scholarly journals On the pace of syntactic elaboration from Latin calques

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 82-107
Author(s):  
Bert Cornillie
Keyword(s):  
Golden Age ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century

Abstract This paper addresses the auxiliation/grammaticalization of amenazar (Spanish), dreigen (Dutch), threaten (English), against the background of the competition between the vernacular languages and Latin. It shows that the subjective reading of ‘threaten’, expressing a prediction on the basis of some kind of evidence, is a Latin calque, and that the syntactic creativity or syntactic elaboration starts from this calque. In the three cases, ‘threaten’ is combined with the semantics of ‘fall’, which indicates the roofing role of Latin. The paper shows that the pace of the constructional change from ‘threaten’ + np to ‘threaten’ + inf is different from one language to another. Spanish amenazar grammaticalizes into an auxiliary during the Renaissance of the 15th and 16th century. In the case of Dutch, by contrast, only in the Golden Age of the 17th century do writers start to use dreigen ‘threaten’ as an auxiliary. Finally, English develops the auxiliary one century later than the Dutch one. The chronological differences are explained on the basis of the cultural and linguistic elaborations typical of Golden centuries, which vary from one nation to another.

From Research on the Literary Hermeneutics

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-84
Author(s):  
Anatoly S. Demin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
Russian State ◽  
State Library ◽  
The Aesthetic

The research consists of the series of articles analyzing the pre- viously unexplored expressiveness, figurativeness, fantasy and sarcasticity of a number of Old Russian works. The first article reveals the expressiveness of the “Turkic” utterances of Afanasy Nikitin in The Journey Beyond Three Seas according to the list of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (RSAAA), f. 181, no. 371 of the first quarter of the 16th century. The second article characterizes the distorted, fantastic earthly worlds depicted in the Tale of the Twelve Dreams of King Shahaisha according to the list of the Russian National Library (RNL), Kir.-Beloz., no. 22/1099 of the 1470s; in the Conversation of Three Saints according to the list of the Russian State Library (RSL), Troitsk., no. 778 of the beginning of the 16th century; in the collection of proverbs and sayings according to the list of the RSAAA, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moscow Main Archive (MMA), no. 250–455 of the late 17th century; in The Tale of Ersh Ershovich according to the list of Pushkin House, 1.27.105 of the late 17th — early 18th centuries; in the Bird Council according to the list of the RNL, 0.XVII.17 the mid-18th century; in the Medicine Book. How to Treat Foreigners according to the list of the RNL, Q.XVII.96, Peter’s time; in the Legend of a Luxurious Life and Fun according to the list of the RNL, 0.XVII.57 of the first quarter of the 18th cen- tury. The third article examines the aesthetic role of verses in the collections of the late 17th century: RSL, Tikhonravov, no. 233, 249, 380, 411, 499. The fourth article shows that some compilers of collections of the 17th century appreciated the visual arts of works, mostly very old (оn the example of collections of the RSL, Tikhonravov, no. 460, 384, 18, 340, 231). In two Appendices to the article are published the descriptions of the composition of the collection no. 231 and the text of the parable about the dispute of parts of the human body. In two Ap- pendices to the article, it is said about the everyday depiction of the collection of proverbs and sayings according to the list of the RSAAA, MMA, no. 250–455 of the late 17th century and on the expressiveness of articles in the miniature collection of the RSL, Bolshakov, no. 325. The fifth article points to the mocking meaning of proverbs and sayings about criminals in the same collection of the RSAAA, MMA, no. 250–455. Finally, the sixth article draws attention to the evolution of the literary work of Archpriest Avvakum from brief mentions of events to detailed stories about them (оn the material of Vita, petitions, Book of Interpretations, Book of Accusations, Write-off about the creation of man, The Lamentable Word about the death of noblewoman F. Morozova). We must warn you that the pictorial and expressive meaning of the examples and phrases quot- ed from the texts of the monuments is not thoroughly proved in this work, but is only stated. Otherwise, each example would require an independent essay on certain literary means, and the theme and composition of the work would be completely different.

scholarly journals Salik Buta: Aliran Tasawuf Aceh Abad XX

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-198
Author(s):  
Misri A Muchsin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
16Th Century

This article examines the Sufi movement in Aceh by looking at its continuity since the 16th -17th century, as its golden age, to the 20th century. Based on the fact that Abdullah Ujong Rimba's explanation is considered representative, his books are taken as primary sources while others are secondary. Based on Abdullah Ujong Rimba's explanation, Salik Buta is a sect of Sufism in Aceh in the 20th century. This sect is practiced in several of center in Aceh. Historically, the doctrine of this sects is continuation and modification of Wahḍat al-Wujūd's  doctrines established since 16th century. The doctrine of Salik Buta are different from those of popular Sufism. Thus, Salik Buta is considered heterodox and criticized by ulama, as Abdullah Ujong Rimba. From Abdullah Ujong RImba's criticism, it can be conclude that his thought based on syari'at or Fiqih orientation, instead of the perspective of Sufism.

scholarly journals Rethinking the “Golden Age”: Jewish-Christian Relations in Pre-Modern Poland

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Teter
Keyword(s):  
Golden Age ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Archival Documents

This paper addresses the question of the “golden age” present in Polish and Jewish historiographies.  It demonstrates that though the idea of the “golden age” was embraced by both Polish Christian and Jewish historians, they never applied it to Jewish-Christian relations.  This paper looks at the myths of the golden age and the age of decline in both historiographies by juxtaposing them with archival documents that complicate both the idea of the “zenith” or “golden age” of the 16th century and that of the decline and crisis of the 17th century.

scholarly journals ROLE OF HAJDUKS AND COSSACKS IN THE 16TH AND 17TH CENTURY HUNGARIAN AND UKRAINIAN SOCIETY

2018 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
B. Varga
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Social Category ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Ukrainian Society

The intent of the research is to determine viewpoints for the comparative analysis of the Hungarian Hajduks and the Ukrainian Cossacks. During the period spanning from the end of the 15th century up to the 1570’s, Cossacks, similarly to Hajduks, began to take shape as a new social phenomenon, yet legally they still did not exist. Registered Cossacks and royal Hajduks as such were legally recognised, thus they gained a distinguished position in contemporary society despite the fact that hard as they tried, the title of nobility was yet unavailable to them. After comparing the position of Ukrainian Cossacks and Hungarian Hajduks in society, it can be stated that they constituted an “intermediate” social category between nobility and villeins, and they became a mass phenomenon in society only at the end of the 16th century.

scholarly journals Junior servants in the system of monastic administration at the beginning of the 17th century (on the example of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Sergeevna Tseluykina
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Management Structure ◽  
Continue Research ◽  
Financial Losses ◽  
Classification Structure

The paper determines the place of junior servants in the system of monastic administration at the beginning of the 17th century on the example of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery. At the beginning of the 17th century the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery suffered significant financial losses in connection with wartime conditions. At the same time, such a large patrimony had a need for a branched multistage management apparatus. The monastic servants carried out economic activities. The question of the system of monastic administration of the 16th-17th centuries actively researched by scientists on the example of specific monasteries. As part of the study of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery, this problem was raised by historians on the basis of economic books of the 16th century. However, economic books of the beginning of the 17th century have also survived, which had not been studied earlier in this aspect, which made it possible to continue research in this area and expand the scientific understanding of the composition and role of monastic servants in the management structure of a large monastic patrimony. The sources for this work were two servage books of the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery, which are part of the economic books for the years of 7115 (1606/07) and 7116 (1607/08). To determine the place of monastic servants in the system of economic management, the classifications compiled by M.N. Tikhomirov, V.A. Petrov, S.I. Smetanina for the 16th century were considered and compared with the classifications by occupation and by territorial feature presented in the servage books of the early 17th century. This allowed us to conclude about the complexity of monastic servants classification structure at the beginning of the 17th century in comparison with the 16th century. A count was made of the number of monastic servants and the amounts spent on their maintenance to find out their composition. An attempt has been made to clarify the existing classifications of monastic servants for the beginning of the 17th century, while drawing attention to the merging of the system of senior and junior servants with an ordered control system. As a result of the study, it was concluded that a significant number of junior monastic servants (about 300) of various categories lived on the territory of the monastery, but their maintenance did not cause serious damage to the monastic treasury and was economically justified.

scholarly journals A Life in Service of his Homeland – the Diplomatic Role and Activity of János Rimay

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (26) ◽  
pp. 3-28
Author(s):  
Gellért Ernő Marton
Keyword(s):  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Great Poet

The goal of this paper is to summarise the diplomatic and political role of poet and intellectual, János Rimay of Alsósztregova and Rima. Rimay is well-known as the pupil and friend of the great Hungarian poet, Bálint Balassi, and also as a great poet and a representative of stoicism, as well as as a diplomat and statesman who became important in the regional diplomacy in the last decades of the 16th century and the first decades of the 17th century.

Rīgā 17. gadsimtā sacerētās latīņu kāzu dzejas komponentes

2020 ◽  
pp. 212-226
Author(s):  
Anna Strode
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Protestant Reformation ◽  
Latin Poetry ◽  
Julius Caesar ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Occasional Poetry ◽  
Pseudo Dionysius

Soon after the Protestant Reformation took place in Livonia in the 16th century, the currents of European humanism came to Livonia. As a result of the historical and religious impact, the level of education increased, enabling an environment for the development of the literature. Soon various Latin poetry texts int. al. 17th-century occasional poetry written by the humanists of Riga started to appear. The aim of the article is to bring to light the components of nuptial (epithalamium, ὑμέναιος/hymenaeus, carmen nuptialis, etc.) poetry written in Riga in the 17th century, as well as by exploring the specific features of occasional poetry to capture readers’ and researchers’ interest in the previously undiscovered cultural heritage. At the beginning of the article, the tradition of nuptial poetry is explained. Then, by examining the basic principles one must take into account in composing occasional poetry based on works of the ancient rhetors – Menander (Μένανδρος Ῥήτωρ, c. 3rd century), pseudo-Dionysius (pseudo-Dionysius/Διονύσιος), Himerius (Ἱμέριος, c. 315–c. 386) and the book “Seven Books on Poetry” (Poetices libri septem, 1561) written by Italian humanist Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484–1558) – a table of the most used topics in nuptial poetry is formed. Afterwards, the poetry written in Riga and its most typical components (didactics, laudation, inducement, foresight, wishes/congratulations and prayers) is compared to the topics offered by previously mentioned theoreticians. Fragments of Latin nuptial poetry written in Riga are included to portray the components of poetry more clearly. All translations of poetry included in the article are made by the author of the article.

Pre-Rehearsal Questions of Performance Tradition and Play-Selection

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Jeffs
Keyword(s):  
Golden Age ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish Golden Age ◽  
Royal Shakespeare Company ◽  
The Public ◽  
Performance Tradition ◽  
Performance Traditions ◽  
Public Consciousness

This chapter asks the questions: ‘what is the Spanish Golden Age and why should we stage its plays now?’ The Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) Spanish season of 2004–5 came at a particularly ripe time for Golden Age plays to enter the public consciousness. This chapter introduces the Golden Age period and authors whose works were chosen for the season, and the performance traditions from the corrales of Spain to festivals in the United States. The chapter then treats the decision taken by the RSC to initiate a Golden Age season, delves into the play-selection process, and discusses the role of the literal translator in this first step towards a season. Then the chapter looks at ‘the ones that got away’, the plays that almost made the cut for production, and other worthy scripts from this period that deserve consideration for future productions.

Rekonstruktion des Ursprungs und Neudatierung zweier magischer Gemmen mit Hilfe einer Zauberzeichensequenz

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Kirsten Dzwiza
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
New Findings ◽  
State Museum ◽  
Museum Of Fine Arts ◽  
First Time

SummaryThere are only a few sequences of ancient magic signs known to us today that have been preserved on multiple artefacts. A previously unnoticed sequence of 17 signs on a gem in the Museum of Fine Arts in Vienna occurs with minor but significant variations on two other gems in the State Museum of Egyptian Art in Munich. The Viennese gem is dated to the 16th century and is documented as a drawing in a 17th century publication. The first Munich gem has been assigned to the Graeco-Roman period. The second gem, which, according to the inventory card of the museum, also belongs to the Graeco-Roman period, is published here for the first time. A comparative study of the three gems and the drawing has lead to a number of new findings, including the re-dating of the Munich gems.

Origine et diffusion des expressions romanes du type jaune paille

2021 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-27
Author(s):  
Sara Matrisciano ◽  
Franz Rainer
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
Colour Term ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
And Diffusion

All major Romance languages have patterns of the type jaune paille for expressing shades of colour represented by some prototypical object. The first constituent of this pattern is a colour term, while the second one designates a prototypical representative of the colour shade. The present paper starts with a short discussion of the controversial grammatical status of this pattern and its constituents. Its main aim, however, concerns the origin and diffusion of this pattern. We have not found hard and fast evidence that Medieval Italian pigment compounds of the type verderame influenced the rise of the jaune paille pattern, which first appears in French in the 16th century. This pattern continued to be a minority solution during the 17th century, but established itself during the 18th century. In the 19th century, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese adopted the pattern jaune paille, while it did not reach Catalan and Romanian before the 20th century.

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