Identification of a Brahman sire whose progeny have high marbling scores and high intramuscular fat content

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 785 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gazzola ◽  
C. J. O'Neill ◽  
J. E. Frisch
Keyword(s):  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Tropical Adaptation ◽  
Intramuscular Fat Content

Summary. A Brahman sire (Select Brahman) whose steer progeny had both high marbling scores and high intramuscular fat content has been identified. The effect was independent of dam breed (5 different dam breeds were analysed), was present in both grain-finished and pasture-finished progeny, and was independent of hormone growth promotant treatment. From pasture, over twice as many progeny from the Select sire (62.5%) had high marbling scores as progeny from 10 other Brahman sires (25.9%). The effect was not as marked in grain-finished steers but the Select sire still produced one-third more high marbling progeny (84.6%) than the other sires (63.6%). The Select sire’s progeny were equal to or better than progeny from Tuli sires in producing high marbling scores. The intramuscular fat content (3.5 ± 0.3 g/100 g) of the progeny from the Select sire was greater than double that of progeny from other Brahman sires (1.9 ± 0.2 g/100 g; P<0.0001) and higher than progeny from Tuli sires (2.3 ± 0.1 g/100 g; P<0.0001). The increased marbling and intramuscular fat content were not associated with increased subcutaneous fat deposition, decreased muscle deposition, lower growth rate or smaller mature size since there were no differences in age, hot standard carcass weight, rump fat depth and rib eye muscle area between the Select sire’s progeny and those of other Brahman sires. The identification of a high marbling trait in a Bos indicus sire is of considerable significance to the northern Australian beef industry because it enables markets requiring marbled carcasses to be targeted while maintaining the advantages of tropical adaptation.

scholarly journals Effect of Breed Types and Castration on Carcass Characteristics of Boer and Large Frame Indigenous Veld Goats of Southern Africa

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertruida L. van Wyk ◽  
Louwrens C. Hoffman ◽  
Phillip E. Strydom ◽  
Lorinda Frylinck
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
The Right ◽  
Boer Goats

Weaner male Boer Goats (BG; n = 36; 21 bucks and 15 wethers) and large frame Indigenous Veld Goats (IVG; n = 41; 21 bucks and 20 wethers) were raised on hay and natural grass ad libitum and the recommended amount of commercial pelleted diet to a live weight between 30 and 35 kg. Carcass quality characteristics (live weight, carcass weights, dressing %, chilling loss and eye muscle area) were measured. The right sides of the carcasses were divided into wholesale cuts and dissected into subcutaneous fat, meat and bone. Large frame Indigenous Veld Goat (IVG) wethers were slightly lighter than the IVG bucks with no significant difference observed between BG. Wethers compared to bucks had higher dressing %, subcutaneous fat % in all primal cuts, intramuscular fat %, kidney fat % and, overall, slightly less bone %. Some breed–wether interactions were noticed: IVG wethers were slightly lighter than the IVG bucks, but the IVG bucks tended to produce higher % meat compared to other test groups. Judged on the intramuscular fat % characteristics, it seems as if wethers should produce juicier and more flavorsome meat compared to bucks.

The impact of two different hormonal growth promotants (HGPs) on the eating quality of feedlot-finished steer carcasses

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Packer ◽  
G. H. Geesink ◽  
R. Polkinghorne ◽  
J. M. Thompson ◽  
A. J. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
The Impact

The Meat Standards Australia beef-grading model applies a variable adjustment for different cuts of hormonal growth promotant (HGP)-treated carcasses, but does not differentiate between different HGP types. Using 300 non-implanted Bos indicus–Bos taurus composite steers, an experiment was conducted to compare the effects of an oestradiol only (OES) and a combination trenbolone acetate and oestradiol (TBA+OES) implant with non-implanted animals (CON) fed a concentrate ration for 73 days before slaughter, on eating quality of the mm. longissimus lumborum (LL) and gluteus medius (GM) muscles. Sensory and objective LL and GM samples were aged for either 5 or 35 days before freezing at −20°C. Carcass weights from each group were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) different. Corrected for carcass weight, HGP treatment had a significant effect on hump height, ossification score, marble score, P8 fat depth and eye-muscle area. The TBA+OES treatment resulted in significantly (P &lt; 0.05) tougher meat than the OES and CON treatments as assessed by shear force, although this difference was reduced with aging. Sensory scores (tenderness, juiciness, like flavour, overall liking and a composite MQ4 score) confirmed a negative HGP treatment effect, whereby TBA+OES was significantly lower than the CON and OES treatments after 5 days of aging, and these differences were reduced through aging. TBA+OES had a greater impact on sensory scores in the LL when compared to the GM. Both HGP treatments increased calpastatin activity, and the TBA+OES treatment was significantly (P &lt; 0.05) different from the CON and OES treatments. It was concluded that OES and TBA+OES implants have different impacts on meat eating-quality measurements, which could have important implications for the Australian and international beef industry.

Genetic analyses of carcass composition, as assessed by X-ray computer tomography, and meat quality traits in Scottish Blackface sheep

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Karamichou ◽  
R. I. Richardson ◽  
G. R. Nute ◽  
K. A. McLean ◽  
S. C. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Muscle Density ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Lean Line ◽  
Intramuscular Fat Content

AbstractGenetic parameters for carcass composition and meat quality traits were estimated in Scottish Blackface sheep, previously divergently selected for carcass lean content (LEAN and FAT lines). Computerized X-ray tomography (CT) was used to obtain non-destructive in vivo estimates of the carcass composition of 700 lambs, at ca. 24 weeks of age, with tissue areas and image densities obtained for fat, muscle and bone components of the carcass. Comprehensive measures of meat quality and carcass fatness were made on 350 male lambs, at ca. 8 months of age, which had previously been CT scanned. Meat quality traits included intramuscular fat content, initial and final pH of the meat, colour attributes, shear force, dry matter, moisture and nitrogen proportions, and taste panel assessments of the cooked meat. FAT line animals were significantly (P<0·05) fatter than the LEAN line animals in all measures of fatness (from CT and slaughter data), although the differences were modest and generally proportionately less than 0·1. Correspondingly, the LEAN line animals were superior to the FAT line animals in muscling measurements. Compared with the LEAN line, the FAT line had lower muscle density (as indicated by the relative darkness of the scan image), greater estimated subcutaneous fat (predicted from fat classification score) at slaughter, more intramuscular fat content, a more ‘yellow’ as opposed to ‘red’ muscle colour, and juicer meat (all P<0·05). All CT tissue areas were moderately to highly heritable, with h2 values ranging from 0·23 to 0·76. Likewise, meat quality traits were also moderately heritable. Muscle density was the CT trait most consistently related to meat quality traits, and genetic correlations of muscle density with live weight, fat class, subcutaneous fat score, dry matter proportion, juiciness, flavour and overall liking were all moderately to strongly negative, and significantly different from zero. In addition, intramuscular fat content was positively genetically correlated with juiciness and flavour, and negatively genetically correlated with shear force value. The results of this study demonstrate that altering carcass fatness will simultaneously change muscle density (indicative of changes in intramuscular fatness), and aspects of intramuscular fat content, muscle colour and juiciness. The heritabilities for the meat quality traits indicate ample opportunities for altering most meat quality traits. Moreover, it appears that colour, intramuscular fat content, juiciness, overall liking and flavour may be adequately predicted, both genetically and phenotypically, from measures of muscle density. Thus, genetic improvement of carcass composition and meat quality is feasible using in vivo measurements.

scholarly journals PSXIII-27 Meat and fat quality of gilts intended for Spanish dry-cured ham: effect of immunocastration and feeding

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 471-472
Author(s):  
Leticia Pérez-Ciria ◽  
Francisco Javier Miana-Mena ◽  
Guillermo Ripoll ◽  
María Ángeles Latorre
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Fat Quality ◽  
Dry Cured Ham ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intramuscular Fat Content

Abstract Currently, gilts intended for Spanish high quality dry-cured ham are characterized by lack of fatness detected at backfat depth covering the ham and also in the intramuscular fat content, necessary for an optimum dry-curing process and for the consumer acceptability, respectively. Trying to solve it, a trial was carried out with 90 Duroc x (Landrace x Large White) females to assess the impact of immunocastration and different diets on meat and fat quality. Half of gilts were entire (EG) and the other half were immunocastrated (IG) by two injections of Vacsincel® at 58 and 76 kg of body weight (BW). Three diets were tested (76–134 kg BW) in both groups: A=control, B=high net energy content and C=low lysine level. A sample of meat from each carcass (n = 15) and 48 samples of subcutaneous fat chosen at random (n = 8) were analyzed. Data were processed as a factorial 2 (sexes) x 3 (diets) using the GLM procedure of SAS. Meat from IG showed lower moisture (P = 0.04) and higher intramuscular fat content (P = 0.01) than that from EG. Fat from IG presented higher proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) (P = 0.002) and lower of polyunsaturated (PUFA) (P = 0.02) and PUFA:SFA ratio (P = 0.007) than that from EG, but the n6:n3 ratio was not influenced. About feeding, the only effects observed were that in IG, diet C and B increased the water holding capacity (P &lt; 0.01). It can be concluded that immunocastration improved the chemical composition of meat, but feeding had scarce effects on pork quality. Besides, fat from EG seems healthier but fat from IG would be fitter for technological processes, such as curing. This work (Project AGL2016-78532-R) was funded by MINECO.

The effect of slaughter weight on the carcass characteristics of pork with sex type as co-variable

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pieterse ◽  
L. C. Hoffman ◽  
F. K. Siebrits ◽  
E. L. Gloy ◽  
E. Polawska
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Sex Type ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Dressing Percentage

A study was conducted with 192 pigs of three sex types with treatments according to slaughter weight (65 kg to 144 kg). The main statistical differences observed were for slaughter weight with significant (P < 0.05) and highly significant (P < 0.01) differences describing more than 10% of variance observed for all characteristics (liveweight, warm carcass weight, dressing percentage, eye muscle area, subcutaneous fat thickness, intramuscular fat area, subcutaneous fat : eye muscle area, intramuscular fat : eye muscle area, fat thickness, muscle depth, carcass length, ham circumference, ham length and chest depth) measured. Sex differences (P < 0.05) were also observed for dressing percentage, fat measurements and muscle depth measured between the 5th and 6th lumbar vertebrae. Sex type differences, in all instances, accounted for 10% or less variance except for subcutaneous fat : eye muscle area ratio (18.47%). It was shown that although significant sex type differences (P < 0.05) existed; slaughter weight had the largest effect on carcass characteristics in the given circumstances accounting for most of the observed variance.

The influence of feeding level and type of feed on the carcasses of steers

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Sully ◽  
JHL Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Appraisal System ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Total Fat

In an experiment started in June 1976, 14-16-month-old Hereford steers weighing 300 kg were allocated to five treatments. Cattle in four of the treatment groups, viz. high (H), medium (M), low (L) and low-high (L-H) growth rates were held in feedlots and offered whole oats supplemented with linseed meal, hay and minerals to obtain growth rates of 1.0, 0.7, 0.4 and 0.4-1.0 kg day-1 respectively. Steers in the fifth treatment group were grazed on pasture (P) to gain weight at 0.7 kg day-1 and received no supplements. Each treatment group of 10 steers was slaughtered at a mean liveweight of 450 kg. The carcasses of H steers were shorter, had more total fat and a greater depth of fat at the 12-13th rib than those of the L steers (fat depths of H, M and L groups were 10.1, 8.6 and 7.1 mm). The H steers also had a larger eye muscle area, a higher ABCAS (Australian Beef Carcase Appraisal System) score and higher carcass grades than the L steers. The L-H treatment appeared to reduce the fat content of the total side relative to the M treatment but the treatment was confounded with differences in carcass gain and carcass weight. Pasture grazing reduced carcass fat content as compared with grain feeding (15.2 v. 18.6%; P c 0.05), but differences in depth and weight of subcutaneous fat in the carcass side or in individual cuts were not significant. There was no detectable difference in tenderness due to level of feeding or feed type. Separately, the effects of feeding level and grain feeding increased carcass fatness by 16 and 22% respectively; we suggest that these effects are of commercial importance, particularly if the combined effects are additive.

Maternal body composition in seedstock herds. 2. Relationships between cow body composition and BREEDPLAN EBVs for Angus and Hereford cows

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
S. J. Lee ◽  
K. A. Donoghue ◽  
W. S. Pitchford
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Do So

Relationships between BREEDPLAN estimated breeding values (EBVs) for 600-day weight, maternal effect on calf weaning weight (Milk), fat depth at P8 site (Rump), 12/13th rib fat depth (Rib), eye muscle area (EMA), and intramuscular fat (IMF) with body composition measures in first- and second-parity Angus and Hereford cows were investigated. More than 4000 Angus and 1000 Hereford cows were measured for weight, height, ultrasound P8 fat depth (P8), 12/13th rib fat depth (RIB), loin EMA and IMF (%) at pre-calving and weaning. The body composition measurements were then regressed against mid-parent BREEDPLAN EBVs. Increased 600-day weight EBV was associated with increased weight and height but decreased P8 and rib fat depths and EMA when considered on a weight-constant basis. BREEDPLAN EBVs for Rump, Rib, EMA and IMF were closely related to the equivalent ultrasound measure in Angus and Hereford cows at pre-calving and weaning in the first two parities. These results indicate that current BREEDPLAN carcass EBVs are associated with cow body composition, so if producers want to change the body composition of their cows, they can do so using existing BREEDPLAN carcass EBVs, and there appears no requirement for additional EBVs to describe cow body-composition traits for subcutaneous fat, EMA and IMF.

Partial least squares and machine learning for the prediction of intramuscular fat content of lamb loin

Meat Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 108505
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Fowler ◽  
David Wheeler ◽  
Stephen Morris ◽  
Suzanne I. Mortimer ◽  
David L. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Intramuscular Fat Content
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