scholarly journals Growth responses of C3 and C4 crops to soil physico-chemical properties in Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Odimegwu Vitus Chinonso ◽  
Weli Vincent Ezikornwor ◽  
Nwagbara Moses Okemini
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Sand Content ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Rivers State

This study evaluated the growth responses of C3 and C4 crops to soil physico-chemical properties in Rivers State. The C3 crop refers to Pumpkin and Cucumber while C4 crop refers to Amaranthus in this study. The research work made use of three crops (Pumpkin, Cucumber and Amaranthus in some selected sites in Rivers State and the study was carried out both in the dry and wet seasons. Soil samples were collected from both topsoil (0-15cm) and subsoil (15-30cm). The crops and soil samples were taken to the laboratory for further analysis. Mean values and standard deviations were used to describe the analysis while analysis of variance (ANOVA), Duncan, and Kruskal Wallis were used to test the hypotheses. All analyses were carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 21.1 Version. Findings showed that sand content in Oyigbo had the highest in the topsoil at 95.37% while Etche had highest in silt content at 1.87%. For the subsoil, Oyigbo also had the highest sand content at 93.30% while Ikwerre had the highest clay content at 6.63% in subsoil. For chemical properties of soil, total organic carbon and magnesium were highest in Oyigbo at 1.91% and 24.00% respectively for topsoil while for subsoil potassium was highest in Ikwerre at 8.30%. It was also discovered C3 and C4 crops planted in Oyigbo, Etche and Ikwerre varied from the nutrients standards recommended by USDA (2014). The following nutrients and minerals were considered: energy, carbohydrates, protein, total fat, cholesterol, dietary fiber, vitamins, folates, niacin, pantogenic acid, pyridoxine, riboflavin, thiamin, Electrolytes, sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese phosphorus, and zinc. For standards recommended by (USDA 2014), only energy, iron, zinc, manganese, vitamin E, riboflavin, pyridoxine, niacin and pantothenic acid at Oyigbo met the standards, also Riboflavin and iron at Ikwerre met the (USDA 2014) standards while only folates at Etche met the (USDA 2014) standards. The study recommended that the soil nutrients and pH should be improved across the three locations and the acidic nature of both topsoil and subsoil should be improved by neutralizing the soil with lime.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical Properties of Soil of Rangapani Tea Estate of Bangladesh

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-688
Author(s):  
M. N. Islam ◽  
A. F. M. Sanaullah
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils ◽  
Topographic Positions

Bangladesh is one of the tea producing countries of the world. It has 163 tea estates. Rangapani is a low yielding tea estate relative to other neighboring tea estates of Chittagong district in Bangladesh. A total 54 soil samples were collected from six different hills and three topographic positions having different depths of Rnagapanni Tea-Estate. Physico-Chemical properties of soils such as active acidity, reserve acidity, cation exchange capacity and clay content of the collected soil samples were determined. The measured parameters of the soil samples were plotted and analyzed with reference to site and topography. The parameters have been found to vary with sampling sites, depths and topography. Active acidity and reserve acidity were very low, with some exceptions compared to the optimum range for tea cultivation. Sand, silt, clay and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were found in reasonable range Keywords:  Soil; Active acidity; Reserve acidity; Cation exchange capacity; Clay content. © 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: 10.3329/jsr.v3i3.7503               J. Sci. Res. 3 (3), 683-688 (2011)

Microbe Associated Phytoremediation Technology for Management of Oil Sludge

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Monika Chandrabhan Dhote
Keyword(s):  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Oil Sludge ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Petroleum Refineries ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

Environmental contamination due to petroleum compounds is a serious global issue. Oil /petroleum refineries produce huge amount of oil sludge during drilling, storage, transport, refining which spoil soil and ground water resources. Such activities release different compounds viz. alkane, mono- polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), asphaltene, resins and heavy metals. Due to physico-chemical properties, PAHs are one of most targeted compounds as they are highly persistent, carcinogenic, and have mutagenic effects on ecosystem. Such problems of PAHs drag researcher's attention to find some reliable and cost effective solution for oil sludge disposal management. Since last few decades, extensive research work has been carried out on various methods for treatment of oil sludge. In recent years, microbial assisted phytoremediation treatment technologies are being studied since these are reliable and cost effective for field applications. Here, we have discussed about combined eco-friendly technology of plant and microbe(s) to treat oil sludge for its better management.

scholarly journals Factors of soil diversity in the Batumi delta (Georgia)

Solid Earth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bülent Turgut ◽  
Merve Ateş
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Sand Content ◽  
Soil Diversity ◽  
Delta Plain ◽  
Mean Weight Diameter

Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine certain basic properties of soils in the Batumi delta (southwestern Georgia) to determine the relationships of studied properties and to identify differences with regards to these properties between different sampling sites in the delta that were selected based on the delta morphology. In this context, a total of 125 soil samples were collected from five different sampling sites, and the clay, silt and sand content of the samples were determined along with their mean weight diameter (MWD) values, aggregate stability (AS) values, amount of water retained under −33 (FC) and −1500 kPa (WP) pressure and organic matter (OM) content. Correlation analysis indicated that clay content and OM were positively correlated with MWD, and OM was positively correlated with AS. However, the sand content was found to be negatively correlated with MWD. In addition, clay, silt and OM content were positive correlated with FC and WP. Variance analysis results determined statistically significant differences between the sampling sites with respect to all of the evaluated properties. The active delta section of the study area was characterized by high sand content, while the lower delta plain was characterized by high OM and AS values, and the upper delta plain was characterized by high MWD values, high FC and WP moisture content levels and high clay and silt content. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the examined properties were significantly affected by the different morphological positions and usages of these different areas. These results may help with the management of agricultural lands in the Batumi delta, which has never been studied before.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical Parameters of Honey From Melipona mondury Smith, 1863 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Marcos de Oliveira Alves ◽  
Jacqueline Lemos Viana ◽  
Henrique de Abreu Cerqueira Sousa ◽  
Ana Maria Waldschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physico Chemical

The physico-chemical properties of honey produced by the stingless bee Melipona mondury from Atlantic Forest in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil were evaluated. The evaluated characteristics included: water content, electrical conductivity, pH, acidity, water activity, ashes, diastase, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), reducing sugars and saccharose values. The honey samples showed mean values of 29.18% for moisture; 391.5 μS for electrical conductivity; pH of 4.06; 34.3 meq kg-1 for acidity; 0.73 for water activity; 0.18% for ashes; 4.05 (Goethe unit) for diastase; 1.60% for HMF; 65.42% for reducing sugars; and 2.14% of saccharose. Only the diastase activity was above the limits accepted by the Technical Regulation for Identity and Quality of Honey (Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture and Supplies). Most parameters are according to those reported in honeys from other species of stingless bees in Brazil.

Improved method for assessing rice soil suitability to restrict recharge

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Beecher ◽  
I. H. Hume ◽  
B. W. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Depth Interval ◽  
Rice Soil ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Soil Suitability ◽  
Physico Chemical

Groundwater recharge below ponded rice fields is a significant contributor to rising groundwater levels and the threat of soil and water salinisation. Reduced groundwater recharge is essential for sustainable rice based, irrigated farming systems in southern Australia. Currently a soil is deemed as suitable for rice production if 1 soil profile per 4 ha contains 2 m or more of continuous medium or heavy clay textured material. However, this study showed clay content to be a poor predictor of groundwater recharge. Electromagnetic induction surveys of rice fields can show variation in soil physico–chemical properties across rice fields. This allows the delineation of distinctly different areas of a field based on EM readings and allows accurate targeting of soil sampling and measurements. This study used soil chemical and physical properties and groundwater recharge data to assess the adequacy of the current rice soil suitability classification method. A 3-stage classification scheme of rice land suitability is proposed including EM31 soil mapping and measurement of soil sodicity as key components. The proposed scheme is as follows: (i) include the soil as suitable if the EM31v measurement is equal to or greater than 150 mS/m; (ii) if EM31v <150, include the soil if the ESP of the top 60 cm of the soil is greater than 6, or the ESP of the depth interval between 60 and 150 cm is greater than 12; (iii) all other soils are excluded from ricegrowing. The proposed scheme's ability to correctly identify low permeability soil in rice fields as suitable for rice growing was confirmed by the recharge values measured in these fields.

scholarly journals Changes in physico-chemical properties of paddy soil due to water and fertilizer management

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Israt Jahan ◽  
AKM Abul Ahsan ◽  
MMR Jahangir ◽  
Mahmud Hossain ◽  
Md Anwarul Abedin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physico Chemical

Soil physico-chemical properties are an important phenomenon for sustainable crop production and maintenance of optimum soil health. Hence, a laboratory measurement was conducted with soil samples of three years long experimental field of the Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to assess the changes in five selected soil physico-chemical properties viz. soil texture, bulk density, soil pH, total nitrogen and organic matter. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with two water regimes (continuous flooding and alternate wetting & drying) in the main plots and five fertilizer treatments (N0 - control, N1- 140 kg N/ha as PU, N2- 104 kg N/ha as USG (2× 1.8 g/ 4 hills), N3 - 5 t CD + PU @ 140 kg N /ha on IPNS basis and N4- 5 t CD + USG (2× 1.8 g/ 4 hills @ 104 kg N/ha)) in the subplots under rice-rice cropping pattern with three replications. After three years, soil samples were collected at 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil depths for measuring bulk density and at 0-10 cm depth for other soil properties and analyzed. Results found that % sand, % silt, % clay, bulk density and soil pH was not changed significantly compared to initial status. Percentage of total nitrogen and organic matter was significantly affected by irrigation and fertilization. Total nitrogen (%) was higher in AWD whereas organic matter (%) was higher in CF practice. The highest total nitrogen (%) and organic matter (%) was found in N4 treatment in which USG was applied in combination with cowdung as organic manure. It can be suggested that N4 treatment was formed good combination for sustaining chemical properties of soil. Further long- term experimentation will be needed to know the changes in soil properties for sustainable crop production and improving soil health. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (2), 65-71

scholarly journals Mycoflora of Crude Oil Polluted Soils of Ukwa West of Abia State Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
J. M. Madu ◽  
A. I. Ogbonna ◽  
C. I. C. Ogbonna
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Starch Agar

Aim: Bioremediation of soil play a critical role in removing pollutants from crude oil polluted soil. To investigate the mycoflora of crude oil polluted area of Ukwa West Local Government in the present Abia State. Methodology: Portions of the soil samples collected from three (3) locations were plated out separately on Yeast Starch Agar, Starch Agar, and Cellulose Agar using soil plate methods. The culture plates were examined after 5-7 and 14 days for the presence of fungi. Pure cultures of the isolates were obtained by subculturing and the physico-chemical properties of the soil samples were determined using standard methods. Results: Twenty species (20) of fungi were isolated from the crude oil polluted soil sample and represented by their respective genera. Eight (8) species of Aspergillus representing 40%, two (2) species of Thermomyces representing 10% each, and one (1) species of Penicillium, Cladosporium, Cunninghamella, Curvularia, Trichoderma, Scopulariopsis, Sporotrichum and Basipetospora representing 5% each. Aspergillus species were predominant which include among others A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. parasiticus, A. oryzae, A. terreus. The physico-chemical properties of the soil sample were found to be varied and have affected the distribution and population of fungi. The pH values ranged from 4.81- 5.58 as compared to the control ranging from 5.72- 6.50 for soil samples A, B and C. The moisture content values ranged between 26.46-29.59% as compared to the control ranging from 29.41-32.51%. The soil was found to be high in organic matter content with values of 70.3-82.7% as compared to the control which was 94% for each of the locations. Conclusion: Crude oil polluted soils of Ukwa West of Abia State, Nigeria is rich in fungal biodiversity with the soil’s samples having different physico-chemical properties.

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