Replacement value of dried egg meal for skim milk powder in diets for young pigs

The growth of piglets reared individually in pens over the age interval three to eight weeks was compared for isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets in which part or all of the skim milk powder component of the diet was replaced by dried egg meal. Other components common to all diets included wheat, soyabean meal and fish meal. The dried egg meal and skim milk powder in total comprised 55 per cent of the protein concentrate in each diet. The mean growth rates and feed conversion ratios of 360 g day-1 and 2.14 kg feed kg-1 in liveweight gain, respectively, did not differ significantly for any diet. In a further experiment with older pigs the digestible energy content of dried egg meal and skim milk powder was shown to be 6127 and 3907 kcal kg-1 of dry feed respectively.

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Protein quality studies. 1. A comparison of meat and bone meal and fish meal-skim milk powder as sources of supplementary protein for growing pigs

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9670562 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 7 (29) ◽

pp. 562 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

BR Wilson ◽

JM Holder

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Milk Powder ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Skim Milk Powder ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Meat And Bone Meal ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Bone Meal ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility

Pig performance was compared on wheat based diets supplemented by two levels of either meat and bone meal or fish meal plus skim milk powder. The dry matter digestibility and nitrogen retention on these diets were determined and the effect of adding zinc to diets containing meat and bone meal was examined. At the higher level, fish meal plus skim milk powder produced greater daily gains between 60-160 lb than the meat and bone meal, but feed conversion and carcase lean were not affected. At the lower level, fish meal plus skim milk powder produced leaner carcases and greater daily gains between 60-160 lb than the meat and bone meal supplement, but had no effect on feed conversion. Between 60-100 lb, feed conversion was affected by level but not by supplement, and the higher level of fish meal plus skim milk powder produced greater daily gains than all other diets. The higher levels of each supplement produced greater nitrogen retentions and leaner carcases than the lower levels. Dry matter digestibility was least on the higher level meat and bone meal. Zinc supplements had no effect on performance.

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A note on the performance and management of calves reared on cold acidified milk replacer fed ad libitum

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100040058 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 147-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

W. S. Thickett ◽

N. H. Cuthbert ◽

T. D. A. Brigstocke ◽

M. A. Lindeman ◽

P. N. Wilson

Keyword(s):

Milk Powder ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Live Weight ◽

Skim Milk Powder ◽

Barley Straw ◽

Milk Replacer ◽

Bull Calves ◽

The Mean ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Dry Food

ABSTRACTResults are presented from six trials dealing with aspects of management on the cold ad libitum system of calf rearing using an acidified milk replacer containing over 600 g skim milk powder per kg.Thirty-six calves were housed in pens of six for each trial and were fed through a teat and pipeline from a storage barrel. Acidified milk replacer, pH 5·6, was mixed cold at 125 g/1 and made available ad libitum to 3 weeks. A rationed allowance was given daily, on a reducing scale, over the following 2 weeks with weaning completed at 35 days. A pelleted dry food containing 180 g crude protein per kg, together with water in buckets and barley straw in racks, was available ad libitum throughout. Each trial lasted 8 weeks. Results for the mean of the six cold ad libitum trials involving 216 calves were compared with the mean results of 10 conventional bucket-fed trials carried out separately at the same unit, involving 912 calves. All calves were purchased British Friesian male (bull) calves.Calves on the ad libitum system showed improved live-weight gains of 9·4 kg at 3 weeks, 8·8 kg at 5 weeks and 7·5 kg at 8 weeks, compared with the conventional system. The consumption of milk replacer powder was higher in ad libitum trials at 29·4 kg cf. 12·5 kg by bucket but intake of pelleted dry feed was lower on the ad libitum system at 50·7 kg cf. 71·3 kg to 8 weeks. Calf appearance scores were significantly improved on the ad libitum system which gave the main improvement in performance in the first 3 weeks.

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Fluorometric Determination of Selenium in Foods

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/57.2.368 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 368-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Milan Ihnat

Keyword(s):

Standard Deviation ◽

Milk Powder ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Skim Milk Powder ◽

Food Samples ◽

Fluorometric Method ◽

Fluorometric Determination ◽

Relative Standard ◽

The Mean

Abstract A fluorometric method using 2,3-diaminonaphthalene for estimating selenium has been evaluated with regard to its applicability to food samples. Charring of the sample during digestion appeared to result in losses of native and added selenium from some samples, so a modified wet digestion procedure was introduced. Digestion first in nitric acid followed by a mixture of nitric-perchloric-sulfuric acids substantially reduced the incidence of sample charring for a variety of foods. The mean apparent recovery of selenium added as selenite or selenate at 100 and 500 ng levels to 0.1 and 1.0 g corn cereal, skim milk powder, and meat and 0.1 g fish was 101.0%; the actual recovery of the same levels of selenium from standard solutions was 96.6%. For a variety of samples containing 5—750 ng native or added selenium, the standard deviation as 4.7 + 1.95 X 10-2W ng, where W = ng selenium in the sample taken for analysis. The relative standard deviation (RSD) as a function of selenium weight (ng) was 50% (10), 6.7% (100), 4.3% (200), 3.1% (400), 2.7% (600), and 2.5% (800). The detection limit (weight of selenium at which RSD = 50%) was 10 ng at a mean blank level of 25 ng.

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THE EFFECT OF FORTIFICATION OF PROCESSED SOYA FLOUR WITH dl-METHIONINE HYDROXY ANALOGUE OR dl-METHIONINE ON THE DIGESTIBILITY, BIOLOGICAL VALUE, AND NET PROTEIN UTILIZATION OF THE PROTEINS AS STUDIED IN CHILDREN

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1139/o64-045 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 377-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

H. N. Parthasarathy ◽

T. R. Doraiswamy ◽

Myna Panemangalore ◽

M. Narayana Rao ◽

B. S. Chandrasekhar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Daily Intake ◽

Milk Powder ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Skim Milk Powder ◽

Soya Flour ◽

Protein Utilization ◽

Biological Value ◽

True Digestibility ◽

The Mean ◽

Net Protein

The true digestibility coefficient, biological value, and net available protein of diets based on processed soya flour supplemented with dl-methionine hydroxy analogue (MHA) or dl-methionine (at a level of 1.2 g/16 g N) have been determined in children aged 8–9 years. The mean daily intake of protein by the children on the different diets was maintained at a level of about 1.2 g/kg body weight. Supplementation of soya flour with dl-methionine brought about a marked increase in the biological value and net protein utilization of the proteins. MHA was, however, slightly less effective than dl-methionine in this respect. The biological value and net protein utilization of the different proteins were as follows: soya flour, 63.5 and 53.3; soya flour + MHA, 71.5 and 61.4; soya flour + methionine, 74.9 and 64.7; and skim milk powder, 82.6 and 72.0.

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Nutritive value of full-fat rapeseeds for growing pigs

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.72023 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Maija-Liisa Salo

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Brassica Campestris ◽

Control Diet ◽

Milk Powder ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Skim Milk Powder ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Weaned Piglets ◽

Low Erucic Acid

The digestibility and nutritive value of full-fat, ground rapeseeds of two low-erucic acid, low-glucosinolate varieties, Candle (Brassica campestris) and Regent (B. napus), were determined for three pigs, weighing about 40 kg each. The ME values were 18.72 and 20.26 MJ ME/kg DM, the NE values 1,58 and 1.70 FU/kg DM (FU = 0.7 kg starch) and the DCP values 155 and 201 g DCP/kg DM, respectively, for the two varieties. Nitrogen balances in the same trials were 21.0 and 22.0 g N/d. Twenty-eight freshly weaned piglets averaging 11 kg in weight were fed during four weeks 1) a control diet containing barley and skim milk powder, or 2) the control diet with 10% finely ground Candle seeds incorporated. The calculated energy and DCP values of the diets were alike. The growth rates of both groups were equal, as were the palatabilities of the diets. The feed conversion figures were 2.0 and 2.1 FU/kg liveweight gain, respectively. Accordingly, the energy value of Candle seeds was a little poorer for piglets than for the older growing pigs.

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Production, composition, and manufacturing properties of milk from grazing cows fed on a formaldehyde-treated sunflower seed supplement

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9760917 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 917 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

BD Bartsch ◽

NJS Ellis ◽

DM McLean ◽

JC Radcliffe

Keyword(s):

Milk Fat ◽

Sunflower Seed ◽

Energy Content ◽

Plasma Cholesterol ◽

Milk Powder ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Heat Stability ◽

Skim Milk Powder ◽

Powder Manufacture ◽

The Stability

Eight cows in each of four treatment groups grazed regulated areas of green oats and consumed either 0, 1.3, 2.5 or 3.1 kg of a formaldehyde-treated sunflower seed supplement (FSS) per head per day. The digestible energy content of the rations was balanced with hammer-milled barley. Milk fat percentages and milk fat yields were higher from cows fed on FSS, responses being in proportion to the amount of FSS eaten. Protein percentages were significantly lower in milk from cows fed on FSS. Milk and protein yields did not differ significantly between treatments. The linoleic acid (C18:2) content of milk fat was three to five times as high in cows fed on FSS as in those not fed on FSS. The stability to oxidation and the rennet curd firmness of the milk decreased as the percentage of C18:2 in milk fat increased. Changes in the heat stability of milk were associated with the introduction of FSS feeding. Plasma cholesterol levels increased with increasing intakes of FSS. Milk of high C18:2 content can be produced by dairy cows fed on FSS and grazed on green oats. The milk readily oxidizes and its properties for cheese and skim milk powder manufacture are altered.

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Adulteration of Raw Milk in Selected Regions of Tangail District of Bangladesh

Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources ◽

10.3329/jesnr.v8i1.24662 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 41-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L Bari ◽

MR Hoque ◽

MSA Reza ◽

MA Hossain ◽

A Islam

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Sodium Bicarbonate ◽

Milk Powder ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Skim Milk Powder ◽

Milk Samples ◽

The Mean ◽

Almost All

At the present time adulteration of food especially raw milk is becoming a burning issue. Normally milk is adulterated with water, starch, skim milk powder, sugar, detergent, and fat, recently formalin also added with milk to increase the shelf life of milk. Thats why it is very essential to detect the prevalence of adulteration of milk. The present experiment was conducted to know the adulteration of milk. Total thirty milk samples were collected from five different bazaars (Tangail town, Santosh Bazaar, Porabari Bazaar, Boilla Bazaar, Bajitpur Bazaar) of Tangail district where six samples were taken from each entry point. The mean Specific gravity was 1.021, 1.020, 1.019, 1.019 and 1.020 respectively which were lower than standard 1.032 (BSTI, 2000). The results clearly suggest that water was the most common adulterant in almost all sample of raw milk collected. 56.67% and 50% samples were adulterated with starch and skim milk powder respectively. Two types of preservatives namely borax and sodium bicarbonate were detected in the fluid milk from the study areas. Out of all samples, 23.33% was adulterated with sodium bicarbonate and 16.66% with borax. However, none of the samples contained either formalin or hydrogen peroxide. It could therefore be inferred that, the consumers need to be more cautious regarding the quality of raw milk.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 41-44 2015

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THE EFFECTS OF REPLACING SKIM MILK POWDER AND/OR WHEY WITH REFINED FISH PROTEIN CONCENTRATE (CONMAR 80) IN CREEP AND WEANER STARTER DIETS ON PIG PERFORMANCE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas88-132 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 1163-1169 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. DEBOER ◽

R. R. HACKER ◽

S. LEESON

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Milk Powder ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Skim Milk Powder ◽

Protein Source ◽

Early Weaning ◽

Pig Performance ◽

Dietary Treatments

A series of trials was conducted to investigate the effects of Conmar 80 (80% CP), a new commercial hexane-extracted fish meal, as a protein source in creep and weaner-starter diets. Eight dietary treatments, comparable in composition except for the protein source, were offered in three experiments to 112 litters and 44 Yorkshire piglets. The first two trials were designed to compare piglet performance, during the suckling and early-weaning period when Conmar 80 was included as part of the creep diet or the starter diet protein. The third trial was designed to study the digestibility of increasing levels of Conmar 80 as a protein source in the weaner ration of 70-d old barrows. The results of this study indicate that piglet performance was not adversely affected when Conmar 80 was substituted at 3.5–5.0% of the creep diet or when Conmar 80 was used as the sole animal protein source in the starter diet. The digestibility of dry matter and crude protein was 85.6 ± 0.05% and 85.1 ± 0.24%; 74.7 ± 0.14% and 73.6 ± 0.53% when Conmar 80 was substituted in the weaner ration at the 5% and the 10% level respectively. The digestible energy was 13.5 ± 0.01 and 13.4 ± 0.04 MJ kg−1, respectively. It is concluded that Conmar 80 can satisfactorily be included to replace 14.5–22.0% of the dietary protein in pig creep and weaner feeds. Key words: Conmar 80, fish meal, swine, creep diets, weaner diets

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303. The production of rennet from living calves

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029900003794 ◽

1943 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 145-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

N. J. Berridge ◽

J. G. Davis ◽

P. M. Kon ◽

S. K. Kon ◽

F. R. Spratling

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Chloride Solution ◽

Milk Powder ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Skim Milk Powder ◽

Calcium Chloride Solution ◽

Whole Milk ◽

The Mean ◽

Spray Dried

Abomasal juice containing rennin was obtained from living calves by means of an abomasal fistula as described by Fomin, in order to ascertain whether the process could be used as an alternative method of manufacturing rennet, should the present curtailed sources fail completely.The operation for fistula was performed on the calves at the age of about a fortnight by the technique of Phillipson & Innes. The animals received, during the three months for which the experiment lasted, an exclusive diet of whole milk, supplemented by minerals and vitamin D. Although only two calves were used, we feel that the results are nevertheless representative.Abomasal juice was obtained by allowing them to drink diluted whey and removing it through the fistula after about half an hour. The mean yield of rennin for each ‘perfusion’ from the first calf was 3120 units with a standard deviation of ± 1330. The corresponding figures for the second calf were 5680 and ± 2560 respectively. (One unit of rennin clots 10 ml. of substrate in 100 sec. The substrate is made by dissolving 12 g. spray-dried skim-milk powder in 100 ml. N/50 calcium chloride solution.)

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