Growth and chemical composition of Townsville lucerne (Stylosanthes humilis). 1. Dry matter yield and nitrogen content in response to superphosphate

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (21) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
NH Shaw ◽  
CT Gates ◽  
JR Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Minor

In a field experiment on a solodic soil, applications of superphosphate, in the presence of molybdenum, increased the dry matter yield of S. humilis H.B.K. from 2,450 to 5,800 lb an acre, and increased the relative nitrogen content from 2.36 to 3.28 per cent. When this result was examined under more closely controlled conditions in a pot experiment, using the constituent elements of molybdenized superphosphate, it was found that the combination of phosphorus and sulphur produced the greatest dry weight and nitrogen responses. Nevertheless, substantial increases in dry weight of plant tops were obtained with added phosphorus in the absence of sulphur, although the relative nitrogen content of this dry matter was low unless sulphur was also present. There was a small response to molybdenum in this experiment, but calcium played only a minor role. In the pot experiment three replicates were placed in a glasshouse, and one under a light bank in a growth room. Plants grew faster and gave higher dry matter and nitrogen yields under the light bank than in the glasshouse. Attention is drawn to the adaptability that S. humilis displays to a wide range of nutritional conditions, and it is suggested that both the yield and nitrogen content of this legume are probably being limited by nutrient deficiency in most areas of northern Australia where it is being grown.

scholarly journals Nutrient uptake and dry matter yield in the ‘Gunung’ yam (Dioscorea alata) grown on an Ultisol without vine support

1969 ◽  
Vol 79 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
Héber Irizarry ◽  
Ricardo Goenaga ◽  
Ulises Chardón
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Minor Element ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Dioscorea Alata ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
A Minor

Two experiments were established 1 May through 1 December 1991 and 1992 to determine the monthly nutrient uptake and dry matter production of the 'Gunung' yam (Dioscorea alata) grown on an Ultisol. During the first year the plants were fertilized with 0; 667; 1,333; 2,000 and 2,667 kg/ha of a 15-5- 15-5 (N, P2O5, K2O and MgO) fertilizer supplemented with a minor element mixture. No fertilizer was applied the second year. Biomass harvests were conducted at 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 months after planting. At each harvest, the plants were dug-up and separated into leaf-laminas, vine and petioles, roots and tubers. Fresh and oven-dry weights of the plant components were determined and samples from each were analyzed for N, P, K, Ca and Mg. Regardless of the year, tuber dry matter yield was not significantly affected by the fertilizer treatment. Maximum nutrient uptakes were 214 kg/ha of N, 19 kg/ha of P, 223 kg/ha of K, 95 kg/ha of Ca and 9 kg/ha of Mg. Nitrogen, K and Ca uptake peaks occurred about five months after planting. Maximum dry matter production was 11,303 kg/ha, 8,672 kg/ha of which was tuber dry weight. The dry matter production peak occurred at the completion of the 7-month cropping cycle. The plants utilized 24.7 kg/ha of N, 2.2 kg/ha of P, 25.7 kg/ha of K, 11.0 kg/ha of Ca and 1.0 kg/ha of Mg, for every 1,000 kg/ha of edible dry matter produced.

scholarly journals Rhizobacteria inoculation in maize associated with nitrogen and zinc fertilization at sowing

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Andréia de L. Moreno ◽  
Jorge F. Kusdra ◽  
Angelita A. C. Picazevicz
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Total Dry Weight

ABSTRACT Rhizobacteria have a wide range of plant growth-promoting mechanisms of action, making them an alternative and/or complementary biological input for chemical fertilizers. In this respect, the present study aimed to assess growth and nitrogen accumulation in maize plants as a function of Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, zinc and nitrogen application at sowing. The experiment with the ‘AL Bandeirante’ maize variety was conducted in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized design. The treatments were arranged in a 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 factorial scheme, with six repetitions, considering the presence and absence of Azospirillum brasilense (5 g kg-1), Bacillus subtilis (5 mL kg-1) and zinc (20 g kg-1) in the seeds and addition or not of nitrogen (30 kg ha-1) to the soil. The variables assessed were plant height, stem diameter, leaf, stem, shoot, root and total dry weight, and shoot nitrogen content. Nitrogen fertilization in the absence of zinc increased shoot and total dry weight as well as shoot nitrogen content. Zinc applied to the seeds improved the total and stem dry weight of maize plants in the absence of Bacillus subtilis. Inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus subtilis increased the stem diameter and shoot nitrogen content of maize plants when nitrogen fertilization was not performed at sowing. There was no isolated or interaction effect between factors for plant height and root dry weight.

scholarly journals Nodule efficiency of three soybean genotypes inoculated by different methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 356-360
Author(s):  
V. Milić ◽  
N. Mrkovački ◽  
M. Popović ◽  
Đ. Malenčić
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Nr Activity

The objective of the study was to investigate how the inoculation of soybean seed (variety Afrodita, and lines NS-L-2016 and NS-L-300168) with strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (1, 1a, 2b), Azotobacter chroococcum (3, 13, 14), and GA3 (gibberellic acid) affected plant dry weight, nitrogen content of nodules and whole plant, the enzymes of nitrogen assimilation (NR, GS) and soluble protein content. The highest dry matter mass and nitrogen content were found in the variety Afrodita, followed by line NS-L-300168. The GS and NR activity was increased significantly by all three inoculation treatments relative to the control. In all three genotypes, the highest values for the enzymatic activity were achieved with treatment mixture of B. japonicum and A. chroococcum strains. Each measurement was performed with three replications. The results were processed using variance analysis and the values were tested with the LSD at 5%.

PREDICTED FORAGE VALUE OF WHOLE PLANT CEREALS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 975-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER ◽  
D. B. FOWLER
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Forage Value

Dry matter yield, percent dry weight, in vitro digestible dry matter, in vitro digestible organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, ash and hemicellulose contents were determined for spring- and fall-sown common wheat, barley, rye and triticale and spring-sown durum wheat and oats for the period from late boot to maturity. Differences among cultivars and stages of maturity were significant for all parameters. These differences were accompanied by stage of maturity interactions. Consideration of the interrelationships among these parameters revealed that level of in vitro digestible dry matter was reflected in measures of acid detergent fiber and ash or percent dry weight. Further analyses indicated that differences in digestibility due to stage of maturity were primarily reflected by changes in ash or percent dry weight, while differences in digestibility among cultivars were mainly attributable to differences in acid detergent fiber.

Seasonal changes in growth and nodulation of perennial tropical pasture legumes in the field. I. The influence of planting date and grazing and cutting on Desmodium uncinatum and Phaseolus atropurpureus

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Whiteman ◽  
A Lulhan
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Nodule Number ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Made In

Plantings of D. uncinatum and P. atropuvpureus were made in October and December 1965 and February and April 1966, and subsequently the plots were either rotationally grazed by sheep, cut with a mower at 3 inches, or left undefoliated. Monthly samples were taken to determine individual plant dry weight, nodule weight per plant, nodule number, and mean weight per nodule. Three samples for plot dry matter yield were also taken. Individual plant dry weight was higher in the October and December sowings, although by the end of the second growing season dry matter yield per plot was higher in the December and February sowings. Dry matter yield of legume was depressed by April planting. D. uncinatum began regrowth in spring 2 months earlier than P, atropurpureus, when minimum temperatures exceeded 48-50�F compared with 57' for P. atropurpureus. Both species had marked seasonal peaks in nodule and plant dry weight. The rapid decline in nodule weight could not be directly related to the onset of flowering or frosts. Grazing caused a greater reduction than cutting in terms of plant and nodule weight and legume yield. In P. atropurpureus nodule weight per plant was reduced through a decline in mean weight per nodule, while in D. uncinatum grazing and cutting reduced nodule number per plant.

Fruit development and associated changes in the distribution of dry weight and nitrogen in Lupinus angustifolius cv. Uniharvest and L. consentinii selection CB12

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (80) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Farrington
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Rapid Fall

Reproductive development, and the distribution of dry matter and nitrogen were followed in field plantings of Lupinus angustifolius cv. Uniharvest and L. cosentinii selection CB12 from the start of flowering until maturity. L. cosentinii (CBI 2) commenced flowering one week earlier, but developed one less order of inflorescences and fewer flowers than L. angustfiolius (Uniharvest) ; yet it set more pods and produced more seed. In both species seeds did not commence to fill until the leaves began to fall shortly after flowering ended. Seeds in pods on all orders of inflorescence filled concurrently. The increase in seed weight coincided with a rapid fall in the nitrogen content of other fractions of the tops.

EFFECT OF DATES OF CUTTING ON DRY MATTER PRODUCTION AND CHEMICAL CONTENT OF ALFALFA AND BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Gasser ◽  
L. Lachance ◽  
P. Gervais
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Chemical Content

In two experiments, one with alfalfa and the other with birdsfoot trefoil, we have been able to show that a late cut in October does not adversely affect dry matter yield (DAI) of the legumes. Three cuts during a harvesting season ending on September 5 were detrimental to alfalfa, since lower yields were obtained the following year of harvest. Birdsfoot trefoil varieties were affected differentially. Three cuts did not affect the yield of Viking the following year, but did so of Empire. Significant differences in dry matter yields were obtained between DuPuits and Vernal and between Viking and Empire. Protein in the forage followed inversely the same pattern as that of DM yields, that is, where the intervals were shortest, the protein content was highest, and conversely. The total available carbohydrate and the nitrogen content of the roots were lowest following the treatments which had the shortest intervals between them.

Laboratory estimates of the nutritive value of some herbaceous native legumes

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (113) ◽  
pp. 583 ◽  
Author(s):  
RDH Cohen ◽  
GPM Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
P Values ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exotic Legumes ◽  
Soil Level

Forty-four accessions of herbaceous native legumes from the genera Glycine and Galactia were grown in a glasshouse in a soil-sand-nutrient mixture that contained adequate phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and molybdenum for plant growth. They were grown as individual plants with four replications of each. All plants were cut to soil level on August 18; regrowth was cut on October 7, November 22 and December 30 (harvests 1,2 and 3). The herbage was dried and analysed for nitrogen (g N/kg OM), phosphorus (g P/kg OM) and organic matter digestibility (% OMD). There were significant differences between the accessions for values of dry matter yield (P<0.001), nitrogen content (P<0.01), phosphorus content (P<0.001) and OMD (P<0.05). The mean nitrogen content declined at each harvest (40.6,33.7 and 31.7 g N/kg OM, respectively; P<0.05) and OMD of the herbage at harvest 3 was less than that at 1 and 2 (70.4, 71.1 and 67.6%, respectively; P<0.05). Herbage from harvest 1 had significantly greater P values than that from harvests 2 and 3 (4.7,4.2 and 4.4 g P/kg OM; P< 0.05). Plant yield was correlated with both nitrogen yield (r = 0.98; P<0.001) and phosphorus yield (r = 0.93; P<0.01) but not with OMD. Nitrogen content and digestibility were correlated (r = 0.48; P<0.01) but neither attribute was significantly correlated with phosphorus content. Samples of native herbaceous legumes belonging to the genera Desmodium and Kennedia and of some exotic legumes were collected from a nursery and analysed for N, P and OMD. The N and P values of all these legumes were in the range 31.9-39.2 g N/kg OM and 3.0-4.1 g P/kg OM, and compared favourably with those of the legumes grown in the glasshouse. The OMD of the exotic legumes (range 61.3-85.2%) compared favourably with those of the native legumes grown in the glasshouse but the natives Desmodium spp. and Kennedia spp. (range 26.7-35.4%) were very much lower than the Glycine spp. and Galactia spp.

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