Genotype and age effects on sheep meat production. 1. Production and growth

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Hopkins ◽  
D. F. Stanley ◽  
L. C. Martin ◽  
A. R. Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Genotype Effect ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Sheep Meat ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Sire Breed

The growth, wool production and teeth eruption of animals from five genotypes [Poll Dorsetgrowth (PD) × Border Leicester × Merino (BLM); PDg × Merino (M); Poll Dorsetmuscling (PDm) × M; M × M; BL × M] were evaluated over the age span of 4 to 22 months of age. In total, 16 sires were used to generate the animals and these were selected for growth based on estimated breeding values (EBVs), apart from one group (PDm) which was selected for muscling based on EBVs. In total, 595 animals were slaughtered at 4, 8, 14 or 22 months of age. The birthweight of lambs born to BLM ewes was 0.6 kg heavier (P < 0.001) than those born to Merino ewes, and wether lambs were 0.2 kg heavier than ewe lambs (P < 0.001). The yearling weight (YWT) EBV had no effect on birthweight. There were significant (P < 0.001) differences between genotypes for predicted weaning weight at 4 months of age, with a range of 10.6 kg among the groups. The PDg × BLM were the heaviest (37.8 ± 0.7 kg) and the Merino the lightest (27.3 ± 0.8 kg). Wether lambs were 2.0 kg heavier (P < 0.001) than ewe lambs at weaning. The YWT EBV had no effect on weaning weight. There was a significant (P < 0.001) interaction between the age at slaughter and genotype for final liveweight of each age group. The PDg × BLM were the heaviest at each age and the Merinos the lightest, and for the oldest animals, the BLM were significantly (P < 0.05) heavier than PDm × M, whereas at younger ages this was not the case. The significant interaction (P < 0.001) between sex and age at slaughter reflected the increasing difference in liveweight between the sexes as age at slaughter increased. There was also a significant (P < 0.05) interaction between the YWT EBV and age at slaughter. The overall coefficients were –0.01, 0.14, 0.34 and 0.65 for slaughter ages 4, 8, 14 and 22 months, respectively, indicating that in young animals there was no effect of sire YWT EBV on liveweight, but as the animals aged there was an increasing effect such that progeny of sires with high sire YWT EBV were heavier. This effect was evident within all genotypes. There was a sire breed effect on fleece weight and total wool weight (P < 0.001) with Merino-sired hoggets producing 0.4 kg more wool than Border Leicester-sired hoggets and 1.5 kg more than Poll Dorset-sired hoggets. There was a weak genotype effect on time to erupt the first permanent incisor, which if modelled as a proportion of Border Leicester (0, 1/4, 1/2) was significant (–34 ± 12 days, P < 0.05), Border Leicester earlier than not Border Leicester. Ewe lambs took 9 days longer (P < 0.05) to erupt their first permanent incisor compared with wether lambs.

Influence of sire breed, lambing date and summer feed treatments on lamb and young sheep meat production in southern Western Australia.

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
RJ Suiter ◽  
CA Morris
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
Sire Breed

The effects of three 'sire' breeds (Merino, Dorset Horn and Border Leicester) and four lambing dates (LD) on Merino ewe reproductive data and premating liveweights, lamb weights and greasy fleece weights up to 19 months of age were studied. The trial was replicated over 4 lambing years, 1972-75, with approximately 1200 ewes joined per year. A sample 490 lambs per year was recorded after weaning through to 19 months, with the 5-month period between the first December and the following May further subdivided into feeding treatments (two each for the 1972-74 lambings and three for the 1975 lambing). The feeding treatments in all years were pasture v. pasture plus ad libitum cereals (PC), augmented in 1975 by a pasture plus ad libitum cereals and lupins (PCL) treatment. The feeding trials were replicated over seven sites across southern Western Australia, with lambs remaining at the same sites until November. Lamb weaning percentages ranged from 51-80% in the 12 treatment groups (three breeds x four LDs), with sire breed x LD interactions (P=0.06). Year of lambing significantly affected all measured traits of ewes (P < 0.01, except lamb survival, P < 0.05). Breed of ram affected the percentage of ewes lambing (75, 72 and 69; P<0.01) and lambs weaned (72, 67 and 64; P < 0.01), favouring Merino over Dorset Horn over Border Leicester. Lambing in July (LD3, joining about 30 January) was the least productive (P < 0.01), with no significant difference between the two earlier or the later lambing dates. Average ewe liveweights at the start of joining varied with LD treatments (P< 0.01), but group means of ewe reproductive performance were not related to these liveweights. Sire breed effects on lamb birth weight, weaning weight at fixed age of 12-13 weeks and December weight were all ranked in the same order: Border Leicester (heaviest), Dorset Horn, Merino ( P< 0.01). For December weight, the superiority of Border Leicester-sired over Merino-sired lambs was 5.4 kg (21%). The LD effects were also significant ( P < 0.01), with fixed-age weaning weight favouring LD3 lambs, but December weights favouring LD1, LD2 and LD3 in turn above LD4, with a margin of LDr over LD4 of 14.2 kg (64%). December weights of adjacent LD groups differed by 4.7 kg (0.11 kg/day), about equivalent to the within-LD regression of December weight on birth date. Productivity differences (combining reproduction and lamb liveweights), for the 12 sire breed x LD groups indicated an almost two fold range in December weight. For liveweights in the second year of life, regressions (� s.e.) of May or November weights on previous December weights (within subclasses) were 0.86 k 0.02 and 1.05 � 0.04 kg/kg. The PC feeding treatment achieved a 4.1 kg (7%) liveweight margin in November weight plus 0.7 kg greasy fleece weight, at a food cost of 71 3 g/sheep.day (total 11 3 kg/sheep). The PCL treatment achieved a further 2.6 kg liveweight plus 0.1 kg greasy fleece weight at a food cost of 23 kg (+26 kg lupin grain, - 3 kg oats). The liveweight advantages immediately after the feeding trial in May were about double those 6 months later. Effects of sex and birthtype were significant (P<0.01), even at 19 months of age, but birthdate differences within LD were not significant. Border Leicester cross sheep consumed 139 g/day (22%) more than Merinos ( P < 0.01), but achieved no greater weight margin than when unsupplemented.

Genotype and age effects on sheep meat production. 3. Meat quality

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Hopkins ◽  
D. F. Stanley ◽  
L. C. Martin ◽  
E. S. Toohey ◽  
A. R. Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Sheep Meat ◽  
Semimembranosus Muscle ◽  
Sire Breed

A 5 × 4 factorial experiment was designed in which lambs representing five genotypes were slaughtered at four ages (110, 236, 412 and 662 days of age or 4, 8, 14 and 22 months of age). The genotypes represented were Poll Dorsetgrowth × Border Leicester Merino (PDg × BLM), Poll Dorsetgrowth × Merino (PDg × M), Poll Dorsetmuscling × Merino (PDm × M), Merino × Merino (M × M) and Border Leicester × Merino (BL × M). In total, 595 animals were slaughtered and carcass traits, composition and meat quality measured. As the animals grew older, intramuscular fat percentage (IMF) increased in the longissimus (LL) muscle and as the proportion of Border Leicester parentage increased so did the levels of IMF. There was a significant sire breed effect on LL pH at 24 hours after slaughter (pH24), with Merino-sired animals having a higher pH24 than both Poll Dorset and BL-sired animals. A significant dam breed effect was found for pH24 of the semitendinosus (ST) muscle, with lambs born to Merino ewes having a higher pH than those born to BLM ewes. A significant effect of sire estimated breeding value (EBV) for yearling muscling (YEMD) on LL pH was detected indicating an increase in pH as the sire EBV for muscling increased. There was a significant Merino effect for ultimate pH of the ST, with Merino-sired animals having a higher ultimate pH than both Poll Dorset and Border Leicester-sired animals. Sucker lambs had a significantly lower ST pH than older animals. As animal age at slaughter increased, the LL became darker based on L* values. There was a significant increase in a* values as animals became older, with 14 and 22-month-old animals having redder muscle. As LL pH and YEMD EBV increased, a* values decreased. There was a significant interaction between animal age and post mortem aging time such that sucker lambs (4 months old) produced LL with the lowest shear force after 5 days of aging and exhibited the greatest decline in shear force with aging. There was a significant increase in semimembranosus muscle shear force for PDm-sired animals (mean ± s.e., 66.5 ± 1.99 Newtons) compared with other genotypes at 61.4 ± 1.28 Newtons, but this could not be attributed to YEMD.

Genetic evaluation of crossbred lamb production. 2. Breed and fixed effects for post-weaning growth, carcass, and wool of first-cross lambs

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Fogarty ◽  
V. M. Ingham ◽  
A. R. Gilmour ◽  
L. J. Cummins ◽  
G. M. Gaunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Meat Colour ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
Sire Breed

The study evaluated post-weaning growth, carcass characteristics, and wool production of crossbred progeny of 91 sires from more than 7 maternal breeds (including Border Leicester, East Friesian, Finnsheep, Coopworth, White Suffolk, Corriedale, and Booroola Leicester). The sires were joined to Merino and Corriedale ewes at 3 sites over 3 years with 3 link sires in common at each site and year. Post-weaning weight at an average age of 200 days of 2841 ewes and 3027 wethers was analysed using mixed model procedures. The wethers were slaughtered at an average age of 214 days and carcass weight, fat, muscle, meat colour, and ultimate pH (24 h post-slaughter) were analysed. For ewes, hogget fleece weight, yield, fibre diameter, and faecal worm egg count (FEC) were analysed. Sire breed was significant (P < 0.01), with a range of 32.8–39.0 kg for post-weaning weight, 19.1–22.8 kg for hot carcass weight, and for carcass fat levels (11.1–17.2 mm at the GR site (FatGR) and 3.4–6.5 mm at the C site, adjusted to 22 kg carcass weight), with the East Friesian cross carcasses being very lean (FatGR 11.1 mm). Sire breed was significant for eye muscle area (P < 0.01) but not for eye muscle depth, meat colour L* (brightness), or ultimate pH. Sire breed was significant (P < 0.01) for greasy and clean fleece weight (CFW), yield, and fibre diameter (FD), with ranges of 0.9 kg (CFW) and 4.6 μm (FD). Sire breed was not significant for FEC. Type of birth and rearing classification was significant for most traits. National estimated breeding values for the sires that were entered by industry breeders indicated that they covered a range of genetic merit for most traits within their respective breeds and were generally representative of the maternal genetics available in the industry. Where there were large differences between the sire mean and breed mean breeding values the effects on crossbred progeny performance would be small and not expected to affect our conclusions about the breed differences reported. The results provide lamb producers with comparative information on sire breeds for growth, carcass and wool traits. The considerable variation among individual sires within the respective breeds will be reported in later papers.

A comparison of the productive performance of single and twin born Merino ewes

1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
RB Dun ◽  
RS Grewal
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Skin Area ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
Level Of Significance

A comparison has been made of the productive performance of448 single and 466 twin born ewes. The data was obtained over eight years from five autumn mated, single character selection flocks maintained at Trangie Agricultural Research Station. The following highly significant, mean percentage differences were recorded in favour of singles :-fold score, 16.5 ; weaning weight, 12.8 ; 18 month body weight, 3.9 ; greasy fleece weight, 2.9. A 4.3 per cent difference in classing score and a 2.2 per cent difference in clean fleece weight approached the 5 per cent level of significance (P<0.1). Weaning weight analysis revealed a significant interaction between year and type of birth caused by the relatively improved performance of twins in years which favoured lamb growth. An analysis of the components of clean fleece weight showed that the lowered wool production of twins was associated with a decrease in the total number of wool fibres per sheep, caused by reductions in skin area and in the proportion of secondary fibres. Twins and singles did not differ in fibre density, diameter or length. The analysis of fertility (total number of lambs mothered at the first two matings) showed a significant interaction between type of birth and jock. Single born Weight Minus ewes were more fertile, whereas in the other four flocks the difference favoured twins. Without the Weaning Weight Minus flock, twins showed a highly significant advantage of 16.9 per cent in percentage lambs mothered. This difference could be wholly accounted for by higher incidence of multiple births.

Research Regarding Content in Amino-acids and Biological Value of Proteins from Polyodon spathula Sturgeon Meat

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1063-1069
Author(s):  
Cristina Simeanu ◽  
Daniel Simeanu ◽  
Anca Popa ◽  
Alexandru Usturoi ◽  
Dan Bodescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Polyodon Spathula ◽  
The One ◽  
Total Amino Acids

Polyodon spathula sturgeon breed is successfully reared in Romania in many fishery farms for meat production and it is capitalized on domestic market as consumption fish. In the current paper were studied a number of 1400 sturgeons from Polyodon spathula breed (1200 individuals of one summer - P.s.0+ and 200 individuals of fourth summers - P.s.3+). From this flock were weighted around 10%, for each age group, and for laboratory determinations were chosen 10 fishes for each age with the corporal mass close to the group mean. After analysing the fillets gathered from the studied fishes for establishing the chemical characteristics, nutritive and biological values of proteins were drawn some interesting conclusions. So, regarding chemical composition we notice that in the meat of analysed fishes water is in a rate of 75.41% at P.s.3+ and 78.37% for P.s.0+; proteins - between 18.08% for P.s.0+ and 19.89% for P.s.3+, values which place those fishes in the group of protein fishes; lipids - between 2.45% and 3.45%, values which situated those sturgeons in category of fishes with a low content in lipids; collagen � 3.83% at P.s.0+ and 4.14% at P.s.3+ which indicate low values for proteins of weak quality in the meat of those sturgeons. Study of nutritive value for the analysed fishes indicate the fact that fishes P.s.0+ have a mediocre nutritive value, having the ratio w/p of 4.33 while sturgeons P.s.3+ were placed in the 2nd category � fishes with a good nutritive value (rate w/p = 3.79). Energetic value of the studied fillets was 97.39 kcal/100 g for P.s.0+ and 114.31 kcal/100 g for P.s.3+, which enlightened an increase of nutritive value with aging, fact especially due to accumulation of adipose tissue. Study of proteins quality, through the presence of those 8 essential amino-acids in the meat of analysed fishes, show the fact that at sturgeons P.s.0+ proportion of essential amino-acids was 20.88% from total amino-acids, while at sturgeons P.s.3+ was 26.23%, fact which enlightened an increasing of proteins� biological value with fish aging. This fact was also shown by calculation of proteins� biological value through chemical methods (EAA index); calculated value for sturgeons P.s.0+ was a little bit lower (118.73) than the one calculated for sturgeons P.s.3+ (118.79).

Impact of water scarcity on dryland sheep meat production and quality: Key recovery and resilience strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 104511
Author(s):  
Obert C. Chikwanha ◽  
Sandra Mupfiga ◽  
Bosede R. Olagbegi ◽  
Chenaimoyo L.F. Katiyatiya ◽  
Annelin H. Molotsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Key Recovery ◽  
Sheep Meat

Effect of selenium supplementation on survival, liveweight and wool weight of young sheep on Kangaroo Island, South Australia

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (101) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Walker ◽  
GP Hall ◽  
DH Smith ◽  
RW Ponzoni ◽  
GJ Judson
Keyword(s):  
Total Dose ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Fleece Weight

The responses in liveweight, wool weight and survival, to selenium supplementation, were studied in young sheep from weaning to yearling age. The experiment was conducted over three years. In the first year, one sodium selenite supplementation rate was used (total dose 46.5 mg). During the following two years two supplementation rates were administered (total doses 46.5 mg and 93 mg). Mean concentrations of selenium in whole blood in unsupplemented sheep varied from 0.19-0.56 pmol l-l and from 0.20-0.44 pmol l-1 in the two years in which concentrations were measured. Supplementation, which commenced at lamb marking, increased the selenium concentration in sheep at weaning and thereafter. Selenium supplementation improved the break-of-season weight (P < 0.01) and yearling weight (P < 0.01 ) but not weaning weight (0.05 < P < 0.1 ). Hogget fleece weight was improved (P < 0.01 ) and mortality reduced (P < 0.01) by selenium supplementation. There was a treatment x year interaction in mortality rates (P < 0.01 ). There were no significant differences between the two supplementation rates

Sheep meat production in the Brazilian semi-arid region: crossing between indigenous breeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Vieira Landim ◽  
Natan Donato Roriz ◽  
Robson Mateus Freitas Silveira ◽  
Wilder Hernando Ortiz Vega ◽  
Hélio Henrique Araújo Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Sheep Meat ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The Australian sheep industry - undergoing transformation

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Sheep Industry ◽  
Sheep Meat ◽  
Productivity Gain ◽  
Australian Sheep ◽  
Meat Market

Changes in the sheep industry over the last 20 years represent a trend that is unlikely to be reversed. The farm gate value of wool production has decreased from over $6 billion to ~$2.5 billion and the value of sheep meat has increased from $0.5 to $2.2 billion. Wool and meat are now on an equal footing in terms of the economic value of each sector of the industry. Future profitability of both wool and sheep meat production depends on achieving a high rate of productivity gain and improving quality attributes valued by consumers. Wool and sheep meat cannot compete on price or volume with synthetics and cotton in the textile market or with chicken and pork in the meat market. Differentiation based on quality and consistency needs to be measurable and clearly understood by consumers. The combination of genetic selection and good management can deliver improved productivity gain. Skills development and training will be essential for the industry to fully utilise available knowledge and new technologies.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF A TRACEABILITY MODEL APPLIED TO GOAT AND SHEEP MEAT PRODUCTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1062-1072
Author(s):  
Alan C. Bezerra ◽  
Héliton Pandorfi ◽  
Rafael M. Gama ◽  
Francisco F. R. de Carvalho ◽  
Cristiane Guiselini
Keyword(s):  
Meat Production ◽  
Sheep Meat
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document