Assessment of metal contamination in coastal marine sediments of Makadi Bay on the Red Sea, Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1241
Author(s):  
Mohamed Youssef ◽  
Hashem Madkour ◽  
Raafat El Attar ◽  
Abbas Mansour ◽  
Amani Badawi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Trace Metal Concentration ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Cd Contamination

To assess the heavy metal contamination in the sediments of Makadi Bay (Hurghada, Egypt), surface samples were collected from 32 locations. Six heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd) were analysed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The order of trace metal concentration in the samples was Mn>Zn>Pb>Cu>Cd. The analytical results were subjected to univariate statistical analyses to evaluate the distribution and abundance of the metals in the area. The degree of pollution of the sediments by these metals was evaluated by calculating enrichment factors and the geoaccumulation, pollution load and soil pollution indices. The results indicated that all marine sediment locations are practically unpolluted by metals. The high metal concentrations of Pb and Cd due to anthropogenic sources (mean 38.76 and 2.43μgg–1 respectively) recorded in most samples are essentially attributable to the anomalous concentrations of Pb and Cd in these samples. Both natural and anthropogenic sources of Pb and Cd contamination around Makadi Bay are possible. Generally, the levels of heavy metals in the study area do not constitute any serious environmental risk, except in the case of Pb and Cd.

scholarly journals Assessment of the metal pollution in surface sediments of coastal Tasaul Lake (Romania)

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Vasiliu ◽  
Andra Bucse ◽  
Naliana Lupascu ◽  
Bogdan Ispas ◽  
Catalin Gheablau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Metal Concentrations

AbstractForty-three surface sediment samples were collected in September 2019 from Tasaul Lake (Black Sea coast, Romania) to examine the metal distribution patterns, assess the level of metal contamination, and identify the pollutant sources. The determined mean metal concentrations were as follows: Al 49,772 mg/kg, Zn 84.40 mg/kg, Cr 83.70 mg/kg, V 76.45 mg/kg, Ni 42.53 mg/kg, Cu 34.27 mg/kg, Pb 26.30 mg/kg, As 12.49 mg/kg, and Hg 0.06 mg/kg. The metals in the surface sediments of Tasaul Lake displayed moderate spatial variation, with higher metal concentrations mainly occurring in the south and southeast (As, Pb, and Hg), southwest (Cu and Zn), and west of the lake (Cr, Ni, and V). Heavy metal contamination in sediments is assessed using pollution indices such as enrichment factor, contamination factor, and pollution load index. The highest CFs and EFs were determined for As (moderate to high pollution), followed by Pb (low to moderate pollution). The Cu, Zn, and Hg pollution indices showed values corresponding to low pollution levels, while Ni, Cr, and V presented the lowest indices, suggesting unpolluted sediments. Multivariate statistical analyses were performed to identify the origin of the analyzed heavy metals. Cr was predominantly sourced from lithogenic components, Ni and V originated from both natural and anthropogenic sources, and As, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Hg showed mainly anthropogenic sources such as agricultural runoff, domestic and industrial wastewater discharges, and quarrying activities.

scholarly journals Ecological risk assessment of heavy metal-contaminated soils of selected villages in Zamfara State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharhabil Musa Yahaya ◽  
Fatima Abubakar ◽  
Nafiu Abdu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption

AbstractThe incidence of heavy metal contamination in Zamfara State, northern Nigeria, due to artisanal mining in some villages has resulted in the pollution of a vast area of land and water. This study evaluated the extent of environmental risks caused by heavy metals. It involved five (5) villages (Bagega, Dareta, Sunke, Tunga, and Abare) where mining activities were taking place and Anka town with no record of mining activities served as control. In each of the five villages, three sites (3) were identified as a mining site, processing site, and village making a total of sixteen (16) sites. Bulked soil samples were collected in triplicate and analyzed for iron, lead, cadmium, chromium, zinc, and nickel using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Measured concentrations of the heavy metals in soils were then used to calculate the pollution and ecological risk pose by heavy metals. Their concentrations were in the order Fe > Pb > Cr > Zn > Cd > Ni, with Pb and Cd having a concentration higher than permissible levels for soils and accounted for 98.64% of the total potential ecological risk. Also, all the different pollution indices examined showed that all the sites were polluted with Cd, and all the processing sites were polluted with Pb. This reveals that processing sites pose more risk to heavy metal contamination. Correlation analysis showed a highly significant (p < 0.001) positive correlation between Pb and Zn, Cr and Ni, and a significant (p < 0.01) positive correlation between Fe and Pb, Zn and Cr. The principal component analysis suggested that Pb, Zn, Cr, and Ni likely originated from the same source, i.e., mining activities, and Fe and Cd originated from the abundant parent material in the study area.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment of Overlying Water and Sediments of Nkozoa Lake (Southern Cameroon)

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-109
Author(s):  
Noa Tang Sylvie Désirée ◽  
Ekoa Bessa Armel Zacharie ◽  
Tchakam Kamtchueng Brice ◽  
Wongan Kouonchie Sorel Ange ◽  
Etame Jacques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Contamination Degree ◽  
Effect Level

Examination of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, Hg, Cd and Ni) in overlying water and sediments was conducted in Lake Nkozoa, in a peripheral area of Yaoundé characterized by a high population density and rapid economic development in Cameroon. Sediment samples were collected at the entrance and near the center of the lake, using a raft and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes. They were subjected to water quality parameters, heavy metals comparisons and calculations of pollution indices and ecological risks followed by statistical analysis in order to identify and estimate the sources of metal contamination in overlying water and sediments of the Nkozoa Lake. The physico-chemical parameters of water show that the pH (5 < pH < 6), total dissolved solids (TDS~130 g/L) and conductivity (EC~194.8 µs/cm) are below the recommendations of the WHO. The average heavy metal concentrations in sediments, except Cd, are lower than the upper continental crust (UCC) and several environmental contamination monitoring parameters, such as threshold effect level (TEL), probable effect level (PEL), and severe effect level (SEL). The sediment samples show a low heavy metal contamination degree (class 0) and low potential ecological risk (PER) level, except for Cd and Hg which have high contamination degree (class 1 to 6) and moderate PER. Matrix correlation shows that some parameters like pH, EC, Cr and TDS, Cu, Hg in water have perfect positive correlations (r = 1.00) suggesting common sources of contamination. Cluster analyses coupled with matrix data for sediments revealed that Cd is the most contaminant elements derived from anthropogenic sources.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Contamination in Oryza sativa L. at the Eastern Region of Malaysia and Its Risk Assessment

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Nur Syahirah Zulkafflee ◽  
Nurul Adillah Mohd Redzuan ◽  
Sara Nematbakhsh ◽  
Jinap Selamat ◽  
Mohd Razi Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Acceptable Limit

Paddy plants tend to accumulate heavy metals from both natural and anthropogenic sources, and this poses adverse risks to human health. The objective of this study was to investigate heavy metal contamination in paddy plants in Kelantan, Malaysia, and its health risk assessment. The bioaccumulation of heavy metals was studied by means of enrichment (EF) and translocation factors (TF). The health risk assessment was performed based on USEPA guidelines. The EF for heavy metals in the studied areas was in the descending order of Cu > As > Cr > Cd > Pb. Meanwhile, Cr and Pb exhibited higher TF values from stem to grain compared with the others. The combined hazard index (HI) resulting from five heavy metals exceeded the acceptable limit (HI >1). The lifetime cancer risk, in both adult and children, was beyond the acceptable limit (10−4) and mainly resulted from exposure. The total cancer risk (CRt) due to simultaneous exposures to multiple carcinogenic elements also exceeded 10−4. In conclusion, intake of heavy metal through rice ingestion is likely to cause both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks. Further research is required to investigate the extent of heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils and, moreover, to establish human exposure as a result of rice consumption.

scholarly journals Heavy metal pollution status in surface sediments of the Khajeh Kory River, north Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1148-1158
Author(s):  
Maryam Zare Khosheghbal ◽  
Marjan Esmaeilzadeh ◽  
Fereydoun Ghazban ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Charmsazi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Riverbed Sediments

Abstract This study aimed at exploring the extent of likely sources of heavy metal pollution in sediments of the Khajeh Kory riverbed in the north of Iran. In order to assess the heavy metal contamination, samples from surface sediments in 10 stations covering the river were collected and analysed to determine heavy metal contents including Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mn, Co, Al, and Fe. Three guidelines were applied to assess the heavy metal contamination. Compared with the global average values, the calculated enrichment factors indicated high values for Fe, Mn, Cd, Co, and Cu, and very high values for Pb and Zn. The results obtained from principal component analysis revealed that the geogenic and anthropogenic sources were the main causes of the widespread enrichment of heavy metals in the riverbed sediments. The results suggested that the riverbed sediments were contaminated with heavy metals, which contribute to the freshwater toxicity in the ecosystem of the Khajeh Kory River.

scholarly journals Accumulation of essential (copper, iron, zinc) and non-essential (lead, cadmium) heavy metals in Caulerpa racemosa, sea water, and marine sediments of Bintan Island, Indonesia

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Tengku Said Raza’i ◽  
Thamrin Thamrin ◽  
Nofrizal Nofrizal ◽  
Viktor Amrifo ◽  
Hilfi Pardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Caulerpa Racemosa ◽  
Mining Areas

Background: Heavy metals are materials naturally occurring in nature and increase with a rise in human activity. Ex-mining areas and domestic waste from human settlements are sources of heavy metal contamination that enter and pollute water, which then accumulates in various organisms including the Caulerpa racemosa community. The accumulation of heavy metals in C. racemosa has a wide impact on the food chain in aquatic ecosystems and humans because this alga is a consumptive commodity.   Methods: Sampling of C. racemosa was carried out at seven sites on Bintan Island, Indonesia covering the eastern (Teluk Bakau, Beralas Pasir, Malang Rapat), northern (Berakit and Pengudang), western (Sakera), and southern parts (Tg. Siambang). Sampling was carried out during different monsoons, and heavy metals in water and sediment samples were measured to determine the heavy metal concentration. Heavy metals were analyzed by a spectrophotometric method using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry.   Results: The results showed that heavy metal concentrations fluctuate according to changes in the wind season, which carry currents and spread pollutants into the water. The concentration of metal in the water is also from anthropogenic activities. The heavy metal content of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) in C. racemosa is high in locations close to settlements. Meanwhile, in seawater samples, Fe and Zn metals have the highest concentrations compared to others.  Conclusions: Ex-bauxite mines are a source of Fe and Zn metal contamination in the environment, especially at Tg. Siambang. The levels of these heavy metals in the sediment are also high, as surface particle deposits accumulate at the bottom of the sediment. In general, the levels of heavy metals Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe, and Zn increase in the northern monsoon because the dynamics of the water transport greater heavy metal pollution.

Feasibility of using environmental covariates and machine learning to predict the spatial variability of selected heavy metals in soils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Zeraatpisheh ◽  
Rouhollah Mirzaei ◽  
Younes Garosi ◽  
Ming Xu ◽  
Gerard B.M. Heuvelink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Prediction Performance ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Environmental Covariates

&lt;p&gt;Heavy metal contamination in soil is a major environmental issue intensified by rapid industrial and population growth. Understanding the spatial distribution of soil contamination by heavy metals in the ecosystem is a necessary precondition to monitor soil health and to assess the ecological risks. The main sources of heavy metals in soil are natural and anthropogenic sources. Natural sources are typically released of heavy metals from rock by weathering and atmospheric precipitation. Anthropogenic sources are related to industrialization, rapid urbanization, agricultural practices, and military activities. We analyzed a total of 358 topsoil samples (0&amp;#8211;30 cm) collected in Golestan province in the northeast of Iran based on a regular square grid networks with 1,700 squares each sized 2.5 km&amp;#178;(random sampling within the grid). From these samples, we determined the spatial distribution of Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Pb using random forest (RF). A multi-spectral image (Landsat 8), and environmental derivatives calculated from terrain attributes, climatic parameters, parent material, land use maps, distances to mine sectors, main roads, industrial sites, and rivers were used as covariates to predict the spatial distribution of concentrations of heavy metals. The multi-collinearity of the predictors was examined by the variance inflation factor (VIF), and a feature selection process (genetic algorithm) was applied to avoid noise and optimize the selected input variables for the final model. The predictive accuracy of RF model was assessed by the mean prediction error (ME), root mean squared error (RMSE), and coefficient of determination (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) using 5-fold cross-validation technique. The results showed that the concentration levels (mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) of Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn varied from 0.02 to 2.75, 9.70 to 93.70, 6.80 to 114.20, 9.50 to 93.20, and 25.10 to 417.4, respectively. The best prediction performance was for Ni (RMSE=9.9 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1 &lt;/sup&gt;and R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=56.6%), and the lowest prediction performance for Cd (RMSE=0.4 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1 &lt;/sup&gt;and R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=28.0%). Environmental covariates that control soil moisture and water flow along with climatic factors were the most important variables to define the spatial distribution of soil heavy metals. We conclude that the RF model using easily accessible environmental covariates is a promising, cost-effective and fast approach to monitor the spatial distribution of heavy metal contamination in soils.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keywords:&lt;/strong&gt; Heavy metals; digital soil mapping; machine learning; random forest; spatial variation; soil pollution.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metal Profile in Commercially Packaged Water in Ado Metropolis, Ekiti State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-328
Author(s):  
Oluwatuyi SHEGUN Victor ◽  
Adewumi Michael Onasanmi ◽  
Makanjuola Bosede Christianah ◽  
Sam-Ijadele Oluwakemi Ifedayo ◽  
Bello Mojisola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Potable Water Supply ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Hands And Feet

Commercially packaged water has been the main source of water supply to residents of Ado Metropolis; due to lack of potable water supply, individuals depend on commercial packaged water for drinking and domestic use. As a result of this, one has little or no assurance on the quality and safety of the water and its source. Heavy metal contamination includes exposure to lead, mercury, arsenic and cadmium, heavy metal contamination in Ado metropolis includes anthropogenic sources which includes activities of mining industries as discharge their untreated effluents into nearby water sources, other source of contamination includes automobile source that releases zinc, arsenic and copper; insecticides which releases arsenic and burning of fossil fuels which releases nickel, vanadium and mercury. Heavy metals cause general body weakness, abdominal pain, shortness of breath, chills, diarrhea, vomiting and tingling in the hands and feet when consumed. Hence, this study is important because it will reveal the presence of heavy metals in sampled waters in Ado Metropolis and also compare with WHO standard which in turn gives room for the suggestion of mitigating measures to regulate the sale of these public waters. Some brands of commercially packaged were purchased from different markets in Ado metropolis based on accessibility and high demands.

Polymorphism of p-450 cytochrome detoxication genes in adolescents depending on the degree of contamination of the organism by heavy metals

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-482
Author(s):  
N. P. Setko ◽  
A. G. Setko ◽  
Ekaterina V. Bulycheva ◽  
A. V. Tyurin ◽  
E. Yu. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Cyp2b6 Gene ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Gene Cyp1a1 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. Changes in the body of children and adolescents aimed at adapting to environmental factors are determined by genetic polymorphism in xenobiotic biotransformation genes, determining the degree of susceptibility of the child’s body to pollutants, which is the basis of modern personalized preventive medicine when managing risks to the health of the child population under the influence of environmental factors. Material and methods. Trace elements, including heavy metals, lead and cadmium, were determined in the hair of 256 practically healthy teenagers by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Depending on the level of content of the latter, two groups of adolescents were formed to determine six genes of the cytochrome P-450 family. Group 1 consisted of adolescents whose cadmium lead content exceeded the average Russian indices. The second group included adolescents whose heavy metals were above the level of average Russian standards. Results. Studies have shown that in adolescents of the 1st group, compared with the data of adolescents of the 2nd group, an increase in the number of carriers of two mutant alleles at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) is 3.08 times, rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1) is 1. 8 times; locus rs 2069522 (CYP1A2 gene) 3.63 times; locus rs 1799853 (CYP2C9 * 2 gene) 4.5 times; locus rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) 3.8 times and locus rs 2279343 (gene CYP2B6) 4.25 times. Moreover, carriers of two normal alleles in adolescents of the first group at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) were 5.14 times; locus rs 2279343 (CYP2B6 gene) was 6.5 fold less than among adolescents of the 2nd group; and at the locus rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1), rs 2069522 (gene CYP1A2), rs 1799853 (gene CYP2C9 * 2), rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) there were no carriers of normal homozygotes. Conclusion. Group 1 adolescents with heavy metal contamination of the body are carriers significantly in a greater number of pathological mutations in the genes of the cytochrome P-450 detoxification system in comparison with data from group 2 adolescents.

A brief Survey of Assessment models to Predict stress Level of Heavy Metals in Soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Annam ◽  
Anshu Singla
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Human Life ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress

Abstract: Soil is a major and important natural resource, which not only supports human life but also furnish commodities for ecological and economic growth. Ecological risk has posed a serious threat to the ecosystem by the degradation of soil. The high-stress level of heavy metals like chromium, copper, cadmium, etc. produce ecological risks which include: decrease in the fertility of the soil; reduction in crop yield & degradation of metabolism of living beings, and hence ecological health. The ecological risk associated, demands the assessment of heavy metal stress levels in soils. As the rate of stress level of heavy metals is exponentially increasing in recent times, it is apparent to assess or predict heavy metal contamination in soil. The assessment will help the concerned authorities to take corrective as well as preventive measures to enhance the ecological and hence economic growth. This study reviews the efficient assessment models to predict soil heavy metal contamination.

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