared to non-inoculated plants. The cloning and expression of an acdS gene led to a recombinant strain, Azoarcus sp. CIB (pSEVA237acdS), possessing significant ACC deaminase activity (6716 nmol mg−1 h−1), constituting the first PGPB of the Rhodocyclaceae family equipped with this PGP trait. The recombinant CIB strain acquired the ability to protect inoculated rice plants from the stress induced by cadmium (Cd) exposure and to increase the Cd concentration in rice seedlings. The observed decrease of the levels of reactive oxygen species levels in rice roots confirms such a protective effect. The broad-host-range pSEVA237acdS plasmid paves the way to engineer PGPB with ACC deaminase activity to improve the growth of plants that might face stress conditions.

scholarly journals Isolation of Pseudomonas Strains with Potential for Protection of Soybean Plants against Saline Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2236
Author(s):  
Stefanie Bernardette Costa-Gutierrez ◽  
María Carolina del Valle Caram-Di Santo ◽  
Ana María Zenoff ◽  
Manuel Espinosa-Urgel ◽  
Ricardo Ezequiel de Cristóbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida Kt2440 ◽  
Soybean Plants

Salinity is a major detrimental factor for plant growth and crop productivity that could be alleviated by the use of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) with a protective role in such stressful conditions. In this study, four native strains of the genus Pseudomonas were isolated from both a strongly saline soil and the rhizosphere of soybean plants grown in a slightly saline soil. These isolates were able to tolerate high NaCl concentration, showed efficient adhesion to biotic and abiotic surfaces and efficiently colonized the rhizosphere of soybean grown in slightly saline soil. In these conditions, the four strains outperformed Pseudomonas putida KT2440, a strain known as a good root colonizer of different plants. Inoculation with all the isolates improved seed germination and vigor index, particularly in saline conditions, and one of them also had a positive effect on shoot length and phenological state of soybean plants grown in slightly saline soil. Our results suggest that the search for classical plant growth promotion traits may not be mandatory for selecting putative PGPB. Instead, characteristics such as stress tolerance, adhesion, competitive colonization, and plant growth promotion should be tested using the soil types and crops in which the bacteria will be used.

scholarly journals Effect of foliar and soil application of plant growth promoting bacteria on growth, physiology, yield and seed quality of maize under Mediterranean conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aspasia Efthimiadou ◽  
Nikolaos Katsenios ◽  
Sofia Chanioti ◽  
Marianna Giannoglou ◽  
Nikola Djordjevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Crude Fiber Content ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

AbstractThe use of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) as biostimulants favors the increase of crop productivity and the improvement of yield quality. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of the PGPB biostimulants (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megatherium and their mixes) and the application method (foliar and soil) on the growth, the physiology, the yield and the quality of maize. The obtained results showed that A. chroococcum treatment increased the chlorophyll content up to 6.1%, the photosynthetic rate up to 18.4% and the transpiration rate up to 34.3%. The highest maize yields were performed by the treatments B. megatherium (244.67 g) and the mix of A. chroococcum and B. subtilis (1:1) (243.67 g) when applied on the soil. The Soil application of the PGPB resulted in increased yield of maize from 5.5 to 13.4% compared to control treatment. Concerning quality characteristics, B. subtilis treatment increased total solids content in harvested maize seeds by 92%, as well as crude fiber content by 46% compared to control. The results confirmed that the use of PGPB could contribute as a new cultivation practice for sustainable growth, productivity and quality of grain crops.

scholarly journals Harnessing Trichoderma in Agriculture for Productivity and Sustainability

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2559
Author(s):  
Nur Syafikah Abdullah ◽  
Febri Doni ◽  
Muhamad Shakirin Mispan ◽  
Mohd Zuwairi Saiman ◽  
Yusmin Mohd Yusuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
The Impact

Increased agricultural activities driven by rising food demand have led to environmental problems mostly arising from the high levels of external inputs and resources that are required. Additionally, environmental changes, such as global warming, can lead to various biotic and abiotic stresses, which have negative impacts on crop production. Numerous solutions and agricultural strategies have been introduced to overcome these problems. One of the ways to improve plant production as well as to increase resistance towards biotic and abiotic stresses is by utilizing beneficial microbes as soil inoculants. A better understanding of the ability of Trichoderma to enhance crop production and the mechanisms that are involved are important for deriving maximum benefits from their exploitation. These versatile fungi hold great promise for the development of viable commercial products that can be used widely in agriculture for increasing crop productivity in a more sustainable way. Many previous reviews on Trichoderma have tended to focus on the mechanisms of Trichoderma in enhancing plant growth and yield. This current review discusses the sustainability aspect of using Trichoderma as plant growth regulators, the impact on plant growth and yield as well as their effects in regulating biotic and abiotic stresses.

Isolation and identification of plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with tall fescue

2009 ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Monk ◽  
E. Gerard ◽  
S. Young ◽  
K. Widdup ◽  
M. O'Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) is a useful alternative to ryegrass in New Zealand pasture but it is slow to establish. Naturally occurring beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere can improve plant growth and health through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Keywords: rhizosphere, endorhiza, auxin, siderophore, P-solubilisation

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