Lactate transporters in the rat barrel cortex sustain whisker-dependent BOLD fMRI signal and behavioral performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (47) ◽  
pp. e2112466118
Author(s):  
Hélène Roumes ◽  
Charlotte Jollé ◽  
Jordy Blanc ◽  
Imad Benkhaled ◽  
Carolina Piletti Chatain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Behavioral Performance ◽  
Bold Response ◽  
Metabolic Cooperation ◽  
Bold Fmri

Lactate is an efficient neuronal energy source, even in presence of glucose. However, the importance of lactate shuttling between astrocytes and neurons for brain activation and function remains to be established. For this purpose, metabolic and hemodynamic responses to sensory stimulation have been measured by functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI after down-regulation of either neuronal MCT2 or astroglial MCT4 in the rat barrel cortex. Results show that the lactate rise in the barrel cortex upon whisker stimulation is abolished when either transporter is down-regulated. Under the same paradigm, the BOLD response is prevented in all MCT2 down-regulated rats, while about half of the MCT4 down-regulated rats exhibited a loss of the BOLD response. Interestingly, MCT4 down-regulated animals showing no BOLD response were rescued by peripheral lactate infusion, while this treatment had no effect on MCT2 down-regulated rats. When animals were tested in a novel object recognition task, MCT2 down-regulated animals were impaired in the textured but not in the visual version of the task. For MCT4 down-regulated animals, while all animal succeeded in the visual task, half of them exhibited a deficit in the textured task, a similar segregation into two groups as observed for BOLD experiments. Our data demonstrate that lactate shuttling between astrocytes and neurons is essential to give rise to both neurometabolic and neurovascular couplings, which form the basis for the detection of brain activation by functional brain imaging techniques. Moreover, our results establish that this metabolic cooperation is required to sustain behavioral performance based on cortical activation.

scholarly journals Neurovascular coupling during optogenetic functional activation: Local and remote stimulus-response characteristics, and uncoupling by spreading depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 808-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Böhm ◽  
David Y Chung ◽  
Carlos A Gómez ◽  
Tao Qin ◽  
Tsubasa Takizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Spreading Depression ◽  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Neurovascular Coupling ◽  
Laser Speckle ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Somatosensory Stimulation ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Electrophysiological Activity

Neurovascular coupling is a fundamental response that links activity to perfusion. Traditional paradigms of neurovascular coupling utilize somatosensory stimulation to activate the primary sensory cortex through subcortical relays. Therefore, examination of neurovascular coupling in disease models can be confounded if the disease process affects these multisynaptic pathways. Optogenetic stimulation is an alternative to directly activate neurons, bypassing the subcortical relays. We employed minimally invasive optogenetic cortical activation through intact skull in Thy1-channelrhodopsin-2 transgenic mice, examined the blood flow changes using laser speckle imaging, and related these to evoked electrophysiological activity. Our data show that optogenetic activation of barrel cortex triggers intensity- and frequency-dependent hyperemia both locally within the barrel cortex (>50% CBF increase), and remotely within the ipsilateral motor cortex (>30% CBF increase). Intriguingly, activation of the barrel cortex causes a small (∼10%) but reproducible hypoperfusion within the contralateral barrel cortex, electrophysiologically linked to transhemispheric inhibition. Cortical spreading depression, known to cause neurovascular uncoupling, diminishes optogenetic hyperemia by more than 50% for up to an hour despite rapid recovery of evoked electrophysiological activity, recapitulating a unique feature of physiological neurovascular coupling. Altogether, these data establish a minimally invasive paradigm to investigate neurovascular coupling for longitudinal characterization of cerebrovascular pathologies.

scholarly journals Longitudinal changes in brain activation during anticipation of monetary loss in bipolar disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (16) ◽  
pp. 2781-2788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Manelis ◽  
Richelle Stiffler ◽  
Jeanette C. Lockovich ◽  
Jorge R. C. Almeida ◽  
Haris A. Aslam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cue Processing

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with bipolar disorder (BD) show aberrant brain activation patterns during reward and loss anticipation. We examined for the first time longitudinal changes in brain activation during win and loss anticipation to identify trait markers of aberrant anticipatory processing in BD.MethodsThirty-four euthymic and depressed individuals with BD-I and 17 healthy controls (HC) were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging twice 6 months apart during a reward task.ResultsHC, but not individuals with BD, showed longitudinal reductions in the right lateral occipital cortex (RLOC) activation during processing of cues predicting possible money loss (p-corrected <0.05). This result was not affected by psychotropic medication, mood state or the changes in depression/mania severity between the two scans in BD. Elevated symptoms of subthreshold hypo/mania at baseline predicted more aberrant longitudinal patterns of RLOC activation explaining 12.5% of variance in individuals with BD.ConclusionsIncreased activation in occipital cortex during negative outcome anticipation may be related to elevated negative emotional arousal during anticipatory cue processing. One interpretation is that, unlike HC, individuals with BD were not able to learn at baseline that monetary losses were smaller than monetary gains and were not able to reduce emotional arousal for negative cues 6 months later. Future research in BD should examine how modulating occipital cortical activation affects learning from experience in individuals with BD.

scholarly journals GABA Levels in Left and Right Sensorimotor Cortex Correlate across Individuals

Biomedicines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolaas Puts ◽  
Stefanie Heba ◽  
Ashley Harris ◽  
Christopher Evans ◽  
David McGonigle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Behavioral Performance ◽  
Gaba Level ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Bulk Tissue

Differences in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels measured with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy have been shown to correlate with behavioral performance over a number of tasks and cortical regions. These correlations appear to be regionally and functionally specific. In this study, we test the hypothesis that GABA levels will be correlated within individuals for functionally related regions—the left and right sensorimotor cortex. In addition, we investigate whether this is driven by bulk tissue composition. GABA measurements using edited MRS data were acquired from the left and right sensorimotor cortex in 24 participants. T1-weighted MR images were also acquired and segmented to determine the tissue composition of the voxel. GABA level is shown to correlate significantly between the left and right regions (r = 0.64, p < 0.03). Tissue composition is highly correlated between sides, but does not explain significant variance in the bilateral correlation. In conclusion, individual differences in GABA level, which have previously been described as functionally and regionally specific, are correlated between homologous sensorimotor regions. This correlation is not driven by bulk differences in voxel tissue composition.

scholarly journals Real-Time Dual-Wavelength Time-Resolved Diffuse Optical Tomography System for Functional Brain Imaging Based on Probe-Hosted Silicon Photomultipliers

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2815
Author(s):  
David Orive-Miguel ◽  
Laura Di Sieno ◽  
Anurag Behera ◽  
Edoardo Ferocino ◽  
Davide Contini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Diffuse Optical Tomography ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Dual Wavelength ◽  
Silicon Photomultipliers ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Tomography System

Near-infrared diffuse optical tomography is a non-invasive photonics-based imaging technology suited to functional brain imaging applications. Recent developments have proved that it is possible to build a compact time-domain diffuse optical tomography system based on silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) detectors. The system presented in this paper was equipped with the same eight SiPM probe-hosted detectors, but was upgraded with six injection fibers to shine the sample at several points. Moreover, an automatic switch was included enabling a complete measurement to be performed in less than one second. Further, the system was provided with a dual-wavelength (670 n m and 820 n m ) light source to quantify the oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin concentration evolution in the tissue. This novel system was challenged against a solid phantom experiment, and two in-vivo tests, namely arm occlusion and motor cortex brain activation. The results show that the tomographic system makes it possible to follow the evolution of brain activation over time with a 1 s -resolution.

Brain activation evidence for response conflict in the exclude recognition task

2010 ◽  
Vol 1329 ◽  
pp. 113-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric H. Schumacher ◽  
Travis L. Seymour ◽  
Hillary Schwarb
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Task ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Response Conflict

scholarly journals The difference in cortical activation pattern for complex motor skills: A functional near- infrared spectroscopy study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hyun Lee ◽  
Sang Hyeon Jin ◽  
Jinung An
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Brain Lateralization ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Abstract The human brain is lateralized to dominant or non-dominant hemispheres, and controlled through large-scale neural networks between correlated cortical regions. Recently, many neuroimaging studies have been conducted to examine the origin of brain lateralization, but this is still unclear. In this study, we examined the differences in brain activation in subjects according to dominant and non-dominant hands while using chopsticks. Fifteen healthy right-handed subjects were recruited to perform tasks which included transferring almonds using stainless steel chopsticks. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to acquire the hemodynamic response over the primary sensory-motor cortex (SM1), premotor area (PMC), supplementary motor area (SMA), and frontal cortex. We measured the concentrations of oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin induced during the use of chopsticks with dominant and non-dominant hands. While using the dominant hand, brain activation was observed on the contralateral side. While using the non-dominant hand, brain activation was observed on the ipsilateral side as well as the contralateral side. These results demonstrate dominance and functional asymmetry of the cerebral hemisphere.

scholarly journals Patterns of brain activation in foster children and nonmaltreated children during an inhibitory control task

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (4pt1) ◽  
pp. 931-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Bruce ◽  
Philip A. Fisher ◽  
Alice M. Graham ◽  
William E. Moore ◽  
Shannon J. Peake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Foster Children ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Behavioral Performance ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Children In Foster Care ◽  
Lingual Gyrus ◽  
The Right

AbstractChildren in foster care have often encountered a range of adverse experiences, including neglectful and/or abusive care and multiple caregiver transitions. Prior research findings suggest that such experiences negatively affect inhibitory control and the underlying neural circuitry. In the current study, event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging was employed during a go/no go task that assesses inhibitory control to compare the behavioral performance and brain activation of foster children and nonmaltreated children. The sample included two groups of 9- to 12-year-old children: 11 maltreated foster children and 11 nonmaltreated children living with their biological parents. There were no significant group differences on behavioral performance on the task. In contrast, patterns of brain activation differed by group. The nonmaltreated children demonstrated stronger activation than did the foster children across several regions, including the right anterior cingulate cortex, the middle frontal gyrus, and the right lingual gyrus, during correct no go trials, whereas the foster children displayed stronger activation than the nonmaltreated children in the left inferior parietal lobule and the right superior occipital cortex, including the lingual gyrus and cuneus, during incorrect no go trials. These results provide preliminary evidence that the early adversity experienced by foster children impacts the neural substrates of inhibitory control.

fMRI Brain Activation in a Finnish Family With Specific Language Impairment Compared With a Normal Control Group

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Hugdahl ◽  
Hilde Gundersen ◽  
Cecilie Brekke ◽  
Tormod Thomsen ◽  
Lars Morten Rimol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Intact Control ◽  
Specific Language

The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in brain activation in a family with SLI as compared to intact individuals with normally developed language during processing of language stimuli. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to monitor changes in neuronal activation in temporal and frontal lobe areas in 5 Finnish family members with specific language impairment (SLI) and 6 individuals in an intact control group. Magnetic resonance (MR) image acquisitions were made while the participants listened to series of isolated vowel sounds, pseudowords, and real words. The stimuli were digitized single Finnish vowel sounds, 3-phoneme pseudowords, and 3- and 4-phoneme real words. MR scanning was made with a 1.5 T Siemens Vision Plus scanner, and the auditory stimuli were presented according to an event-related fMRI design. The results showed significant differences between the family with SLI and the intact control group with regard to brain activation in areas in the temporal and frontal lobes. Temporal lobe activation differences were most pronounced in the middle temporal gyrus bordering the superior temporal sulcus. The control participants also activated an area in the inferior frontal lobe in BA 44. It is concluded that individuals with SLI showed reduced activation in brain areas that are critical for speech processing and phonological awareness. The present functional brain imaging data fit well with other recent imaging data that also showed structural abnormalities in the same and neighboring areas.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document