Fertility of a red earth soil of Mid-Cape York Peninsula

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 863 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Gilbert ◽  
KA Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Maximum Response ◽  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
Red Earth ◽  
Cape York ◽  
Stylosanthes Scabra

The nutrient status and fertiliser requirements of a red earth soil (Gn 2.14) were examined in glasshouse and field experiments in northern Queensland. From soil analyses and glasshouse experiments, deficiencies of phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and zinc were expected. However, the only nutrients limiting growth of Stylosanthes scabra cv. Seca pastures under field conditions were phosphorus and sulfur. In the first 2 years of the field experiments, applications of 20 kg/ha of phosphorus and sulfur (equivalent to 220 kg/ha of single superphosphate) gave near maximum response in DM yield of Seca. Fine elemental sulfur was as effective as gypsum as a sulfur source.

Plant nutrition studies on some yellow and red earth soils in northern Cape York Peninsula. 1. Soils and their nutrient status

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (81) ◽  
pp. 532 ◽  
Author(s):  
RF Isbell ◽  
RK Jones ◽  
GP Gillman
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Red Earth ◽  
Cape York ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Basic Cations

Eleven complete profiles and an additional 112 surface soils of deep sandy yellow and red earths in the far northern part of Cape York Peninsula have been sampled for laboratory studies. Chemical analyses showed that these acid soils are very low in organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, exchangeable basic cations, and base saturation. They have relatively high contents of exchangeable aluminium. The variability of surface soil chemical properties is relatively low. Glasshouse experiments with Stylosanthes humilis cv. Gordon conducted on soils from the 11 profile sites showed responses to sulphur, potassium, zinc and lime on all soils and to copper on about half the sites. Considering the results of both the laboratory and glasshouse studies, it is suggested that responses to nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and probably calcium and copper are likely in the field. Responses to sulphur may be transitory because of the presence of appreciable levels of phosphate-extractable sulphur at depth.

The effect of elemental sulfur on certain chemical and biological properties of surface organic horizons of a forest soil

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1050-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Maynard ◽  
J. J. Germida ◽  
P. A. Addison
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
Organic Horizons ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
Considerable Damage

Elemental sulfur is a by-product of sour natural gas processing in Alberta, Canada. Breakup and weathering of the storage elemental sulfur blocks has resulted in the deposition of large amounts of elemental sulfur into adjacent forest ecosystems. This has caused considerable damage to the understory vegetation. Certain chemical and biological properties of surface organic forests horizons (LFH) that have been exposed to elemental sulfur for several years were examined over a 2-year period. Increasing concentrations of elemental sulfur (4 100 to 50 400 mg S kg soil−1) and 1.0 M NH4Cl extractable S and decreasing pH (4.4 to 2.4) occurred in the LFH with increasing proximity (750, 250, and 50 m) to the elemental sulfur source. Thiobacillusthiooxidans appeared to be the main organism responsible for elemental sulfur oxidation in all LFH samples. The site immediately adjacent to the elemental sulfur block (50 m) showed reduced concentrations of total and 1.0 M NH4Cl extractable Ca, Mg, K, and Mn. In addition, in the 2nd year of sampling, CO2 respiration in nonamended and glucose-amended samples was significantly reduced. The other sites (250 and 750 m from the block) showed no significant decrease in nutrient status or heterotrophic microbial activity.

Studies on some deep sandy soils in Cape York Peninsula, North Queensland. 2. Plant nutrient status

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (60) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
RK Jones
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Total N ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Christmas Island ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Cape York

The nutrient status of the deep siliceous sands which cover an extensive area in Cape York Peninsula has been studied in glasshouse and field experiments. Using Townsville stylo (Stylosanthes humilis) as a test legume, the soils were found to be extremely deficient in P and S, and moderately so in Zn, Cu, and K. Responses to Mo were found on most of the eight soils tested in the glasshouse but these were not confirmed at the field site in either of the two growing seasons. There was little response to Ca (lime) in spite of the very low levels of total and exchangeable Ca in these soils. Suggested reasons for this are the known tolerance of tropical legumes to low Ca supply and the fact that exchangeable Ca, although low, represented a fairly high percentage of the total exchange capacity. Levels of total N in these soils were also very low and the native grasses were able to absorb only 15 kg N ha-1 in an entire growing season. Two samples of rock phosphate (from north-western Queensland and Christmas Island) were found to be very poor alternatives to superphosphate, at least in the first season. In spite of the extreme infertility of these soils, very high levels of pasture production (> 10,000 kg of Townsville sty10 ha-1) could be achieved in well-fertilized pastures.

scholarly journals COR/LEA Proteins as Indicators of Frost Tolerance in Triticeae: A Comparison of Controlled versus Field Conditions

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 789
Author(s):  
Klára Kosová ◽  
Miroslav Klíma ◽  
Ilja Tom Prášil ◽  
Pavel Vítámvás
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Late Embryogenesis Abundant ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Lea Proteins ◽  
Winter Cereals ◽  
Vernalisation Requirement

Low temperatures in the autumn induce enhanced expression/relative accumulation of several cold-inducible transcripts/proteins with protective functions from Late-embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) superfamily including dehydrins. Several studies dealing with plants grown under controlled conditions revealed a correlation (significant quantitative relationship) between dehydrin transcript/protein relative accumulation and plant frost tolerance. However, to apply these results in breeding, field experiments are necessary. The aim of the review is to provide a summary of the studies dealing with the relationships between plant acquired frost tolerance and COR/LEA transcripts/proteins relative accumulation in cereals grown in controlled and field conditions. The impacts of cold acclimation and vernalisation processes on the ability of winter-type Triticeae to accumulate COR/LEA proteins are discussed. The factors determining dehydrin relative accumulation under controlled cold acclimation treatments versus field trials during winter seasons are discussed. In conclusion, it can be stated that dehydrins could be used as suitable indicators of winter survival in field-grown winter cereals but only in plant prior to the fulfilment of vernalisation requirement.

FACTORS AFFECTING ADULT EMERGENCE AND MATING BEHAVIOR OF THE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1975 ◽  
Vol 107 (9) ◽  
pp. 967-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Continuous Illumination ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Eastern Spruce Budworm ◽  
Duration Of Copulation

AbstractLaboratory and field experiments indicate that the female spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)) pupal stadium requires approximately 122C degree-days above a threshold of 7.2 °C (45°F), the male 124. Emergence time on any given day depends on temperature but is independent of photoperiod. Under field conditions male and female budworm mate only once per 24-h period. In the laboratory under continuous illumination females mate repeatedly and males readily mate a second time within a few hours, but the duration of the second copulation is abnormally long. The probability of multiple matings under field conditions is reduced by the restricted period of sexual activity coupled with the duration of copulation and the lower competitiveness of mated insects. Antennae are essential to the male for successful copulation.

Do applications of sulfur or sulfate influence infestations of root maggots (Delia spp.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in canola?

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Dosdall ◽  
R. -C. Yang ◽  
P. M. Conway
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Delia Radicum ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Root Maggot ◽  
Sulfur Nutrition

While the importance of sulfur nutrition for the development of healthy stands of canola is well documented, the role of sulfur in the management of insect pest infestations has not previously been investigated in this crop. Field experiments were conducted at three sites in central Alberta in 1997 and 1998 to determine the influence of sulfur and sulfate applications on infestations of root maggots (Delia spp.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in canola (Brassica rapa L.). Different formulations (granules, powder, prills, and sprays), application methods (either drilled in with the seed or top-dressed on the soil surface), and application rates were evaluated. To assess the degree of root maggot infestation, oviposition throughout the season and damage to taproots at the end of the season were monitored. Sulfur contents were analyzed from leaf samples collected mid-season and seed yields were measured from all treatment plots. Root maggot responses to the different sulfur treatments and application methods varied among years and sites, indicating that environmental factors have great importance in determining infestation levels by these pests, and the oxidation rate of elemental sulfur in soil. Sulfur formulation and application rate had significant effects on root maggot egg deposition and root damage for some sites and years, but even at high rates of application (112 kg ha-1) reductions in infestation levels were not substantial relative to the controls. While sulfur additions alone will not greatly reduce root maggot infestation levels in canola, growers should employ adequate sulfur nutrition for optimum crop health to enable plants to better compensate for damage by these pests. Key words: Brassica rapa, Delia radicum, Delia floralis, elemental sulfur, sulfate, canola

scholarly journals Weather Variables Associated with Infection of Tomato Fruit by Colletotrichum coccodes

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 753-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sanogo ◽  
S. P. Pennypacker ◽  
R. E. Stevenson ◽  
A. A. MacNab
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Central Pennsylvania ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Relationship Of

Field experiments were conducted to determine the relationship of tomato anthracnose to weather variables. Sixteen potted tomato plants were exposed to field conditions within rows of tomato plants for 4 consecutive days at various time periods during the 1993 and 1994 summer growing seasons. Incidence of fruit infection by Colletotrichum coccodes was correlated with rain variables (amount and duration of rain) alone and in combination with other meteorological factors. The best fitting regression equation, accounting for 72% of the variation in anthracnose incidence (arcsine-square root transformed), was Y = 111.77 - 1.16 HNRo, in which HNRo is the numbers of hours during which no rainfall occurs within 4-day intervals that tomato fruit were exposed to field conditions in central Pennsylvania.

scholarly journals Managment of sulphur fertilizer in forage sorghum crop cultivated in eutrophic Cambisol with alkaline pH

2019 ◽  
pp. 1258-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Henrique Ferreira Matos Castañon ◽  
Boanerges Freire de Aquino ◽  
Edna Maria Bonfim Silva ◽  
Izabel Maria Almeida Lima ◽  
Ana Paula Alves Barreto Damasceno
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Forage Sorghum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Sulphur Fertilizer ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of soil fertilization with sulfur-based fertilizers, sulfate and elemental sulfur forms on biomass production, nutrient characteristics of sorghum and soil chemical properties. The experiment was carried out in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme (four sulfur sources: single superphosphate, agricultural gypsum, elemental sulfur powder and elemental sulfur granulated with bentonite, and four sulfur doses: 0, 40, 80, 120 mgdm-3) using four replications in a completely randomized design, being cultivated in pots under greenhouse conditions. The sorghum was cultivated for a period of 51 days after emergence of the seedlings. The shoot dry mass, shoot macronutrients content, root and soil and pH of the soil were evaluated. There were interactions between sources and sulfur doses in the variables such as shoot dry mass, sulfur in the root, sulfur and calcium in the soil. Elemental sulfur (granulate) showed lower concentrations of phosphorus, sulfur and N:S ratio in the shoot. The concentrations of potassium, calcium and magnesium did not show significant differences, both for the shoot and the root. The pH of the soil was reduced depending on the sources and doses of elemental sulfur. The sources and doses of sulfur did not influence the levels of phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium in the soil. The elemental sulfur in the form of powder is the best source of sulfur for forage sorghum cultivated in soil with alkaline pH.

scholarly journals Indium-Catalyzed Direct Conversion of Lactones into Thiolactones Using a Disilathiane as a Sulfur Source

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Ogiwara ◽  
Ken Takano ◽  
Shuhei Horikawa ◽  
Norio Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Previous Reaction ◽  
Indium Catalyst

Indium-catalyzed reaction of lactones and a disilathiane leading to thiolactones is described. The direct synthesis of thiolactones from lactones with an appropriate sulfur source is one of the most attractive approaches in organic and pharmaceutical chemistry. In this context, we found an indium-catalyzed direct conversion of lactones into thiolactones in the presence of elemental sulfur and a hydrosilane via formation of the disilathiane in-situ. On the basis of the previous reaction, the application utilizing the disilathiane as a sulfur source was performed herein for the efficient synthesis of a variety of thiolactone derivatives from lactones by an indium-catalyst.

scholarly journals Analysis of Working Qualitative Parameters for No-Till Machines

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovidiu RANTA ◽  
Ioan DROCAS ◽  
Sorin STANILA ◽  
Adrian MOLNAR ◽  
Mircea Valentin MUNTEAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Experimental Teaching ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soil Bin ◽  
Teaching Facility

Autors was designed a system to modify the SPC romanian seeding machine for in order that it can be used for no-till technology. This machine was manufactured with the help of S.C. MECANICA M.A.R.I..U.S. S.A. in Cluj- Napoca and it was used in laboratory conditions in a state of the art soil bin of Hohenheim University, Stuttgart and in laboratory-field conditions. The field experiments were located on a plot of Experimental Teaching Facility of USAMV Cluj-Napoca, on aluviosol molic soil after SRTS – 200, in location Lunca Someşului Mic (Podişul Someşan) .

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