Un análisis cognitivo-funcional de la concordancia verbal con construcciones (pseudo)partitivas del tipo [N1 + de + N2]

Revue Romane ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien Verveckken ◽  
Bert Cornillie
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Alternative Account ◽  
Indefinite Article ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Verbal Agreement ◽  
Linguistic Account

In this paper we present a corpus-based, cognitive-linguistic account of the singular/plural agreement alternation with binominal constructions belonging to the [N1singular + de + N2plural]-type. From a syntagmatic point of view, plural agreement reflects a shift from N1 as the head of the Noun Phrase towards N1 being a quantifier to N2. This view is in line with grammaticalization theory and holds for many examples, yet there are important counterexamples where we find a singular verb despite N1 being used as a quantifier. The Hispanic linguistic literature mentions several factors that would favor plural agreement with N2 such as an indefinite article, the distance between the verb and the subject, the position of the subject and pseudopartitive rather than partitive use. The corpus analysis will show that these factors are not conclusive. Our alternative account has recourse to the concept of lexical persistence and shows to what extent the quantifier use of N1 retains semantic features associated with the head use of N1. We argue that verbal agreement phenomena can be motivated by the interaction between lexical persistence and the morpho-syntactic and semantic criteria listed in literature. Lexical persistence is thus not a side effect of the grammaticalization process, but a crucial dimension of binominal constructions in that it allows us to explain quantifier uses of N1 with a singular verb.

Children’s and adults’ eye movements and the extraction of number information from redundant markings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Maximiliano Gomez ◽  
Carolina Holtheuer ◽  
Karen Miller ◽  
Cristina Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Subject Noun ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Chilean Spanish ◽  
Require Information

We present an eye tracking study comparing 3.5- to 7.5-year-old children and adults’ use of number information on the verb and/or the determiner of the subject noun phrase in Chilean Spanish, a dialect of Spanish with variable realization of plural morphology in the noun phrase (due to phonological weakening) and categorical realization of number on the verb. Our results suggest that, while adults can determine whether the subject refers to a plurality or a singleton set based on the morphology of the verb alone, even 5- to 7-year-old children do not and, instead, require information from the noun phrase determiner to make a decision. Children younger than 5 years cannot use number on the verb and on the determiner to make a decision, which supports Miller and Schmitt’s (2010, 2012) hypothesis that number morphology is not always mapped into syntactic and semantic features by younger children in varieties of Spanish where number is subject to variation.

scholarly journals COMPOUND VERBS IN THE OSSETIAN AND PERSIAN LANGUAGES

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
А.Ф. КУДЗОЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Current State ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Language Area ◽  
Complex Verbs

Предметом настоящего исследования являются сложные глаголы осетинского и персидского языков в сравнительно-сопоставительном плане. Актуальность работы обусловлена несколькими факторами. Во-первых, это все возрастающий интерес отечественных и иранских лингвистов к современному состоянию двух языков разных ветвей иранской группы (осетинский язык является одним из двух живых представителей северо-восточной ветви, а персидский – относится к юго-западной подгруппе), один из которых в течение весьма длительного времени оторван от иранского мира, другой же в современном виде сложился в иранском языковом ареале; во-вторых, результаты сопоставления позволят по-новому подойти к некоторым нерешенным вопросам глагольных систем осетинского и персидского языков; в-третьих, выявление универсальных и уникальных характеристик осетинского и персидского глаголов актуально как для лингвистики данных языков, так и для методики их преподавания. В работе рассматриваются критерии выделения сложных глаголов в осетинском и персидском языках, их общие и уникальные структурно-семантические признаки. Детальному анализу подлежат именные компоненты сложных глаголов осетинского и персидского языков с точки зрения их морфологии, делается попытка уточнить границы осетинских сложных глаголов. В результате проведенного анализа автор пришел к выводу о том, что в осетинском языке именная компонента сложного глагола представлена большим числом частей речи, чем в персидском, хотя в большинстве случаев аналогичные значения выражены одинаковыми по составу конструкциями. В заключении намечаются вопросы, требующие дальнейшего и более тщательного рассмотрения. The subject of this research is complex verbs of the Ossetian and Persian languages in the comparative aspect. The relevance of the work is due to several factors. Firstly, it is the growing interest of domestic and Iranian linguists in the current state of the two languages of different branches of the Iranian group (Ossetian is one of the two living representatives of the northeastern branch, while Persian belongs to the southwestern subgroup), one of which has been for a long time divorced from the Iranian world, while another in its modern form has developed in the Iranian language area; secondly, the results of the comparison will allow to approach some unresolved issues of the verb systems of the Ossetian and Persian languages in a new way; thirdly, the identification of the universal and unique characteristics of the Ossetian and Persian verbs is relevant both for the linguistics of these languages and for the methods of teaching them. The work examines the criteria for identifying complex verbs in the Ossetian and Persian languages, their common and unique structural and semantic features; the nominal components of complex verbs of the Ossetian and Persian languages are the subject of a detailed analysis from the point of view of their morphology, an attempt to clarify the boundaries of the Ossetian complex verbs is also made. As a result of the analysis, it is concluded that in the Ossetian language the nominal component of a complex verb is represented by a larger number of parts of speech than in Persian, although in most cases similar meanings are expressed by structures of the same composition. In the conclusion, issues that require further and more careful consideration are outlined.

scholarly journals A syntactic and Semantic Analysis of the Tὲὲ Verb Phrase

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Gbene-Nnah, Dumdebabari
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Verb Phrase ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Rivers State

This study descriptively analyses the syntactic and semantic features of the Tὲὲ verb phrase. It also analyses the structure of the verb phrase in Tὲὲ, a language spoken in Tai Local Government Area of Rivers State.  The verb phrase is a syntactic unit composed of at least one verb and its dependents and other modifiers but not always including the subject. The verb is central in every language coupled with the fact that it is the most important and widely described phrase because the structure of and the meanings expressed in many languages revolves around the verb word. The research focuses to explore the peculiarities of the verb phrase in the language focusing basically on the structure of the verb phrase and the meaning generated thereof. It focuses on the features of the verb phrase in Tὲὲ; the constituent that make it up, their arrangement as well as the meaning attributed by such arrangements. The primary data for this work were collected using the intuitive knowledge of the researcher as a native speaker verified with unstructured interview with competent native speakers.  From the analysis of the data collected, the researcher discovered that the verb phrase in Tὲὲ can have various configurations. The constituents that may combine with the head of a verb phrase to project it into a larger structure are the complements and the adjuncts. The complement of the verb phrase can be the noun phrase, the prepositional phrase and the inherent complement. The adverbial functions both as complement and adjunct in the language.

scholarly journals Internal monologue as a narrative manner of A. Schnitzler’s novella “Lieutenant Gustl”

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Oksana Brodska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Narrative Perspective ◽  
Tragic Event ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

In the article the main attention is focused on A. Schnitzler’s novella “Lieutenant Gustl”, which is analyzed from the point of view of the internal monologue used in it. The analysis is carried out, on the one hand, by theoretical consideration of the work and, on the other hand, we show the influences and references that led to the development of this method of narration. Modern literary theoretical approaches and models are presented, interdisciplinary currents of the spirit of the time, such as psychoanalysis are shown and how they are mutually conditioned. It has been found out that the work is based on the manner of narration – an internal monologue, which is reflected with the help of lexical and syntactical means of expression. At the same time, A. Schnitzler comes to the organization of literary-figurative material of the work in a special way. This is manifested, firstly, in the development of the writer’s methods and techniques of self-analysis; thanks to this, he highlighted the experience of a tragic event that happened in the life of an officer; secondly, in expanding functional possibilities of the depicting plan. The novella “Lieutenant Gustl” presents such a narrative perspective as inner focus (sympathy). The narrator corresponds to the character and can control his speech through grammatical and rhetorical means. This is, so to say, personal narrative behavior focused on one figure (autonomous internal monologue). The internal monologue is characterized by grammatical, narrative and psychologically-semantic features, which is a kind of scientific experiment, which the novelist embodies by means of literature, making it unrecognizable. At the same time, he makes a contribution to the subject-object problematics of modern thinking and criticizes the loss of life practice due to the one-sided predominance of theory. Schnitzler was one of the first writers in the German-language literature who purposefully used the form of an internal monologue. A striking example is the novella “Lieutenant Gustl”, the narration of which is told entirely from the inner perspective of the main character. His thoughts are formulated as improper-direct speech, the author refuses from quotation marks, uses the narrative perspective of inner focus: he knows the inner world of Gustl and allows the reader to participate in it. It completely goes to the background, that is why the whole text consists only of the language of the character. Therefore, the use of an internal monologue with a continuous fixation of Gustl’s thoughts is aimed at open reproduction of his feelings, and thus, the reader has the illusion of being able to directly penetrate into the world of the protagonist’s thoughts.

A Modified Chair Geometry for Whole Body Counting

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 246-247
Author(s):  
S. C. Jain ◽  
G. C. Bhola ◽  
A. Nagaratnam ◽  
M. M. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Spatial Response ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Whole Body Counting ◽  
The Buddha

SummaryIn the Marinelli chair, a geometry widely used in whole body counting, the lower part of the leg is seen quite inefficiently by the detector. The present paper describes an attempt to modify the standard chair geometry to minimise this limitation. The subject sits crossed-legged in the “Buddha Posture” in the standard chair. Studies with humanoid phantoms and a volunteer sitting in the Buddha posture show that this modification brings marked improvement over the Marinelli chair both from the point of view of sensitivity and uniformity of spatial response.

A Code Mixing Analysis of Javanese Community at Karang Anyar

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Merina Devira
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Verb Phrase ◽  
Code Mixing ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Syntactic Pattern ◽  
The Subject

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan tentang faktor-faktor yangmempengaruhi penggunaan code mixing pada komunitas suku Jawa di desa Karang Anyar,Langsa, serta untuk menjelaskan pola sintaks yang terbentuk pada percakapan code mixingtersebut melalui diagaram pohon. Untuk mengumpulkan data, penelitian ini menggunakantiga metode: observasi, rekaman, dan wawancara. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 15 orangbersuku Jawa yang berumur 20-60 tahun. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah rekaman wawancarapara subjek dan rekaman percakapan para subjek yang terdapat tuturan code mixing. Hasildari penelitian ini menunjukkan tentang faktor yang mempengaruhi code mixing di desatersebut dan pola sintaks pada percakapan komunitas Jawa yang mengandung code mixingdalam hal penggunaan fase kata kerja, kata benda, kata bantu, dan kata seru.Kata kunci: code mixing, analisis, komunitas suku Jawa, pola sintaksABSTRACTThe aims of this research are to describe the factors influencing the use of code mixingin the Javanese community at Karang Anyar Village, Langsa, then to describe the syntacticpatterns in the code mixing of conversations uttered in that community by using a treediagram. To collect data, this study used three methods: observation, recording, and interviewmethod. The subjects of this study are 15 people of Javanese community aged 20-60 yearsold. The data in this research are the subject interview recordings and the subjects speechJavanese community at Karang Anyar Village Langsa in which code mixing are found. Theresult of this study showed two findings about the factors influencing the use of code mixing inthe Javanese community and the syntactic pattern in the conversation of Javanese communityin terms of the use of verb phrase (VP), noun phrase (NP), auxiliary, and interjection.Keywords: A Code Mixing, Analysis, Javanese Community, Syntactic Pattern

Sophie Laws, with Caroline Harper and Rachel Marcus. Research for Development: A Practical Guide. New Delhi: Vistaar Publications. 2003. xiii+475 pages. Paperback. Indian Rupees 450.00.

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-172
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Policy Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Is Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Development Workers

To implement any successful policy, research about the subject-matter is essential. Lack of knowledge would result in failure and, from an economic point of view, it would lead to a waste of scarce resources. The book under review is essentially a manual which highlights the use of research for development. The book is divided into two parts. Part One informs the reader about concepts and some theory, and Part Two deals with the issue of undertaking research for development. Both parts have 11 chapters each. Chapter 1 asks the basic question: Is research important in development work? The answer is that it is. Research has many dimensions: from the basic asking of questions to the more sophisticated broad-based analysis of policy issues. The chapter, in short, stresses the usefulness of research which development workers ignore at their own peril.

Effectiveness of Flood Protection Project Valuation Methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-289
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Liziński ◽  
Marcin Bukowski ◽  
Anna Wróblewska
Keyword(s):  
Essential Element ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Project Valuation ◽  
The Subject

Projects for flood protection are increasingly the subject of investment projects in the field of water management. This is related to the increasing frequency of worldwide threats caused by extreme weather conditions, including extremely high rainfall causing floods. Technical and nontechnical flood protection measures are also increasing in importance. In the decision-making process, it is necessary to take into account both the costs and benefits of avoiding losses, including an analysis of social benefits, whose valuation of non-market goods is an essential element. A comprehensive account of projects in the field of flood protection based on the estimated costs and benefits of the investment allows the economic efficiency from a general social point of view to be determined. Previous evaluations of the effectiveness of investment projects have mainly taken into account only categories and market values. The aim of the article is to identify the possibilities to expand the values of non-market assessments and categories formulated on the basis of the theoretical economics of the environment. 

Crimes against marriage and family before Criminal Code 1968

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
Lidia Peneva
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Code ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Structural Point

Crimes against marriage and family are a particular group of social relation­ships that the law has defended properly in view of the high public significance and value they enjoy. At the moment they are regulated in Chapter VI, Section I, of the specific part of the Penal Code the Repub­lic of Bulgaria. The subject matter of this Statement will, however, be the legisla­tive provisions concerning these criminal­ized acts in retrospect. The purpose of the study is to show by historical method and through the comparatively legal method the development of these criminal groups during the periods of various criminal laws in Bulgaria. This will also provide a basis for reflection on possible de lege ferenda proposals. This report from a structural point of view will be divided into three distinct points, marking each of the penal laws in the Republic of Bulgaria, which were in force before 1968.

THE METADIALOGUE CONCEPT IN ITS LINGUISTIC ASPECT

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-726
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Kupriyanova ◽  
I.M. Vasilyanova
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Aspect

The article summarizes the key points in the development of the metadialogue phenomenon from a linguistic point of view. Some stages of the development of this concept and the difficulties associated with its structuring are covered. The main research findings of modern foreign and domestic experts on its study are considered. Some characteristics of the subject of the research from the standpoint of various pragmatic installations are given. On the basis of the dynamic structure of the metadialogue development, certain principles of semantic relations connected with the dialectical nature of human cognition are presented. Excursion into the history and evolution of the concept is presented. Several types of formulation of the subject matter are given. In accordance with the goal of speech exposure, internal problems of the development of metadialogue are highlighted and the critical points related to solving these problems are described. The rules of metadialogue flow are explained at the level of steps, the success/failure of which directly affects the final result of communication. The prospects of development of the concept research in accordance with various types of discourse are indicated.

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