scholarly journals College roommates have a modest but significant influence on each other’s political ideology

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. e2015514117
Author(s):  
Logan Strother ◽  
Spencer Piston ◽  
Ezra Golberstein ◽  
Sarah E. Gollust ◽  
Daniel Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Peer Effects ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
College Education ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Political Views ◽  
College Roommates ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Over Time

Does college change students’ political preferences? While existing research has documented associations between college education and political views, it remains unclear whether these associations reflect a causal relationship. We address this gap in previous research by analyzing a quasi-experiment in which university students are assigned to live together as roommates. While we find little evidence that college students as a whole become more liberal over time, we do find strong evidence of peer effects, in which students’ political views become more in line with the views of their roommates over time. This effect is strongest for conservative students. These findings shed light on the role of higher education in an era of political polarization.

scholarly journals Polarization in the contemporary political and media landscape

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E Wilson ◽  
Victoria Parker ◽  
Matthew Feinberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Ideological Polarization ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Polarization Phenomena ◽  
Partisan Media ◽  
Over Time

Political polarization is on the rise in America. Although social psychologists frequently study the intergroup underpinnings of polarization, they have traditionally had less to say about macro societal processes that contribute to its rise and fall. Recent cross-disciplinary work on the contemporary political and media landscape provides these complementary insights. In this paper, we consider the evidence for and implications of political polarization, distinguishing between ideological, affective, and false polarization. We review three key societal-level factors contributing to these polarization phenomena: the role of political elites, partisan media, and social media dynamics. We argue that institutional polarization processes (elites, media and social media) contribute to people’s misperceptions of division among the electorate, which in turn can contribute to a self-perpetuating cycle fueling animosity (affective polarization) and actual ideological polarization over time.

Branding, culture, and political ideology: Spanish patriotism as the identity myth of an iconic brand

2020 ◽  
pp. 146954051989997
Author(s):  
Antonio Pineda ◽  
Paloma Sanz-Marcos ◽  
María-Teresa Gordillo-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Iconic Status ◽  
Separatist Movement ◽  
Cultural Branding ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

The cultural aspects of brands, as well as their consideration as symbols in consumer cultures, are relevant elements of contemporary branding. This research relies on cultural branding as a theoretical framework that explains the role of brands as vessels of ideology. Such a role relates to the fact that brands can simultaneously reflect and smooth societal tensions – that is, the mechanics that turn brands into icons according to the theory of “iconic brands.” This article focuses on the Spanish fashion company Piel de Toro (“Bull Skin”) to illustrate the ideological role of brands, as well as the identity myths they convey to meet consumers’ anxieties. To study the way this brand formulated a patriotic identity myth in the context of the Catalonian separatist movement, Piel de Toro’s “Proudly Spanish” 2017 campaign is analyzed by putting together the brand genealogy method and different data sources. Results shed light on the scope and limits of the brand’s iconic status, and indicate the role of commercial brands as political–ideological actors in contemporary Spanish culture.

scholarly journals Of Pandemics, Politics, and Personality: The Role of Conscientiousness and Political Ideology in Sharing of Fake News

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asher Lawson ◽  
Hemant Kakkar
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Political News ◽  
National Importance ◽  
General Desire

Sharing of misinformation can be catastrophic, especially during times of national importance. Typically studied in political contexts, sharing of fake news has been positively linked with conservative political ideology. However, such sweeping generalizations run the risk of increasing already rampant political polarization. We offer a more nuanced account by proposing that the sharing of fake news is largely driven by low conscientiousness conservatives. At high levels of conscientiousness there is no difference between liberals and conservatives. We find support for our hypotheses in the contexts of Covid-19 and political news across 7 studies (six pre-registered; one conceptual replication) with 4,149 participants and 84,556 unique participant-news observations. Furthermore, our findings suggest the inadequacy of fact-checker interventions to deter the spread of fake news, and that a general desire for chaos drives the interactive effect of political ideology and personality on the sharing of fake news. This underscores the challenges associated with tackling fake news, especially during a crisis like Covid-19 where misinformation threatens to exacerbate the pandemic even further.

Physical Androgyny and Categorization Difficulty Shape Political Conservatives’ Attitudes Toward Transgender People

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chadly Stern ◽  
Nicholas O. Rule
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Social Judgments ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
Sex Categorization

Researchers have recently begun to examine how categorization processes impact social evaluations. In two studies, we examined how sex categorization influences attitudes toward transgender individuals. We found that people evaluated transgender individuals more negatively if they possessed physically androgynous (vs. sex-typical) characteristics because they struggled to identify their sex. These relationships were stronger among political conservatives compared to individuals with more liberal political views. These findings provide new insights for research on attitudes toward gender minorities and for the role of political ideology in social judgments.

scholarly journals Retrospective economic judgments predict individual-level changes in vote preference in the US

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 272-289
Author(s):  
Hui Bai ◽  
Christopher M. Federico
Keyword(s):  
Economic Voting ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
The Us ◽  
Vote Preference ◽  
Level Shifts ◽  
Over Time

While many studies have investigated what predicts citizens’ vote preferences, less is known about what predicts change in citizens’ vote preferences over time. This paper focuses on the role of judgments about national economy in the recent past (i.e., “sociotropic economic retrospections”). Two longitudinal studies show that sociotropic economic retrospections (along with partisanship, ideology, and whether incumbent is running for re-election) at a given time point predict within-person changes in vote choice over time. Furthermore, cross-lagged panel analyses found that sociotropic economic retrospections and political preferences may have reciprocal effects on each other. Together, these results illustrate the temporal dimension of economic voting by suggesting that sociotropic economic retrospections not only predict votes at single points in time, but also individual-level shifts in vote preference over time. As such, the association between sociotropic economic retrospections and vote preference is more dynamic than past literature suggests.

Received Wisdom and Beyond: Lessons from Fiscal Consolidation in the EU

2011 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. R1-R18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Larch ◽  
Alessandro Turrini
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Fiscal Consolidation ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

Restoring sustainable public finances in the aftermath of the Great Recession is a key challenge in most EU countries. In order to learn from history, our paper examines consolidation episodes in the EU since 1970. We shed light on the factors that favour the start of a consolidation episode and determine its success. Compared to the existing literature, we add a number of new dimensions in the analysis. First, we explore a broader set of potential ingredients of the ‘recipe for success‘, including the quality and strength of fiscal governance and the implementation of structural reforms. Secondly, we check whether the ‘recipe for success’ changed over time. Our analysis broadly confirms received wisdom concerning the conditions triggering a consolidation episode and the role of the composition of adjustment for success, with some qualifications related to the role played by government wages. In addition it provides evidence that well-designed fiscal governance as well as structural reforms improve the odds of both starting a consolidation episode and achieving a lasting fiscal correction. We also show that, over time, successful and unsuccessful consolidation episodes have become more similar in terms of adjustment composition.

scholarly journals Visualizing the Increasing Effect of Racial Resentment on Political Ideology among Whites, 1986 to 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 237802311880109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Jerome LeCount
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Time Coefficient ◽  
Racial Resentment ◽  
Over Time

The author constructs an over-time coefficient plot to allow visualized evaluation of the role played by indicators of racial resentment on political ideology among Whites since 1986. The visualization makes clear that the role of racial resentment in the formation of political ideology is one that (1) has been a consistently significant factor in U.S. politics for 30 years and (2) was increasing in importance prior to the candidacy of Donald Trump.

Devolution

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
Constitutional Development ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Economic Developments ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Over Time

This chapter attempts to draw out comparisons and make sense of devolution as a UK-wide phenomenon. Devolution has taken a variety of forms at different times in different parts of the UK. A key aim of the chapter is to describe these varieties and explain why no common form of devolution emerged. Devolution may be a form of constitutional development but it has always been linked to wider socio-demographic and economic developments as much as to the sense of collective identities. Some interpretations emphasize the role of national identity in the demands for devolution in Scotland and Wales while others lay more emphasis on differences in political preferences that stimulated demands for self-government. No understanding of the politics of devolution is complete without an appreciation of the roles of identity, the party systems, political and public policy preferences, and how these changed over time.

scholarly journals Left Out: How Political Ideology Affects Support for Migrants in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisha Holland ◽  
Margaret E. Peters ◽  
Yang-Yang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Global North

Do perceived political views of migrants affect their treatment? For existing studies of migrant reception largely conducted in the Global North, the overlap between ethnicity and partisanship has made it difficult to disentangle political fears from other status and identity concerns. We leverage a case in which migrants come from a similar ethno-linguistic background to explore the role of political fears. Drawing on an original face-to-face survey with over 1,000 Colombians and 1,600 Venezuelans in Colombia, we find that Colombians view Venezuelan migrants as left-wing even though actual Venezuelan migrants are more right-wing than their Colombian hosts. These political misperceptions are consequential: we find that Colombians strongly oppose the settlement of left-wing migrants in their communities. Our research implies that societies can construct out-groups along political lines when the ethnic and cultural bases for migrant exclusion are weaker.

scholarly journals Reporting an Unsettled Countryside: The News Media and Rural Protests in Britain

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Woods
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
News Media ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Rural Life ◽  
News Values ◽  
Rural Identity ◽  
The Media ◽  
Over Time

Most analyses of the role of the media in shaping and reproducing popular discourses of rurality have focused on film, television drama and literature. Comparatively little attention has been directed towards the role of the news media in framing perceptions of contemporary rural issues through reportage and commentary. This paper examines the engagement of the news media with a series of rural protests that developed in Britain between 1997 and 2007 around issues such as hunting and farm incomes. The news media had been complicit in maintaining the previous discursive construct of the countryside as a settled and almost apolitical space, but the emergence of major rural protests forced a shift in the representation of rural life. News coverage of rural issues and rural protests increased with the adoption of a new discourse of the “unsettled countryside”. In adjusting to shifting news values, the news media initially bought and reproduced the frames promoted by the major rural campaign group, the Countryside Alliance, including tropes of the “countryside in crisis”, the “countryside comes to town” and the “countryside speaks out for liberty”. Over time, however, a more complex web of representations developed as the perspectives adopted by different media outlets diverged, informed by political ideology. As such, it is argued that the news media played a key role not in only in mediating public reception of rural protests, and thus modulating their political significance, but also in framing the rural protests for participants within the rural community, and as such contributing to the mobilisation of a politicised rural identity and an active rural citizenship.

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