Identifying term candidates through adjective–noun constructions in English

Terminology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Zelinsky-Wibbelt
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Linguistic Categorization ◽  
High Relative Frequency

This paper evaluates the possibilities of recognizing term candidates through their formal and semantic characteristics. From a cognitive-linguistic stance, the semantic motivation of the word-formation patterns of collocations and compounds in domain-specific texts is assumed to promote their termhood. The semantic motivation to integrate into a multi-word unit is assumed to originate in the generally agreed on generic reference of the modifying constituent. This hypothesis is investigated empirically in a corpus-linguistic experiment. Term candidates instantiating different derivational patterns of adjective–noun constructions have been manually sorted by experts into approved and non-approved terms. Our subsequent linguistic categorization into the morpho-semantic constructions instantiated by the term candidates could be verified quantitatively in terms of relative frequencies. These frequencies clearly divide the term candidates into instances of term-promoting and term-impeding constructions. Obviously, the experts have approved the terms of those constructions which come up with a high relative frequency in the corpus.

Vorlesung und Hörsaal als Symptomwörter für Geschichte und Gegenwart der deutschen Sprache

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-595
Author(s):  
Wolf Peter Klein
Keyword(s):  
Academic Language ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Lecture Hall ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Science And Society ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Epochal Change ◽  
History Of ◽  
German Standard ◽  
The One

Abstract The article starts with the etymology of the words Vorlesung („lecture“) and Hörsaal (“lecture hall”). On the one hand, it turns out that the two expressions are deeply anchored in the history of the old Latin scientific language. They transmit Latin structures and perspectives in German neologisms. On the other hand, the two words arose exactly at the time when the sciences were moving from Latin to German, thus distancing themselves from the traditional forms of Latin scholarship. In this light, they exemplify an epochal change in the history of the German language, but at the same time they represent a great European continuity. Against this background, the two words can be interpreted as symptomatic words associated with the Enlightenment’s confident outlook on the future relationship between science and society. Further corpus linguistic surveys also show how productively the two words appear in word formation processes. In particular, these surveys show by way of example that and how German standard language has benefited from the emergence of German academic language.

scholarly journals High relative frequency of SCA1 in Poland reflecting a potential founder effect

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1319-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wioletta Krysa ◽  
Anna Sulek ◽  
Maria Rakowicz ◽  
Walentyna Szirkowiec ◽  
Jacek Zaremba
Keyword(s):  
Founder Effect ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
High Relative Frequency

Where does metonymy begin? Some comments on Janda (2011)

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Brdar ◽  
Rita Brdar-Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Concept Of Word ◽  
Central Claim ◽  
The Way

AbstractIn a recent paper published in this journal, Laura Janda makes a number of claims about metonymy, specifically about metonymy in word-formation as part of grammar. In a nutshell, what she says is that suffixed nouns such as Russian saxarnica (from saxar ‘sugar’) ‘sugar bowl’, Czech břicháč (from břicho ‘belly’) ‘person with a large belly’, or Norwegian baker ‘baker’, are metonymic extensions from saxar ‘sugar’, břicho ‘belly’, and bake ‘bake’, respectively. It is our contention that this claim about metonymy being involved in word-formation phenomena such as suffixation is misconceived and leads to an overuse of the term ‘metonymy’. We first comment on Janda's views on cognitive linguistic research on metonymy in grammar and word-formation, and then evaluate the evidence that she provides to support her central claim – from some general claims about metonymy and grammar to the way she identifies metonymy in word-formation. Finally, we point out a series of problems ensuing from the concept of word-formation metonymy. The analytical parts of Janda's article are in our view a more or less traditional cross-linguistic inventory of suffixation patterns that do not exhibit metonymy as such. However, some genuine metonymies that crop up among her examples are glossed over. In other words, we claim that her analysis ignores metonymies where they appear and postulates metonymies where they do not exist.

Relative frequency and the holistic processing of morphology

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Heffernan ◽  
Yo Sato
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Complex Form ◽  
Holistic Processing ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Unusual Behavior ◽  
Irregular Form ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
High Relative Frequency

Abstract This study presents apparent-time changes in the morphology of the expression mitai-na ‘similar to’. Based on apparent-time data, we argue that the morphological boundary between mitai and the attributive morpheme -na in the phrase mitai-na has disappeared, and that this complex phrase is now processed as a monomorphemic form. We suggest that relative frequency is the key to understanding the results. We further supplement our argument with data on the standardization of the adverbial adjective form in the Kansai dialect. Young speakers overwhelmingly use the standard form of adverbials for all adjectives except two: yō ‘a lot, well’ and hayō ‘quickly, early’ (instead of Standard Japanese yoku and hayaku). The three linguistic forms that display unusual behavior (mitai-na and the adverbial forms of yō and hayō) all have a high relative frequency. We conclude that when a complex form occurs more frequently than its components (high relative frequency), then it behaves as a monomorphemic unit. The irregular adverbial forms are leftover from an obsolete system, in the same way that many English irregular past forms are leftover from the Germanic strong verb system. In contrast, the irregular form mitai-na emerged from and competes with the regular inflection paradigm for mitai, illustrating a previously undocumented path for the diachronic emergence of irregular morphology.

scholarly journals The archbishop’s dinner? Late medieval fish from Esztergom-Várhegy-Kőbánya, Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
László Bartosiewicz ◽  
Erika Gál
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
High Status ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Wild Game ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Carnivorous Species ◽  
Carp Fish ◽  
High Relative Frequency

AbstractFourteenth–fifteenth century food refuse from the kitchen of the Esztergom archbishopric shows a significant diachronic increase in cyprinid bones, in particular those of carp. Meanwhile, contributions by large acipenserids and carnivorous species (catfish/wels, pike, percids) declined. Contemporaneous account books indirectly suggest that the archbishop’s kitchen must have increasingly relied on farmed carp fish. Sturgeons were a commodity sold by the archbishopric but rarely consumed. Expensive pikes were bought at low prices for the archbishop, possibly related to the small size of individuals found in the deposits. The poor representation of high-status fish is consonant with the scarcity of bones from large game in an assemblage dominated by domesticates. Wild game is represented by brown hare, partridge, and a variety of thrushes. These finds confirm that the foodways in the archbishop’s palace were more modest than expected on the basis of its social status. Increasing contributions by cyprinids and sterlet to the assemblage also coincide with the high relative frequency of their recipes in a sixteenth century cookbook.

Adjectival Conversion of Unaccusatives in German

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Gese ◽  
Claudia Maienborn ◽  
Britta Stolterfoht
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Present Perfect ◽  
Passive Construction ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Linguistic Evidence ◽  
Unaccusative Verbs ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Adjectival Passives ◽  
Adjectival Passive

The paper presents an in-depth study of the conditions under which unaccusative verbs in German take part in the formation of so-called ADJECTIVAL PASSIVES. It provides corpus-linguistic as well as psycho-linguistic evidence arguing that combinations ofsein‘to be’ with the participle of an unaccusative verb are systematically ambiguous between a present perfect reading (withseinas auxiliary) and an adjectival reading (withseinas copula). The first part of the paper highlights the adjectival character of the construction in question. The second part presents the results of three rating studies that help unravel the pragmatic conditions that govern the adjectival conversion of unaccusatives. This leads to the conclusion that what has become known as the “adjectival passive” construction is a rather general, broadly available word formation process that is characteristically shaped and controlled by pragmatic factors.*

High relative frequency of thyroid papillary carcinoma in northern portugal

Cancer ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1754-1759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C. Sambade ◽  
Vicente S. Goncalves ◽  
Manuel Dias ◽  
Manuel A. Sobrinho-Simòes
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Northern Portugal ◽  
Thyroid Papillary ◽  
High Relative Frequency

scholarly journals LINGUISTIK KORPUS KUANTITATIF DAN KAJIAN SEMANTIK LEKSIKAL SINONIM EMOSI BAHASA INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-150
Author(s):  
Gede Primahadi Wijaya Rajeg
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Construct ◽  
Theoretical Idea ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Emotion Word ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Linguistic Approach ◽  
Near Synonyms ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

This paper demonstrates the application of Multiple Distinctive Collexeme Analysis (MDCA) to study nuances and similarity between HAPPINESS near-synonyms in Indonesian. MDCA, as a variant of a family of quantitative corpus linguistic method called Collostructional Analysis, is proposed as a usage-based operationalisation for a classic theoretical construct in cognitive linguistic approach to emotion semantics, namely the idea of “related concepts” associated with the meaning of an emotion. Using MDCA, I expanded the idea of “related concepts” to investigate the semantics of more than one, near-synonymous, emotion on the basis of the synonyms’ distinctive collocates. I argue that MDCA (i) provides empirical basis for such a theoretical idea as “related concepts” and (ii) helps enrich semantic characterisation of a given emotion word in comparison to its synonyms, highlighting how they may differ or converge semantically.

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