Growth and chemical composition of lotononis (Lotononis bainesii) under simulated winter conditions

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (57) ◽  
pp. 396
Author(s):  
WW Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Winter Conditions ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Growth Experiments

Lotononis remains green in subtropical winters. To determine the effect of low temperature on growth, experiments were done under controlled temperature and light conditions. With a simulated midwinter day of three hours of frost and 10i hours of light and no other stress imposed, plants made slight but definite growth. It is inferred that winter temperatures do not completely prevent growth. When additional stress of partial defoliation was imposed, the amount of growth was reduced to about 15 per cent of that of undefoliated plants. This suggests that if lotononis is grazed in winter any further growth would be of insignificant practical value. Cold stress had little or no effect on mineral composition of the plants. The composition of nodules is recorded.

Winter conditions in eastern hemlock and mixed-hardwood deer wintering areas of Vermont

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane C. Lishawa ◽  
Dale R. Bergdahl ◽  
Scott D. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid ◽  
Adelges Tsugae ◽  
Eastern Hemlock ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Winter Conditions ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Wintering Areas

In regions experiencing harsh winter, eastern hemlock ( Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) is thought to moderate winter conditions and provide cover for white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman, 1780). In Vermont, USA, eastern hemlock is the dominant tree in many white-tailed deer wintering areas. Hemlock woolly adelgid ( Adelges tsugae Annand; HWA), an insect introduced from Asia, is causing widespread mortality of eastern hemlock. HWA cold-hardiness research and cold-hardiness zone climate models predict that HWA is capable of winter survival in portions of southern Vermont. This study quantifies the effects of eastern hemlock cover on winter temperatures and snow depths and assesses the effect of hemlock dominance on the winter severity values for white-tailed deer and on cold hardiness zone designations. Within site-paired eastern hemlock and hardwood stands, temperatures were recorded at 30 min intervals and snow depths were recorded every 2 weeks in the winters of 2003–2004 and 2004–2005. Extreme temperatures and snow depths were significantly moderated within hemlock stands. In southern Vermont, eastern hemlock mortality caused by HWA will alter these pockets of moderated microclimate, adding additional stress to white-tailed deer. Furthermore, the magnitude of temperature buffering in hemlock stands suggests that HWA may be capable of winter survival farther north than previously estimated.

Mineral composition and gemological characteristics of the fossil marine reptiles of the Ulyanovsk region

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Petrochenkov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Marine Reptiles ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
Impurity Elements ◽  
Wide Assortment

Fossils of marine reptiles are a new jewelry and ornamental material and collected in the Ulyanovsk region from the Upper Jurassic deposits. They consist of (wt. %): calcite — 52, apatite — 24 and pyrite — 23, and also gypsum presents. The contents of radioactive and carcinogenic elements are close to background. The original bone structure of reptiles is preserved. Apatite replaces the bone tissue of marine reptiles, forming a cellular framework. According to the chemical composition, apatite refers to fluorohydroxyapatite with an increased Sr content. The size of the crystals is finely-dispersed. Calcite and pyrite fill the central parts of the cells. Calcite crystals of isometric and elongated shape, 0,01—0,05 mm in size, form blocks up to 0,3 mm during intergrowth. Calcite fills thin, discontinuous veins along the contour of cells with a width of up to 0,03 mm. In calcite, among the impurity elements, there are (wt. %, on the average): Mg — 0,30, Mn — 0,39 and Fe — 0,96. Pyrite forms a dispersed impregnation in calcite and apatite, content of impurities is, wt. %: Ni — up to 0,96 and Cu — up to 0,24. On technological and decorative characteristics of fossils of sea reptiles of Ulyanovsk region are qualitative jewelry and ornamental materials of biomineral group, allowing to make a wide assortment of jewelry and souvenir products.

scholarly journals The Distribution of Minerals in Crucial Plant Parts of Various Elderberry (Sambucus spp.) Interspecific Hybrids

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Nataša Imenšek ◽  
Vilma Sem ◽  
Mitja Kolar ◽  
Anton Ivančič ◽  
Janja Kristl
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Genetic Breeding ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Superior Genotypes

In view of growing requirements of the food industry regarding elderberries (genus Sambucus), a need to increase their productivity and improve their chemical composition has emerged. With this purpose in mind, numerous elderberry interspecific hybrids have been created. In the present work, the content of minerals in their crucial plant parts was studied. It was also investigated whether superior genotypes regarding the mineral composition of berries and inflorescences could be predicted at early stages of plant development. The results showed that elderberry leaves contained the highest amounts of Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, and Sr, while K and P were predominant in fruit stalks. Fe and Al prevailed in roots and Cu in bark. Although berries showed lower mineral content compared to other plant parts, their mineral content is not negligible and could be comparable to other commonly consumed berries. Genotypes with a favorable mineral content of inflorescences and berries could be predicted on the basis of known mineral composition of their shoots and leaves. The study also indicates that S. nigra genotypes and the majority of interspecific hybrids analyzed are suitable for further genetic breeding or cultivation.

Rootstock effect on serotonin and nutritional quality of tomatoes produced under low temperature and light conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Riga ◽  
Leyre Benedicto ◽  
Libia García-Flores ◽  
Débora Villaño ◽  
Sonia Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Light Conditions

Research on Process Mineralogy of Potassium-Rich Shale

2010 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Yue Xin Han ◽  
Wan Zhong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Potassium Feldspar ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Dsc Analyses ◽  
Process Mineralogy ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis

The process mineralogy of potassium-rich shale from Chaoyang of Liaoning, China, was studied. Research results showed there are much less variety and smaller quantities in mineral compositions. Calculated mineral composition by means of chemical composition analysis combined with XRD, MLA, IR and TG-DSC analyses showed that main minerals with were Potassium-feldspar, muscovite, biotite and illite, and gangue minerals were quartz and small amounts of hematite. Potassium-rich minerals such as potassium-feldspar and muscovite contact smoothly with quartz respectively, and there was the direction arrangement among potassium-feldspar, quartz and muscovite in the shale. And quartz and hematite were main cement in the shale. The influences of the research results on the potassium extraction from potassium-rich shale were distinct.

Modeling of Alteration Behavior on Blended Cementitious Materials

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Owada ◽  
Tomoko Ishii ◽  
Mayumi Takazawa ◽  
Hiroyasu Kato ◽  
Hiroyuki Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Leaching Tests ◽  
Measured Concentration ◽  
Furnace Slag

A “realistic alteration model” is needed for various cementitious materials. Hypothetical settings of mineral composition calculated based on the chemical composition of cement, such as Atkins’s model, have been used to estimate the alteration of cementitious material. However, model estimates for the concentration of certain elements such as Al and S in leachate have been different from experimental values. In a previous study, we created settings for a mineralogical alteration model by taking the initial chemical composition of cementitious materials from analysis results in experiments and applying their ratios to certain hydrated cement minerals, then added settings for secondary generated minerals in order to account for Ca leaching. This study of alteration estimates for ordinary portland cement (OPC) in groundwater showed that the change in Al and S concentrations in simulated leachate approached values for actual leachate[1]. In the present study, we develop an appropriate mineral alteration model for blended cementitious materials and conduct batch-type leaching experiments that use crushed samples of blast furnace slag cement (BFSC), silica cement (SC), and fly ash cement (FAC). The cement blends in these experiments used OPC blended with blast furnace slag of 70 wt.%, silica cement consisting of an amorphous silica fine powder of 20 wt.%, and fly ash of 30 wt.%. De-ionized water was used as the leaching solution. The solid-liquid ratios in the leaching tests were varied in order to simulate the alteration process of cement hydrates. The compositions of leachate and minerals obtained from leaching tests were compared with those obtained from models using hypothetical settings of mineral composition. We also consider an alteration model that corresponds to the diversity of these materials. As a result of applying the conventional OPC model to blended cementitious materials, the estimated Al concentration in the aqueous solution was significantly different from the measured concentration. We therefore propose an improved model that takes better account of Al behavior by using a more reliable initial mineral model for Al concentration in the solution.

Effect of Chemical Composition of Welding Wire and Low Temperature Steel Plate on the Weld Properties Made by SAW

2008 ◽  
Vol 580-582 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Hee Joon Sung ◽  
Yeon Baeg Goo ◽  
Kyeong Ju Kim ◽  
Kee Young Choi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Welding Wire ◽  
High Hardenability ◽  
Weld Metals ◽  
Weld Properties ◽  
Mo Content

Chemical composition effect on the weld properties for low temperature steel was evaluated. The alloy elements of interest at the weld metal were Cr and Mo, which come from the steel plate and welding wire, respectively. Both side one run SAW process was carried out in a Ygroove butt joint. Microstructure of the weld metal is strongly dependent on the chemical composition of the steel plate and the welding wire, due to high dilution. The microstructure of the weld metal became fine acicular ferrite by increasing Cr and Mo content because of high hardenability effect. The weld metal having Cr and Mo possessed the highest impact toughness at low temperatures among the weld metals studied. Cr seems to have more effect than Mo on the toughness of the weld metal.

scholarly journals Formation of Intermediate Phases and Supersaturated Solid Solution in Al-Cu System during Diffusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 383 ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Rodin ◽  
Nataliya Goreslavets
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Supersaturated Solid Solution ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Phase Diagram ◽  
Intermediate Phases

The study of diffusion processes in the aluminum - copper system was carried out at the temperature 350 and 520 °C. Special attention was paid on the chemical composition of the system near Al/Cu interface. It was determined that the intermediate phases in the system, corresponding to the equilibrium phase diagram, were not formed at low temperature. At high temperature the intermediate phases forms starting with Cu - rich phases. In both cases supersaturated solid solution of copper in aluminum could be observed near the interface.

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