Root-induced dissolution of phosphate rock in the rhizosphere of lupins grown in alkaline soil

Soil Research ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Hinsinger ◽  
RJ Gilkes
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
High Rate ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Rhizosphere Ph ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Pure Alumina ◽  
Narrow Leaf

Dissolution of North Carolina phosphate rock (PR) in the rhizosphere of white lupin (Lupinus albus) and narrow leaf lupin (L. angustifolius) was measured in a growth chamber experiment. Plants were grown for 8-13 days in an artificial soil (pure alumina sand) at alkaline pH to eliminate dissolution of PR due to reaction with the soil. Phosphate rock was supplied as the sole source of P and Ca for the plants at two rates of application (0.1 and 1 mg P g-1 soil). Both species dissolved considerable amounts of PR (up to 70% of PR present within 3 mm from the roots). Phosphorus extracted from the soil with 0.5 M NaOH showed that up to 69% of dissolved P accumulated in the rhizosphere of both species due to sorption by the soil, particularly at the high rate of application. Only white lupin utilized significant amounts of Ca. Thus P and Ca uptake were not driving forces for the root-induced dissolution of PR which was probably due to proton excretion that occurred concurrently, as evidenced by a decrease of rhizosphere pH of about 2 pH units. White lupin dissolved up to twice as much PR than narrow leaf lupin. This may be related to either the larger root biomass of white lupin or the particular excretion activity of its proteoid roots.

scholarly journals First Report of Crenate Broomrape (Orobanche crenata) on White Lupine (Lupinus albus) Growing in Alkaline Soils in Spain and Egypt

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 970-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fernández-Aparicio ◽  
A. A. Emeran ◽  
A. Moral ◽  
D. Rubiales
Keyword(s):  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Orobanche Crenata ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Report ◽  
White Lupine

Crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata Forsk.) is a parasitic weed known to threaten legume crops since antiquity. It is mainly restricted to the Mediterranean Basin, Southern Europe, and the Middle East where it is an important pest in grain and forage legumes and in some apiaceous crops such as carrot and celery (1). White lupines are cultivated in acid soils, which usually are free of O. crenata infestations. However, breeders are attempting to develop white lupine cultivars adapted to alkaline soils (2). We report here findings of O. crenata infection in field trials of this new lupine germplasm in alkaline soils in experimental farms with a known history of faba bean cultivation and heavy infestation of O. crenata in Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt and Córdoba, Spain in the spring of 2009. Symptoms were typical of O. crenata infection with reduced growth and emergence of typical O. crenata nonbranched spikes close to the lupine plants. Infection was confirmed by digging up the plants to verify the attachment of the broomrape plant to the lupine. O. crenata plants growing on lupines were fully fertile, producing viable seeds. Plant morphology was typical of O. crenata (1). Voucher specimens were deposited at the Herbarium of the Botanic Department of the University of Córdoba. To our knowledge, this is the first report of O. crenata infecting lupine and is relevant because the expected introduction of alkaline-tolerant lupine cultivars will extend its area of cultivation into fields heavily infested with Orobanche. O. crenata is highly polymorphic and could easily adapt to, recognize, and infect this new host. Development of lupine-adapted O. crenata populations should be monitored because it could represent a major constraint on lupine introduction into alkaline soils. References: (1) D. M. Joel et al. Biology and Management of Weedy Root Parasites. Page 267 in: Horticultural Reviews. Vol. 33. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ, 2007. (2) M. Vishnyakova and A. Mikic, White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) landraces and the breeding for tolerance to alkaline soil reaction. Page 142 in: Second GL-TTP Workshop: Integrating Legume Science and Crop Breeding. Novi Sad, Serbia, 2008.

scholarly journals White Lupin (Lupinus albus L. cv. Amiga) Increases Solubility of Minjingu Phosphate Rock, Phosphorus Balances and Maize Yields in Njoro Kenya

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce J. Lelei ◽  
Richard N. Onwonga
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Maize Yields ◽  
Lupinus Albus L ◽  
Minjingu Phosphate Rock

<p>Exudation of high amounts of citrate in white lupin (<em>Lupinus albus L. cv. Amiga</em>) has the advantage of being effective in mobilization of a wide range of sparingly soluble P sources. To improve cultivation system of maize, a field experiment was conducted to assess effectiveness of white lupin (<em>Lupinus albus</em> L. cv. Amiga) in increasing solubility of minjingu phosphate rock (MPR), phosphorus balances and maize yields in Njoro sub-County, Kenya. The randomized complete block design experiment was conducted for four seasons; short (October – February) and long rain seasons (March-September) of 2010 and 2011. The treatments were; (i) fallow (F) – maize (M) rotation with triple superphosphate (TSP) applied (M<sub>TSP</sub>- F), (ii) fallow - maize rotation with MPR applied (M<sub>MPR</sub> –F), (iii) lupin (L) – maize rotation with MPR applied (M<sub>MPR</sub>- L) and (iv) maize/lupin intercrop with MPR applied (M/L<sub>MPR</sub> – F). Soil and plant P and maize grain yield were higher in M/L<sub>MPR</sub> – F (with additional lupin grain yield) and M<sub>TSP</sub>– F treatments. All treatments resulted in positive P balances at the end of two years with highest values in M<sub>TSP</sub>– F treatment and lowest in M/L<sub>MPR</sub> – F. Intercropping lupin with maize amid application of MPR is recommended for enhanced maize performance in the farming systems of resource poor farmers. Measurement of available soil nitrogen and comparison of lupin with other legumes in solubilizing MPR is recommended.</p><p> </p>

Comparative performance of Lupinus albus genotypes in response to soil alkalinity

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Liu ◽  
C. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Iron Chlorosis ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Shoot Weight

Narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) grows poorly on alkaline soils, whereas white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) grows relatively well. This study aimed at examining genotypic variations of white lupins grown in limed acid and alkaline soils in the glasshouse and to test whether the glasshouse findings correlated with those observed in the field. Twelve white lupin genotypes were tested for their tolerance of limed and alkaline soils in the glasshouse. In limed soils compared with the control soil, genotypic variation in shoot growth ranged from 58 to 80%, root weight from 49 to 72%, and leaf chlorophyll concentration from 47 to 96%. In the alkaline soil, shoot weight ranged from 75 to 110%, root weight from 39 to 63%, and chlorophyll concentration from 58 to 94% of the control. However, iron chlorosis did not negatively correlate with shoot growth of the genotypes on the limed or alkaline soils. The results suggest that iron chlorosis may not be used as a sole indicator for selecting tolerant albus lupins for alkaline soils. Nineteen lines including those used in the glasshouse were compared in the field for their ability to grow on an alkaline clay. Large genotypic variation in early shoot growth was also found; shoot weight on the alkaline soil relative to an acid soil ranged from 38 to 85%. However, growth performance of the white lupin genotypes in response to the alkaline soil did not correlate with those in the glasshouse, indicating that factors other than soil alkalinity might also be important for the growth of albus lupin. Screening techniques to identify tolerant genotypes for alkaline soils need to be further developed.

scholarly journals Quantitative Control of Early Flowering in White Lupin (Lupinus albus L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3856
Author(s):  
Sandra Rychel-Bielska ◽  
Anna Surma ◽  
Wojciech Bielski ◽  
Bartosz Kozak ◽  
Renata Galek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Major Qtls ◽  
Lupinus Albus L

White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) is a pulse annual plant cultivated from the tropics to temperate regions for its high-protein grain as well as a cover crop or green manure. Wild populations are typically late flowering and have high vernalization requirements. Nevertheless, some early flowering and thermoneutral accessions were found in the Mediterranean basin. Recently, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) explaining flowering time variance were identified in bi-parental population mapping, however, phenotypic and genotypic diversity in the world collection has not been addressed yet. In this study, a diverse set of white lupin accessions (n = 160) was phenotyped for time to flowering in a controlled environment and genotyped with PCR-based markers (n = 50) tagging major QTLs and selected homologs of photoperiod and vernalization pathway genes. This survey highlighted quantitative control of flowering time in white lupin, providing statistically significant associations for all major QTLs and numerous regulatory genes, including white lupin homologs of CONSTANS, FLOWERING LOCUS T, FY, MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1, PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4, SKI-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1, and VERNALIZATION INDEPENDENCE 3. This revealed the complexity of flowering control in white lupin, dispersed among numerous loci localized on several chromosomes, provided economic justification for future genome-wide association studies or genomic selection rather than relying on simple marker-assisted selection.

scholarly journals LaPT2 Gene Encodes a Flavonoid Prenyltransferase in White Lupin

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyue Liu ◽  
Yaying Xia ◽  
Wenbo Jiang ◽  
Guoan Shen ◽  
Yongzhen Pang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Prenylated Flavonoids ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds

Legume plants are rich in prenylated flavonoid compounds, which play an important role in plant defense and human health. In the present study, we identified a prenyltransferase (PT) gene, named LaPT2, in white lupin (Lupinus albus), which shows a high identity and close relationship with the other known PT genes involved in flavonoid prenylation in planta. The recombinant LaPT2 protein expressed in yeast cells exhibited a relatively strong activity toward several flavonols (e.g., kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin) and a relatively weak activity toward flavanone (naringenin). In addition, the recombinant LaPT2 protein was also active toward several other types of flavonoids, including galangin, morin, 5-deoxyquercetin, 4'-O-methylkaempferol, taxifolin, and aromadendrin, with distinct enzymatic affinities. The LaPT2 gene was preferentially expressed in the roots, which is consistent with the presence of prenylated flavonoid kaempferol in the roots. Moreover, we found that the expression level of LaPT2 paralleled with those of LaF3H1 and LaFLS2 genes that were relatively higher in roots and lower in leaves, suggesting that they were essential for the accumulation of prenylated flavonoid kaempferol in roots. The deduced full-length LaPT2 protein and its signal peptide fused with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) are targeted to plastids in the Arabidopsis thaliana protoplast. Our study demonstrated that LaPT2 from white lupin is responsible for the biosynthesis of prenylated flavonoids, in particular flavonols, which could be utilized as phytoalexin for plant defense and bioactive flavonoid compounds for human health.

scholarly journals The impact of sowingdate and production area on the yield of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) on Nyírség brown forest soil

2014 ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Gabriella Tóth ◽  
Ferenc Borbély
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Brown Forest Soil ◽  
Production Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lupinus Albus L

The lupine is very sensitive to the different ecological conditions. The examinations of lupine was started in 2003 and our aim is determine yield components which directly affecting crop yields (flower, pod and seed number per plants) in different sowing times (3 times, two weeks apart) and growing area area (240, 480, 720 cm2) combinations. According to our results the sowing times, the growing area and the meteorological conditions are influence on yield significantly. Our data suggest that the early sowing and large growing area combination is favourable to rate of fertilized plants and to development of yield. Later sowing reduces the seed yield depending on the cropyear. In our experiment, the decrease of yield was in the unfavourable year (2003) 20–96%, and in the most favourable meteorological conditions (2004) 10–79%, and in rich rainfall year (2005) 15–88%.

scholarly journals Nodulated White Lupin Plants Growing in Contaminated Soils Accumulate Unusually High Mercury Concentrations in Their Nodules, Roots and Especially Cluster Roots

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Quiñones ◽  
Susana Fajardo ◽  
Mercedes Fernández-Pascual ◽  
M. Mercedes Lucas ◽  
José J. Pueyo
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Cluster Roots ◽  
Cluster Root ◽  
Bioaccumulation Factors ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
High Mercury ◽  
Lupinus Albus L ◽  
Hg Accumulation

Two white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) cultivars were tested for their capacity to accumulate mercury when grown in Hg-contaminated soils. Plants inoculated with a Bradyrhizobium canariense Hg-tolerant strain or non-inoculated were grown in two highly Hg-contaminated soils. All plants were nodulated and presented a large number of cluster roots. They accumulated up to 600 μg Hg g−1 DW in nodules, 1400 μg Hg g−1 DW in roots and 2550 μg Hg g−1 DW in cluster roots. Soil, and not cultivar or inoculation, was accountable for statistically significant differences. No Hg translocation to leaves or seeds took place. Inoculated L. albus cv. G1 plants were grown hydroponically under cluster root-promoting conditions in the presence of Hg. They accumulated about 500 μg Hg g−1 DW in nodules and roots and up to 1300 μg Hg g−1 DW in cluster roots. No translocation to the aerial parts occurred. Bioaccumulation factors were also extremely high, especially in soils and particularly in cluster roots. To our knowledge, Hg accumulation in cluster roots has not been reported to date. Our results suggest that inoculated white lupin might represent a powerful phytoremediation tool through rhizosequestration of Hg in contaminated soils. Potential uptake and immobilization mechanisms are discussed.

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