“Clandestino”

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Quassoli
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Basic Strategy ◽  
Centre Of Gravity ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
And Control ◽  
Immigration Management

Over the last twenty years, the management of a series of complex questions raised by the growing presence of foreign immigrants in Italy has been carried out via the “invention” of specific social problems and their accompanying discourse categories. From its first appearance the term “clandestino” (or irregular immigrant) has assumed a dual significance as a concept widely adopted in public discourse and as the pillar of an ideology that comprises a very specific set of political positions regarding the management of immigration. Moreover, to the extent that the clandestino was interpreted as a threat or problem to be eliminated or solved, it very rapidly became a discursive and practical focal point for the institutions that play a crucial role in immigration management and control. Drawing on my research from late 1990s on immigration policies and control in Italy, I show how and to what extent some institutional everyday activities of the police have been reshaped by discourses and practice that focus on dealing with irregular immigrants. This reorganization contributed to generating a complex web of knowledge, discourses and practices that produced the essential vocabulary and the hegemonic frameworks for public debates about immigration in Italy. It also makes the need and urgency to cope with irregular immigration both a political centre of gravity and a basic strategy to reproduce social order.

Hassan al-Turabi’s Religious Discourse on Faith, Renewal, and Ijtihād

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Gubara Said Hassan ◽  
Jabal M. Buaben
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Legal Reasoning ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
Religious Movement ◽  
Political Leader ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
Religious Symbolism

The role of Islamic intellectuals is not confined to elaborating on the religious ideology of Islam. Equally important is their role in setting this religious ideology against other ideologies, sharpening and clarifying their differences, and thereby developing and intensifying one’s commitment to Islam as a distinct, divinely based ideology. Islam, as both a religion and an ideology, simultaneously mobilizes and transforms, legitimizes and preserves. It can be an instrument of power, a source and a guarantee of its legitimacy, as well as a tool to be used in the political struggle among social classes. Islam can also present a challenge to authority whenever the religious movement questions the existing social order during times of crisis and raises a rival power, as the current situation in Sudan vividly demonstrates. Throughout his political career, Hassan al-Turabi has resorted to religious symbolism in his public discourse and/or Islamic rhetoric, which could often be inflammatory and heavily reliant upon the Qur’an. This is, in fact, the embodiment of the Islamic quest for an ideal alternative. Our paper focuses on this charismatic and pragmatic religio-political leader of Sudan and the key concepts of his religious discourse: faith (īmān), renewal (tajdīd), and ijtihād(rational, independent, and legal reasoning).

Perceived Social Mobility and Political Trust in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Su ◽  
Yang Cao ◽  
Jingkai He ◽  
Waibin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Control

Existing studies have traced China’s high political trust to three sources: traditional culture, the state’s success in fostering economic growth, and ideological propaganda. We identify a fourth source: perceived social mobility. We argue that when people perceive a reasonable chance for upward mobility based on personal initiatives and efforts, the status quo becomes more justifiable because individuals are responsible for their own successes and failures. Perceived social mobility thus instills a sense of optimism and fairness and exonerates the regime from many blames, thereby enhancing political trust. Regression analysis of the China portion of the 2007 World Values Survey data shows that respondents who saw themselves as having choices and control in life were indeed more likely to trust the ruling communist party. The respondents’ overall level of perceived social mobility is also high, which is consistent with the massive shake-up of the preexisting social order in China’s reform era.

Product-Quality Based Scheduling of Automated Food Processing

2014 ◽  
Vol 1018 ◽  
pp. 563-570
Author(s):  
Marcel Wagner ◽  
Tim Schleimer ◽  
Tobias Seeberger ◽  
Gunther Reinhart
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Production Planning ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Classical Field ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Production Planning And Control ◽  
Optimization Criteria ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
And Control

Production Planning and Control (PPC) does not only play an important role in the classical field of production. Concerning a trend to more customer related products and a so called buyers market, also the not yet strongly automated businesses have to think about topics like PPC. By forming a new automated shop floor in a commercial kitchen for example, new optimization criteria in the PPC play a crucial role. Especially in the manner of scheduling jobs different constraints concerning the handled products come up. This paper demonstrates a possibility to extend the criteria of PPC with the subjective parameter of product quality. This approach allows influencing an oven-control to reach the best product quality in its processing.

Le Bon’s crowd psychology and post-truth

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Dusko Prelevic
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Crowd Psychology ◽  
Philosophical Community

The phenomenon of post-truth, in which truth (or facts or the best scientific evidence) is brushed aside in public debates, has recently caught the eye of many philosophers, who typically see it as a threat to deliberative democracy. In this paper, it is argued that Gustave Le Bon?s remarks on crowd psychology, which had been very popular in past (and brushed aside later on), might be relevant for a better understanding of psychological mechanisms that lead to post-truth. According to Le Bon, crowds are often irrational, whereas those who try to convince them to do something should use specific techniques of persuasion, such as affirmation, repetition, contagion and prestige, of which the last one can be undermined either by fiasco (the fastest way), or by critique (a bit slower, but nonetheless effective way). It is the age of posttruth that goes towards the neutralization of any critique (Le Bon himself considered such neutralization devastating for democratic societies), which has been, according to some authors, affected to a great extent by technological innovations in media, such as social media that some authors consider anti-social due to their negative impact on society. I argue that Le Bon?s insights might be useful to members of scientific and philosophical community in their attempts to eliminate the spreading of quasi-scientific views in public discourse.

scholarly journals Vibration Analysis and Control of a Vibration Screed System for Asphalt Pavers

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-372
Author(s):  
Vanliem Nguyen ◽  
Zhenpeng Wu ◽  
Beiping Zhang ◽  
Zhang Jian Run
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Dynamic Parameters ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic Model ◽  
Compression Efficiency ◽  
Centre Of Gravity ◽  
And Control

To reduce shaking of a vibration screed system (VSS) and improve the paving performance of an asphalt paver (AP), the root-mean-square (RMS) acceleration responses at points on the front and rear screed floors are analyzed via an experimental method. A 3D nonlinear dynamic model of the VSS is also built to evaluate the influence of the dynamic parameters of the VSS on the compression efficiency, paving quality, and working stability of the AP based on the objective functions of the vertical, pitching, and rolling RMS values at the centre of gravity of the screed. The angular deviations, $alpha$ and $gamma$, of the tamper are then controlled to improve the paving performance. The research results show that the excitation frequency, $f_{t}$, and both angular deviations, $alpha$ and $gamma$, of the tamper strongly affect the paving performance. The compression efficiency is quickly enhanced, while both paving quality and working stability are significantly reduced with increasing the excitation frequency $f_{t}$ and reducing the angular deviations. $alpha$ and $gamma$. and vice versa. Additionally, the screed shaking and paving performance of the AP are remarkably improved by control of the angular deviations, $alpha$ and $gamma$, under different working conditions.

scholarly journals The Evolution Model of Public Risk Perception Based on Pandemic Spreading Theory under Perspective of COVID-19

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yi-Cheng Zhang ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Guo-Bing Zhou ◽  
Nai-Ru Xu ◽  
Jia-Bao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Public Risk ◽  
And Control

After the occurrence of public health emergencies, due to the uncertainty of the evolution of events and the asymmetry of pandemic information, the public’s risk perception will fluctuate dramatically. Excessive risk perception often causes the public to overreact to emergencies, resulting in irrational behaviors, which have a negative impact on economic development and social order. However, low-risk perception will reduce individual awareness of prevention and control, which is not conducive to the implementation of government pandemic prevention and control measures. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately evaluate public risk perception for improving government risk management. This paper took the evolution of public risk perception based on the COVID-19 region as the research object. First, we analyze the characteristics of infectious diseases in the evolution of public risk perception of public health emergencies. Second, we analyze the characteristics of risk perception transmission in social networks. Third, we establish the dynamic model of public risk perception evolution based on SEIR, and the evolution mechanism of the public risk perception network is revealed through simulation experiments. Finally, we provide policy suggestions for government departments to deal with public health emergencies based on the conclusions of this study.

scholarly journals En opplyst samtale: Om rettsvitenskapens oppgaver i kriminalpolitikken

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Holmboe
Keyword(s):  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Political Decisions

English title: Title in English: An enlightened public discourse: On the tasks of legal research regarding criminal politicsWhat are the primary tasks of legal research regarding the politics of crime? Political decisions on crime are decided and executed by politicians, the courts and administrators. Researchers should not avoid politically hot issues, but must take care not to let their political sympathies influence their statements when they give opinions qua legal experts. Academic freedom implies a duty for researchers to take part in enlightened public debates.

scholarly journals Dom jako miejsce emocjonalne

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-208
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kubacka
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Emotional Dimension ◽  
The Social ◽  
Emotional Work ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
And Control

The aim of this article is to show the home as an emotional place. The sphere of social conditions, which has been neglected until recently, can help explain emotion as a social construct. Many researchers have pointed to the emotional dimension of the experience of the home and living practices. A home is a complex place, a conglomerate of three aspects: material, symbolic, and relational. The experience of domesticity can be considered to have multiple aspects and to be variable. Taking emotions into account enables a fuller understanding of the duality of household practices, in connection with both their “function” and their role in creating, recreating, and changing the rules of the social order. In this sense, a home is located between the private and public sphere, emotional authenticity and emotional work, freedom and control, socialization and de-socialization, everyday life and celebration.

The Legal Construction of the Notion of Anti-White Racism in France

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-155
Author(s):  
Mathias Möschel
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
White Racism ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
Critical Whiteness ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Legal Construction

This article focuses on the legal construction of the notion of anti-White racism in France. By analyzing cases litigated under criminal law, it describes how a right-wing NGO has been promoting this notion via a litigation strategy since the late 1980s, initially with only limited success. Public debates in mainstream media in the 2000s and intervention by more traditional antiracist NGOs in courts have since contributed to a creeping acceptance of anti-White racism both within courtrooms and in broader public discourse. This increased recognition of anti-White racism is highly problematic from a critical race and critical Whiteness perspective.

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