Improved method for assessing rice soil suitability to restrict recharge

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Beecher ◽  
I. H. Hume ◽  
B. W. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Depth Interval ◽  
Rice Soil ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Soil Suitability ◽  
Physico Chemical

Groundwater recharge below ponded rice fields is a significant contributor to rising groundwater levels and the threat of soil and water salinisation. Reduced groundwater recharge is essential for sustainable rice based, irrigated farming systems in southern Australia. Currently a soil is deemed as suitable for rice production if 1 soil profile per 4 ha contains 2 m or more of continuous medium or heavy clay textured material. However, this study showed clay content to be a poor predictor of groundwater recharge. Electromagnetic induction surveys of rice fields can show variation in soil physico–chemical properties across rice fields. This allows the delineation of distinctly different areas of a field based on EM readings and allows accurate targeting of soil sampling and measurements. This study used soil chemical and physical properties and groundwater recharge data to assess the adequacy of the current rice soil suitability classification method. A 3-stage classification scheme of rice land suitability is proposed including EM31 soil mapping and measurement of soil sodicity as key components. The proposed scheme is as follows: (i) include the soil as suitable if the EM31v measurement is equal to or greater than 150 mS/m; (ii) if EM31v <150, include the soil if the ESP of the top 60 cm of the soil is greater than 6, or the ESP of the depth interval between 60 and 150 cm is greater than 12; (iii) all other soils are excluded from ricegrowing. The proposed scheme's ability to correctly identify low permeability soil in rice fields as suitable for rice growing was confirmed by the recharge values measured in these fields.

scholarly journals Zinc Adsorption in Relation to Soil Properties, Analysed with Langmuir and Freundlich Models in Soils of Kashmir Valley

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Syed Sadat ◽  
N. Z. Rehman ◽  
M. A. Bhat ◽  
M.A. Wani
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Langmuir And Freundlich Equations ◽  
Zinc Adsorption

The phenomenon of fixation of added zinc in soils considerably affects the availability and efficiency of applied zinc. Pertaining to this situation, different land-use soil samples across the valley were analysed for various physico-chemical properties and adsorption capacities. The results showed that the soils were slightly acidic to alkaline in reaction and differ far and wide in other soil properties. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soils showed little variation between the samples and varied from13.3 to 17.2 cmol(p+) kg-1 with an average value of 15.1 cmol(p+) kg-1of soil. The maximum of zinc adsorption were greatly influenced by soil organic matter, clay content and CEC of the soils. The data was fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich equations and the results yielded that the Freundlich equation showed better fit to the sorption data at higher zinc concentrations. However, both the models were having satisfactory results for the obtained data.

Hydration of Cement Minerals in a Hydraulic Dolomitic Binder

2018 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 356-361
Author(s):  
Inta Kirilovica ◽  
Inta Vitina ◽  
Lauma Lindina
Keyword(s):  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Art Nouveau ◽  
Physico Chemical

Dolomitic Roman cement was a widely used binder for construction purposes during the late 19th/ early 20th century in territory of Latvia. Because of its hydraulic properties and fast setting it was especially favorable for the usage for the cast elements of Art Nouveau style facades. The production of the material was discontinued in the middle of the 20th century. Nevertheless, there is a need of compatible material for restoration purposes that is not currently commercially available. A compatible binder has been synthesized from mixture of dolomite flour and clay. The research gives an insight of the ongoing chemical processes during the hydration of the cement minerals in the binder. The influence of clay content in compositions and of firing temperature on the physico-chemical properties and mineralogical composition of obtained material is estimated.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical Properties of Soil of Rangapani Tea Estate of Bangladesh

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-688
Author(s):  
M. N. Islam ◽  
A. F. M. Sanaullah
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils ◽  
Topographic Positions

Bangladesh is one of the tea producing countries of the world. It has 163 tea estates. Rangapani is a low yielding tea estate relative to other neighboring tea estates of Chittagong district in Bangladesh. A total 54 soil samples were collected from six different hills and three topographic positions having different depths of Rnagapanni Tea-Estate. Physico-Chemical properties of soils such as active acidity, reserve acidity, cation exchange capacity and clay content of the collected soil samples were determined. The measured parameters of the soil samples were plotted and analyzed with reference to site and topography. The parameters have been found to vary with sampling sites, depths and topography. Active acidity and reserve acidity were very low, with some exceptions compared to the optimum range for tea cultivation. Sand, silt, clay and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were found in reasonable range Keywords:  Soil; Active acidity; Reserve acidity; Cation exchange capacity; Clay content. © 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: 10.3329/jsr.v3i3.7503               J. Sci. Res. 3 (3), 683-688 (2011)

scholarly journals Diversity and Management Strategies of Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Moroccan Organic Farming and Their Relationship with Soil Physico-Chemical Properties

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 447
Author(s):  
Ghizlane Krif ◽  
Fouad Mokrini ◽  
Aicha El Aissami ◽  
Salah-Eddine Laasli ◽  
Mustafa Imren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Organic Farming Systems ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Organic farming has been increasing steadily over the last decade and is expected to grow drastically in the future. Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are known as one of the most important pests attacking various plants in conventional and organic farming systems. A survey was conducted in January 2019 to determine the occurrence and diversity of PPNs, their associations with soil properties, and to assess their management methods in organically farmed fields in Southern Morocco. Twelve genera of PPNs were identified in soil and root samples collected from 53 organic fields, including Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Tylenchus, Tylenchorynchus, Criconemoides, Trichodorus, and Xiphinema. The root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and the root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus spp.) were the most prevalent PPNs. Vegetable crops (bean, onion, and tomato) had high nematode diversity indices compared to some aromatic and medicinal crops, including the Shannon, Evenness, and plant parasitic index (PPI). Our study underlined that several PPN genera were significantly correlated with soil physico-chemical properties, in particular, soil structure and organic matter. Therefore, it was concluded that soil properties have a considerable impact on PPN communities in organic farming systems located in Southern Morocco. There are numerous strategies for the control of PPNs in organic farming systems.

scholarly journals Growth responses of C3 and C4 crops to soil physico-chemical properties in Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Odimegwu Vitus Chinonso ◽  
Weli Vincent Ezikornwor ◽  
Nwagbara Moses Okemini
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Sand Content ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Rivers State

This study evaluated the growth responses of C3 and C4 crops to soil physico-chemical properties in Rivers State. The C3 crop refers to Pumpkin and Cucumber while C4 crop refers to Amaranthus in this study. The research work made use of three crops (Pumpkin, Cucumber and Amaranthus in some selected sites in Rivers State and the study was carried out both in the dry and wet seasons. Soil samples were collected from both topsoil (0-15cm) and subsoil (15-30cm). The crops and soil samples were taken to the laboratory for further analysis. Mean values and standard deviations were used to describe the analysis while analysis of variance (ANOVA), Duncan, and Kruskal Wallis were used to test the hypotheses. All analyses were carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 21.1 Version. Findings showed that sand content in Oyigbo had the highest in the topsoil at 95.37% while Etche had highest in silt content at 1.87%. For the subsoil, Oyigbo also had the highest sand content at 93.30% while Ikwerre had the highest clay content at 6.63% in subsoil. For chemical properties of soil, total organic carbon and magnesium were highest in Oyigbo at 1.91% and 24.00% respectively for topsoil while for subsoil potassium was highest in Ikwerre at 8.30%. It was also discovered C3 and C4 crops planted in Oyigbo, Etche and Ikwerre varied from the nutrients standards recommended by USDA (2014). The following nutrients and minerals were considered: energy, carbohydrates, protein, total fat, cholesterol, dietary fiber, vitamins, folates, niacin, pantogenic acid, pyridoxine, riboflavin, thiamin, Electrolytes, sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese phosphorus, and zinc. For standards recommended by (USDA 2014), only energy, iron, zinc, manganese, vitamin E, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacin and pantothenic acid at Oyigbo met the standards, also Riboflavin and iron at Ikwerre met the (USDA 2014) standards while only folates at Etche met the (USDA 2014) standards. The study recommended that the soil nutrients and pH should be improved across the three locations and the acidic nature of both topsoil and subsoil should be improved by neutralizing the soil with lime.

scholarly journals Agroecological evaluation of interrelationships of soil properties in time and space

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
V. I. Savich ◽  
V. V. Gukalov ◽  
A. E. Sorokin ◽  
M. D. Konakh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper assesses the relationship between the physico-chemical and agro-chemical properties of sod-podzolic soils in the Moscow region and ordinary heavy-loamy chernozems in the Krasnodar region within the catenas and down the soil profile. Soil properties changed significantly through seasonal dynamics. From the end of April to the middle of June in the soil solution of sod-podzolic soils, the value of Eh varied from 534 to 759 mv, the ratio of NO3/NH4 – from 0.2 to 15.4; the content of water-soluble manganese – from 4.0 to 10.1. At the same time, there was a delay in change of soil properties, as humidity and temperature varied. It is shown that in different intervals of soil properties between individual indicators of fertility, the effects of synergism and antagonism are manifested. The degree of mutual influence of soil properties depended on both the degree of soil fertilization and the degree of their cultivation. Information relationships were manifested not only between the soil properties, but also between the processes. Temporary excessive moistening of the soil led to acidification of the soil in the washing type of water mode, and to alkalinization in the non-washing type. It is proposed to account for the relationship of soil properties with humidity, temperature, pH, and Eh to adjust the components of farming systems.

scholarly journals A Review on Adsorption and Desorption of Different Pesticides in Various Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Dhara D. Lunagariya ◽  
K. G. Patel ◽  
Susheel Singh ◽  
Vipulkumar B. Parekh ◽  
T. R. Ahlawat
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adsorption And Desorption ◽  
Pesticide Removal ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Pesticides are important to the success of agriculture as well as an inevitable factor to maintain good public health. Over the years, the consumption of pesticides has increased manifold, particularly during the past two decades. However, this increase has caused great concern over the presence of residues or leftover pesticides in the environment. The understanding of adsorption and desorption behavior of different pesticides is an important phenomenon to describe the fate of pesticide in soil and other environmental compartment like water and sediment. The soil is considered as ultimate sink of pesticide as these were reached to soil directly or indirectly from the point/non-point sources. Adsorption–desorption processes are necessary in understanding pesticides retention behavior and its potential mobility within the soil. The behavior of pesticides in the soil depends on factors such as the physico-chemical properties of pesticides, the active surface of mineral, organic components and the amount of the pesticide applied. Henceforth, adsorption and desorption of soil applied pesticides needed to deal with greater sincerity. This review primarily ascertains dominant properties of pesticides including surface area, pH, surface functional groups, carbon content and aromatic structure and evaluate the adsorption and desorption of pesticide in agricultural soils. In addition, a vision for future research prospects has been anticipated by considering the pesticide bioavailability as residues in soil, influence of soil organic matter, clay content, pH and soil temperature on pesticide removal, pesticide properties and its behavior in soils.

scholarly journals Predictive physico-chemical model for soil quality index in a long-term green manure farming system at tropical conditions, North-eastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gislaine dos Santos Nascimento ◽  
Tancredo Souza ◽  
Lucas Jónatan Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Lídia Klestadt Laurindo ◽  
Djail Santos
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
C Stock

Abstract Soil quality index shed light on soil health and its capacity to sustain high primary production. It also can assist decision-making in farming systems by integrating this valuable product into soil management planning. However, the currently existing models are based on rather local data, and thus, there is a lack of predictive tools to monitor soil quality on farming systems at tropical conditions. We characterized soil physico-chemical properties, plant biomass production under a 6-year experiment in a sandy soil from Tropical ecosystem, using ten treatments: Brachiaria decumbens, Canavalia ensiformis, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Crotalaria spectabilis, Lablab purpureus, Mucuna pruriens, Neonotonia wightii, Pennisetum glaucum, and Stilozobium aterrimum. We found that most of the soil physico-chemical properties were correlated with each other by Pearson’s correlation analysis. On the other hand, RDA illustrated that shoot dry biomass was related to soil C stock, K+, macro- and microporosity. Soil pH, Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Olsen’s P, Na+, soil C stock, bulk density, microporosity, macroporosity, and permanent wilting point were the main factors driving primary production in our long-term study. Our findings suggest that: 1) a consecutive green manure practice without any input of fertilizers after 6 years changed positively by increasing soil fertility (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Olsen’s P), and improving plant growth and soil quality in tropical savanna climate conditions; and 2) the 33 multivariate predictive models may provide a deeper view about the benefits of using plant species as green manure by creating positive plant-soil feedback thus promoting soil quality.

Decoration of specific sites on freeze-fractured membranes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
H. Gross ◽  
H. Moor
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Forces ◽  
Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water Of Hydration ◽  
Small Container ◽  
Binding Forces

Fracturing under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV, p ≤ 10-9 Torr) produces membrane fracture faces devoid of contamination. Such clean surfaces are a prerequisite foe studies of interactions between condensing molecules is possible and surface forces are unequally distributed, the condensate will accumulate at places with high binding forces; crystallites will arise which may be useful a probes for surface sites with specific physico-chemical properties. Specific “decoration” with crystallites can be achieved nby exposing membrane fracture faces to water vopour. A device was developed which enables the production of pure water vapour and the controlled variation of its partial pressure in an UHV freeze-fracture apparatus (Fig.1a). Under vaccum (≤ 10-3 Torr), small container filled with copper-sulfate-pentahydrate is heated with a heating coil, with the temperature controlled by means of a thermocouple. The water of hydration thereby released enters a storage vessel.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document